Documentation/zh_CN/magic-number.txt

   1 Chinese translated version of Documentation/magic-number.txt
   2
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   7
   8 Chinese maintainer: Jia Wei Wei <harryxiyou@gmail.com>
   9 ---------------------------------------------------------------------
  10 Documentation/magic-number.txt的中文翻译
  11
  12 如果想评论或更新本文的内容，请直接发信到LKML。如果你使用英文交流有困难的话，也可
  13 以向中文版维护者求助。如果本翻译更新不及时或者翻译存在问题，请联系中文版维护者。
  14
  15 中文版维护者： 贾威威 Jia Wei Wei <harryxiyou@gmail.com>
  16 中文版翻译者： 贾威威 Jia Wei Wei <harryxiyou@gmail.com>
  17 中文版校译者： 贾威威 Jia Wei Wei <harryxiyou@gmail.com>
  18
  19 以下为正文
  20 ---------------------------------------------------------------------
  21 这个文件是有关当前使用的魔术值注册表。当你给一个结构添加了一个魔术值，你也应该把这个魔术值添加到这个文件，因为我们最好把用于各种结构的魔术值统一起来。
  22
  23 使用魔术值来保护内核数据结构是一个非常好的主意。这就允许你在运行期检查(a)一个结构是否已经被攻击，或者(b)你已经给一个例行程序通过了一个错误的结构。后一种情况特别地有用---特别是当你通过一个空指针指向结构体的时候。tty源码，例如，经常通过特定驱动使用这种方法并且反复地排列特定方面的结构。
  24
  25 使用魔术值的方法是在结构的开始处声明的，如下：
  26
  27 struct tty_ldisc {
  28         int     magic;
  29         ...
  30 };
  31
  32 当你以后给内核添加增强功能的时候，请遵守这条规则！这样就会节省数不清的调试时间，特别是一些古怪的情况，例如，数组超出范围并且重新写了超出部分。遵守这个规则，‪这些情况可以被快速地，安全地避免。
  33
  34                 Theodore Ts'o
  35                   31 Mar 94
  36
  37 给当前的Linux 2.1.55添加魔术表。
  38
  39                 Michael Chastain
  40                 <mailto:mec@shout.net>
  41                 22 Sep 1997
  42
  43 现在应该最新的Linux 2.1.112.因为在特性冻结期间，不能在2.2.x前改变任何东西。这些条目被数域所排序。
  44
  45                 Krzysztof G.Baranowski
  46                 <mailto: kgb@knm.org.pl>
  47                 29 Jul 1998
  48
  49 更新魔术表到Linux 2.5.45。刚好越过特性冻结，但是有可能还会有一些新的魔术值在2.6.x之前融入到内核中。
  50
  51                 Petr Baudis
  52                 <pasky@ucw.cz>
  53                 03 Nov 2002
  54
  55 更新魔术表到Linux 2.5.74。
  56
  57                 Fabian Frederick
  58                 <ffrederick@users.sourceforge.net>
  59                 09 Jul 2003
  60
  61 魔术名                 地址         结构               所在文件
  62 ===========================================================================
  63 PG_MAGIC              'P'         pg_{read,write}_hdr include/linux/pg.h
  64 CMAGIC                0x0111      user              include/linux/a.out.h
  65 MKISS_DRIVER_MAGIC    0x04bf      mkiss_channel     drivers/net/mkiss.h
  66 RISCOM8_MAGIC         0x0907      riscom_port       drivers/char/riscom8.h
  67 SPECIALIX_MAGIC       0x0907      specialix_port    drivers/char/specialix_io8.h
  68 HDLC_MAGIC            0x239e      n_hdlc            drivers/char/n_hdlc.c
  69 APM_BIOS_MAGIC        0x4101      apm_user          arch/x86/kernel/apm_32.c
  70 CYCLADES_MAGIC        0x4359      cyclades_port     include/linux/cyclades.h
  71 DB_MAGIC              0x4442      fc_info           drivers/net/iph5526_novram.c
  72 DL_MAGIC              0x444d      fc_info           drivers/net/iph5526_novram.c
  73 FASYNC_MAGIC          0x4601      fasync_struct     include/linux/fs.h
  74 FF_MAGIC              0x4646      fc_info           drivers/net/iph5526_novram.c
  75 ISICOM_MAGIC          0x4d54      isi_port          include/linux/isicom.h
  76 PTY_MAGIC             0x5001                        drivers/char/pty.c
  77 PPP_MAGIC             0x5002      ppp               include/linux/if_pppvar.h
  78 SERIAL_MAGIC          0x5301      async_struct      include/linux/serial.h
  79 SSTATE_MAGIC          0x5302      serial_state      include/linux/serial.h
  80 SLIP_MAGIC            0x5302      slip              drivers/net/slip.h
  81 STRIP_MAGIC           0x5303      strip             drivers/net/strip.c
  82 X25_ASY_MAGIC         0x5303      x25_asy           drivers/net/x25_asy.h
  83 SIXPACK_MAGIC         0x5304      sixpack           drivers/net/hamradio/6pack.h
  84 AX25_MAGIC            0x5316      ax_disp           drivers/net/mkiss.h
  85 ESP_MAGIC             0x53ee      esp_struct        drivers/char/esp.h
  86 TTY_MAGIC             0x5401      tty_struct        include/linux/tty.h
  87 MGSL_MAGIC            0x5401      mgsl_info         drivers/char/synclink.c
  88 TTY_DRIVER_MAGIC      0x5402      tty_driver        include/linux/tty_driver.h
  89 MGSLPC_MAGIC          0x5402      mgslpc_info       drivers/char/pcmcia/synclink_cs.c
  90 TTY_LDISC_MAGIC       0x5403      tty_ldisc         include/linux/tty_ldisc.h
  91 USB_SERIAL_MAGIC      0x6702      usb_serial        drivers/usb/serial/usb-serial.h
  92 FULL_DUPLEX_MAGIC     0x6969                        drivers/net/ethernet/dec/tulip/de2104x.c
  93 USB_BLUETOOTH_MAGIC   0x6d02      usb_bluetooth     drivers/usb/class/bluetty.c
  94 RFCOMM_TTY_MAGIC      0x6d02                        net/bluetooth/rfcomm/tty.c
  95 USB_SERIAL_PORT_MAGIC 0x7301      usb_serial_port   drivers/usb/serial/usb-serial.h
  96 CG_MAGIC              0x00090255  ufs_cylinder_group include/linux/ufs_fs.h
  97 A2232_MAGIC           0x000a2232  gs_port           drivers/char/ser_a2232.h
  98 RPORT_MAGIC           0x00525001  r_port            drivers/char/rocket_int.h
  99 LSEMAGIC              0x05091998  lse               drivers/fc4/fc.c
 100 GDTIOCTL_MAGIC        0x06030f07  gdth_iowr_str     drivers/scsi/gdth_ioctl.h
 101 RIEBL_MAGIC           0x09051990                    drivers/net/atarilance.c
 102 RIO_MAGIC             0x12345678  gs_port           drivers/char/rio/rio_linux.c
 103 SX_MAGIC              0x12345678  gs_port           drivers/char/sx.h
 104 NBD_REQUEST_MAGIC     0x12560953  nbd_request       include/linux/nbd.h
 105 RED_MAGIC2            0x170fc2a5  (any)             mm/slab.c
 106 BAYCOM_MAGIC          0x19730510  baycom_state      drivers/net/baycom_epp.c
 107 ISDN_X25IFACE_MAGIC   0x1e75a2b9  isdn_x25iface_proto_data
 108                                                     drivers/isdn/isdn_x25iface.h
 109 ECP_MAGIC             0x21504345  cdkecpsig         include/linux/cdk.h
 110 LSOMAGIC              0x27091997  lso               drivers/fc4/fc.c
 111 LSMAGIC               0x2a3b4d2a  ls                drivers/fc4/fc.c
 112 WANPIPE_MAGIC         0x414C4453  sdla_{dump,exec}  include/linux/wanpipe.h
 113 CS_CARD_MAGIC         0x43525553  cs_card           sound/oss/cs46xx.c
 114 LABELCL_MAGIC         0x4857434c  labelcl_info_s    include/asm/ia64/sn/labelcl.h
 115 ISDN_ASYNC_MAGIC      0x49344C01  modem_info        include/linux/isdn.h
 116 CTC_ASYNC_MAGIC       0x49344C01  ctc_tty_info      drivers/s390/net/ctctty.c
 117 ISDN_NET_MAGIC        0x49344C02  isdn_net_local_s  drivers/isdn/i4l/isdn_net_lib.h
 118 SAVEKMSG_MAGIC2       0x4B4D5347  savekmsg          arch/*/amiga/config.c
 119 STLI_BOARDMAGIC       0x4bc6c825  stlibrd           include/linux/istallion.h
 120 CS_STATE_MAGIC        0x4c4f4749  cs_state          sound/oss/cs46xx.c
 121 SLAB_C_MAGIC          0x4f17a36d  kmem_cache        mm/slab.c
 122 COW_MAGIC             0x4f4f4f4d  cow_header_v1     arch/um/drivers/ubd_user.c
 123 I810_CARD_MAGIC       0x5072696E  i810_card         sound/oss/i810_audio.c
 124 TRIDENT_CARD_MAGIC    0x5072696E  trident_card      sound/oss/trident.c
 125 ROUTER_MAGIC          0x524d4157  wan_device        [in wanrouter.h pre 3.9]
 126 SCC_MAGIC             0x52696368  gs_port           drivers/char/scc.h
 127 SAVEKMSG_MAGIC1       0x53415645  savekmsg          arch/*/amiga/config.c
 128 GDA_MAGIC             0x58464552  gda               arch/mips/include/asm/sn/gda.h
 129 RED_MAGIC1            0x5a2cf071  (any)             mm/slab.c
 130 STL_PORTMAGIC         0x5a7182c9  stlport           include/linux/stallion.h
 131 EEPROM_MAGIC_VALUE    0x5ab478d2  lanai_dev         drivers/atm/lanai.c
 132 HDLCDRV_MAGIC         0x5ac6e778  hdlcdrv_state     include/linux/hdlcdrv.h
 133 EPCA_MAGIC            0x5c6df104  channel           include/linux/epca.h
 134 PCXX_MAGIC            0x5c6df104  channel           drivers/char/pcxx.h
 135 KV_MAGIC              0x5f4b565f  kernel_vars_s     arch/mips/include/asm/sn/klkernvars.h
 136 I810_STATE_MAGIC      0x63657373  i810_state        sound/oss/i810_audio.c
 137 TRIDENT_STATE_MAGIC   0x63657373  trient_state      sound/oss/trident.c
 138 M3_CARD_MAGIC         0x646e6f50  m3_card           sound/oss/maestro3.c
 139 FW_HEADER_MAGIC       0x65726F66  fw_header         drivers/atm/fore200e.h
 140 SLOT_MAGIC            0x67267321  slot              drivers/hotplug/cpqphp.h
 141 SLOT_MAGIC            0x67267322  slot              drivers/hotplug/acpiphp.h
 142 LO_MAGIC              0x68797548  nbd_device        include/linux/nbd.h
 143 OPROFILE_MAGIC        0x6f70726f  super_block       drivers/oprofile/oprofilefs.h
 144 M3_STATE_MAGIC        0x734d724d  m3_state          sound/oss/maestro3.c
 145 STL_PANELMAGIC        0x7ef621a1  stlpanel          include/linux/stallion.h
 146 VMALLOC_MAGIC         0x87654320  snd_alloc_track   sound/core/memory.c
 147 KMALLOC_MAGIC         0x87654321  snd_alloc_track   sound/core/memory.c
 148 PWC_MAGIC             0x89DC10AB  pwc_device        drivers/usb/media/pwc.h
 149 NBD_REPLY_MAGIC       0x96744668  nbd_reply         include/linux/nbd.h
 150 STL_BOARDMAGIC        0xa2267f52  stlbrd            include/linux/stallion.h
 151 ENI155_MAGIC          0xa54b872d  midway_eprom      drivers/atm/eni.h
 152 SCI_MAGIC             0xbabeface  gs_port           drivers/char/sh-sci.h
 153 CODA_MAGIC            0xC0DAC0DA  coda_file_info    include/linux/coda_fs_i.h
 154 DPMEM_MAGIC           0xc0ffee11  gdt_pci_sram      drivers/scsi/gdth.h
 155 STLI_PORTMAGIC        0xe671c7a1  stliport          include/linux/istallion.h
 156 YAM_MAGIC             0xF10A7654  yam_port          drivers/net/hamradio/yam.c
 157 CCB_MAGIC             0xf2691ad2  ccb               drivers/scsi/ncr53c8xx.c
 158 QUEUE_MAGIC_FREE      0xf7e1c9a3  queue_entry       drivers/scsi/arm/queue.c
 159 QUEUE_MAGIC_USED      0xf7e1cc33  queue_entry       drivers/scsi/arm/queue.c
 160 HTB_CMAGIC            0xFEFAFEF1  htb_class         net/sched/sch_htb.c
 161 NMI_MAGIC             0x48414d4d455201 nmi_s        arch/mips/include/asm/sn/nmi.h
 162
 163 请注意，在声音记忆管理中仍然有一些特殊的为每个驱动定义的魔术值。查看include/sound/sndmagic.h来获取他们完整的列表信息。很多OSS声音驱动拥有自己从声卡PCI ID构建的魔术值-他们也没有被列在这里。
 164
 165 IrDA子系统也使用了大量的自己的魔术值，查看include/net/irda/irda.h来获取他们完整的信息。
 166
 167 HFS是另外一个比较大的使用魔术值的文件系统-你可以在fs/hfs/hfs.h中找到他们。