arch/powerpc/kernel/hw_breakpoint.c

   1 /*
   2  * HW_breakpoint: a unified kernel/user-space hardware breakpoint facility,
   3  * using the CPU's debug registers. Derived from
   4  * "arch/x86/kernel/hw_breakpoint.c"
   5  *
   6  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   7  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   8  * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
   9  * (at your option) any later version.
  10  *
  11  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  12  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  13  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  14  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  15  *
  16  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  17  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  18  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
  19  *
  20  * Copyright 2010 IBM Corporation
  21  * Author: K.Prasad <prasad@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
  22  *
  23  */
  24
  25 #include <linux/hw_breakpoint.h>
  26 #include <linux/notifier.h>
  27 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
  28 #include <linux/percpu.h>
  29 #include <linux/kernel.h>
  30 #include <linux/sched.h>
  31 #include <linux/init.h>
  32 #include <linux/smp.h>
  33
  34 #include <asm/hw_breakpoint.h>
  35 #include <asm/processor.h>
  36 #include <asm/sstep.h>
  37 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
  38
  39 /*
  40  * Stores the breakpoints currently in use on each breakpoint address
  41  * register for every cpu
  42  */
  43 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct perf_event *, bp_per_reg);
  44
  45 /*
  46  * Returns total number of data or instruction breakpoints available.
  47  */
  48 int hw_breakpoint_slots(int type)
  49 {
  50         if (type == TYPE_DATA)
  51                 return HBP_NUM;
  52         return 0;               /* no instruction breakpoints available */
  53 }
  54
  55 /*
  56  * Install a perf counter breakpoint.
  57  *
  58  * We seek a free debug address register and use it for this
  59  * breakpoint.
  60  *
  61  * Atomic: we hold the counter->ctx->lock and we only handle variables
  62  * and registers local to this cpu.
  63  */
  64 int arch_install_hw_breakpoint(struct perf_event *bp)
  65 {
  66         struct arch_hw_breakpoint *info = counter_arch_bp(bp);
  67         struct perf_event **slot = &__get_cpu_var(bp_per_reg);
  68
  69         *slot = bp;
  70
  71         /*
  72          * Do not install DABR values if the instruction must be single-stepped.
  73          * If so, DABR will be populated in single_step_dabr_instruction().
  74          */
  75         if (current->thread.last_hit_ubp != bp)
  76                 set_breakpoint(info);
  77
  78         return 0;
  79 }
  80
  81 /*
  82  * Uninstall the breakpoint contained in the given counter.
  83  *
  84  * First we search the debug address register it uses and then we disable
  85  * it.
  86  *
  87  * Atomic: we hold the counter->ctx->lock and we only handle variables
  88  * and registers local to this cpu.
  89  */
  90 void arch_uninstall_hw_breakpoint(struct perf_event *bp)
  91 {
  92         struct perf_event **slot = &__get_cpu_var(bp_per_reg);
  93
  94         if (*slot != bp) {
  95                 WARN_ONCE(1, "Can't find the breakpoint");
  96                 return;
  97         }
  98
  99         *slot = NULL;
 100         hw_breakpoint_disable();
 101 }
 102
 103 /*
 104  * Perform cleanup of arch-specific counters during unregistration
 105  * of the perf-event
 106  */
 107 void arch_unregister_hw_breakpoint(struct perf_event *bp)
 108 {
 109         /*
 110          * If the breakpoint is unregistered between a hw_breakpoint_handler()
 111          * and the single_step_dabr_instruction(), then cleanup the breakpoint
 112          * restoration variables to prevent dangling pointers.
 113          */
 114         if (bp->ctx && bp->ctx->task)
 115                 bp->ctx->task->thread.last_hit_ubp = NULL;
 116 }
 117
 118 /*
 119  * Check for virtual address in kernel space.
 120  */
 121 int arch_check_bp_in_kernelspace(struct perf_event *bp)
 122 {
 123         struct arch_hw_breakpoint *info = counter_arch_bp(bp);
 124
 125         return is_kernel_addr(info->address);
 126 }
 127
 128 int arch_bp_generic_fields(int type, int *gen_bp_type)
 129 {
 130         *gen_bp_type = 0;
 131         if (type & HW_BRK_TYPE_READ)
 132                 *gen_bp_type |= HW_BREAKPOINT_R;
 133         if (type & HW_BRK_TYPE_WRITE)
 134                 *gen_bp_type |= HW_BREAKPOINT_W;
 135         if (*gen_bp_type == 0)
 136                 return -EINVAL;
 137         return 0;
 138 }
 139
 140 /*
 141  * Validate the arch-specific HW Breakpoint register settings
 142  */
 143 int arch_validate_hwbkpt_settings(struct perf_event *bp)
 144 {
 145         int ret = -EINVAL, length_max;
 146         struct arch_hw_breakpoint *info = counter_arch_bp(bp);
 147
 148         if (!bp)
 149                 return ret;
 150
 151         info->type = HW_BRK_TYPE_TRANSLATE;
 152         if (bp->attr.bp_type & HW_BREAKPOINT_R)
 153                 info->type |= HW_BRK_TYPE_READ;
 154         if (bp->attr.bp_type & HW_BREAKPOINT_W)
 155                 info->type |= HW_BRK_TYPE_WRITE;
 156         if (info->type == HW_BRK_TYPE_TRANSLATE)
 157                 /* must set alteast read or write */
 158                 return ret;
 159         if (!(bp->attr.exclude_user))
 160                 info->type |= HW_BRK_TYPE_USER;
 161         if (!(bp->attr.exclude_kernel))
 162                 info->type |= HW_BRK_TYPE_KERNEL;
 163         if (!(bp->attr.exclude_hv))
 164                 info->type |= HW_BRK_TYPE_HYP;
 165         info->address = bp->attr.bp_addr;
 166         info->len = bp->attr.bp_len;
 167
 168         /*
 169          * Since breakpoint length can be a maximum of HW_BREAKPOINT_LEN(8)
 170          * and breakpoint addresses are aligned to nearest double-word
 171          * HW_BREAKPOINT_ALIGN by rounding off to the lower address, the
 172          * 'symbolsize' should satisfy the check below.
 173          */
 174         length_max = 8; /* DABR */
 175         if (cpu_has_feature(CPU_FTR_DAWR)) {
 176                 length_max = 512 ; /* 64 doublewords */
 177                 /* DAWR region can't cross 512 boundary */
 178                 if ((bp->attr.bp_addr >> 10) !=
 179                     ((bp->attr.bp_addr + bp->attr.bp_len - 1) >> 10))
 180                         return -EINVAL;
 181         }
 182         if (info->len >
 183             (length_max - (info->address & HW_BREAKPOINT_ALIGN)))
 184                 return -EINVAL;
 185         return 0;
 186 }
 187
 188 /*
 189  * Restores the breakpoint on the debug registers.
 190  * Invoke this function if it is known that the execution context is
 191  * about to change to cause loss of MSR_SE settings.
 192  */
 193 void thread_change_pc(struct task_struct *tsk, struct pt_regs *regs)
 194 {
 195         struct arch_hw_breakpoint *info;
 196
 197         if (likely(!tsk->thread.last_hit_ubp))
 198                 return;
 199
 200         info = counter_arch_bp(tsk->thread.last_hit_ubp);
 201         regs->msr &= ~MSR_SE;
 202         set_breakpoint(info);
 203         tsk->thread.last_hit_ubp = NULL;
 204 }
 205
 206 /*
 207  * Handle debug exception notifications.
 208  */
 209 int __kprobes hw_breakpoint_handler(struct die_args *args)
 210 {
 211         int rc = NOTIFY_STOP;
 212         struct perf_event *bp;
 213         struct pt_regs *regs = args->regs;
 214         int stepped = 1;
 215         struct arch_hw_breakpoint *info;
 216         unsigned int instr;
 217         unsigned long dar = regs->dar;
 218
 219         /* Disable breakpoints during exception handling */
 220         hw_breakpoint_disable();
 221
 222         /*
 223          * The counter may be concurrently released but that can only
 224          * occur from a call_rcu() path. We can then safely fetch
 225          * the breakpoint, use its callback, touch its counter
 226          * while we are in an rcu_read_lock() path.
 227          */
 228         rcu_read_lock();
 229
 230         bp = __get_cpu_var(bp_per_reg);
 231         if (!bp) {
 232                 rc = NOTIFY_DONE;
 233                 goto out;
 234         }
 235         info = counter_arch_bp(bp);
 236
 237         /*
 238          * Return early after invoking user-callback function without restoring
 239          * DABR if the breakpoint is from ptrace which always operates in
 240          * one-shot mode. The ptrace-ed process will receive the SIGTRAP signal
 241          * generated in do_dabr().
 242          */
 243         if (bp->overflow_handler == ptrace_triggered) {
 244                 perf_bp_event(bp, regs);
 245                 rc = NOTIFY_DONE;
 246                 goto out;
 247         }
 248
 249         /*
 250          * Verify if dar lies within the address range occupied by the symbol
 251          * being watched to filter extraneous exceptions.  If it doesn't,
 252          * we still need to single-step the instruction, but we don't
 253          * generate an event.
 254          */
 255         info->type &= ~HW_BRK_TYPE_EXTRANEOUS_IRQ;
 256         if (!((bp->attr.bp_addr <= dar) &&
 257               (dar - bp->attr.bp_addr < bp->attr.bp_len)))
 258                 info->type |= HW_BRK_TYPE_EXTRANEOUS_IRQ;
 259
 260         /* Do not emulate user-space instructions, instead single-step them */
 261         if (user_mode(regs)) {
 262                 current->thread.last_hit_ubp = bp;
 263                 regs->msr |= MSR_SE;
 264                 goto out;
 265         }
 266
 267         stepped = 0;
 268         instr = 0;
 269         if (!__get_user_inatomic(instr, (unsigned int *) regs->nip))
 270                 stepped = emulate_step(regs, instr);
 271
 272         /*
 273          * emulate_step() could not execute it. We've failed in reliably
 274          * handling the hw-breakpoint. Unregister it and throw a warning
 275          * message to let the user know about it.
 276          */
 277         if (!stepped) {
 278                 WARN(1, "Unable to handle hardware breakpoint. Breakpoint at "
 279                         "0x%lx will be disabled.", info->address);
 280                 perf_event_disable(bp);
 281                 goto out;
 282         }
 283         /*
 284          * As a policy, the callback is invoked in a 'trigger-after-execute'
 285          * fashion
 286          */
 287         if (!(info->type & HW_BRK_TYPE_EXTRANEOUS_IRQ))
 288                 perf_bp_event(bp, regs);
 289
 290         set_breakpoint(info);
 291 out:
 292         rcu_read_unlock();
 293         return rc;
 294 }
 295
 296 /*
 297  * Handle single-step exceptions following a DABR hit.
 298  */
 299 int __kprobes single_step_dabr_instruction(struct die_args *args)
 300 {
 301         struct pt_regs *regs = args->regs;
 302         struct perf_event *bp = NULL;
 303         struct arch_hw_breakpoint *info;
 304
 305         bp = current->thread.last_hit_ubp;
 306         /*
 307          * Check if we are single-stepping as a result of a
 308          * previous HW Breakpoint exception
 309          */
 310         if (!bp)
 311                 return NOTIFY_DONE;
 312
 313         info = counter_arch_bp(bp);
 314
 315         /*
 316          * We shall invoke the user-defined callback function in the single
 317          * stepping handler to confirm to 'trigger-after-execute' semantics
 318          */
 319         if (!(info->type & HW_BRK_TYPE_EXTRANEOUS_IRQ))
 320                 perf_bp_event(bp, regs);
 321
 322         set_breakpoint(info);
 323         current->thread.last_hit_ubp = NULL;
 324
 325         /*
 326          * If the process was being single-stepped by ptrace, let the
 327          * other single-step actions occur (e.g. generate SIGTRAP).
 328          */
 329         if (test_thread_flag(TIF_SINGLESTEP))
 330                 return NOTIFY_DONE;
 331
 332         return NOTIFY_STOP;
 333 }
 334
 335 /*
 336  * Handle debug exception notifications.
 337  */
 338 int __kprobes hw_breakpoint_exceptions_notify(
 339                 struct notifier_block *unused, unsigned long val, void *data)
 340 {
 341         int ret = NOTIFY_DONE;
 342
 343         switch (val) {
 344         case DIE_DABR_MATCH:
 345                 ret = hw_breakpoint_handler(data);
 346                 break;
 347         case DIE_SSTEP:
 348                 ret = single_step_dabr_instruction(data);
 349                 break;
 350         }
 351
 352         return ret;
 353 }
 354
 355 /*
 356  * Release the user breakpoints used by ptrace
 357  */
 358 void flush_ptrace_hw_breakpoint(struct task_struct *tsk)
 359 {
 360         struct thread_struct *t = &tsk->thread;
 361
 362         unregister_hw_breakpoint(t->ptrace_bps[0]);
 363         t->ptrace_bps[0] = NULL;
 364 }
 365
 366 void hw_breakpoint_pmu_read(struct perf_event *bp)
 367 {
 368         /* TODO */
 369 }