Documentation/networking/driver.txt

   1 Document about softnet driver issues
   2
   3 Transmit path guidelines:
   4
   5 1) The ndo_start_xmit method must not return NETDEV_TX_BUSY under
   6    any normal circumstances.  It is considered a hard error unless
   7    there is no way your device can tell ahead of time when it's
   8    transmit function will become busy.
   9
  10    Instead it must maintain the queue properly.  For example,
  11    for a driver implementing scatter-gather this means:
  12
  13         static netdev_tx_t drv_hard_start_xmit(struct sk_buff *skb,
  14                                                struct net_device *dev)
  15         {
  16                 struct drv *dp = netdev_priv(dev);
  17
  18                 lock_tx(dp);
  19                 ...
  20                 /* This is a hard error log it. */
  21                 if (TX_BUFFS_AVAIL(dp) <= (skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags + 1)) {
  22                         netif_stop_queue(dev);
  23                         unlock_tx(dp);
  24                         printk(KERN_ERR PFX "%s: BUG! Tx Ring full when queue awake!\n",
  25                                dev->name);
  26                         return NETDEV_TX_BUSY;
  27                 }
  28
  29                 ... queue packet to card ...
  30                 ... update tx consumer index ...
  31
  32                 if (TX_BUFFS_AVAIL(dp) <= (MAX_SKB_FRAGS + 1))
  33                         netif_stop_queue(dev);
  34
  35                 ...
  36                 unlock_tx(dp);
  37                 ...
  38                 return NETDEV_TX_OK;
  39         }
  40
  41    And then at the end of your TX reclamation event handling:
  42
  43         if (netif_queue_stopped(dp->dev) &&
  44             TX_BUFFS_AVAIL(dp) > (MAX_SKB_FRAGS + 1))
  45                 netif_wake_queue(dp->dev);
  46
  47    For a non-scatter-gather supporting card, the three tests simply become:
  48
  49                 /* This is a hard error log it. */
  50                 if (TX_BUFFS_AVAIL(dp) <= 0)
  51
  52    and:
  53
  54                 if (TX_BUFFS_AVAIL(dp) == 0)
  55
  56    and:
  57
  58         if (netif_queue_stopped(dp->dev) &&
  59             TX_BUFFS_AVAIL(dp) > 0)
  60                 netif_wake_queue(dp->dev);
  61
  62 2) An ndo_start_xmit method must not modify the shared parts of a
  63    cloned SKB.
  64
  65 3) Do not forget that once you return NETDEV_TX_OK from your
  66    ndo_start_xmit method, it is your driver's responsibility to free
  67    up the SKB and in some finite amount of time.
  68
  69    For example, this means that it is not allowed for your TX
  70    mitigation scheme to let TX packets "hang out" in the TX
  71    ring unreclaimed forever if no new TX packets are sent.
  72    This error can deadlock sockets waiting for send buffer room
  73    to be freed up.
  74
  75    If you return NETDEV_TX_BUSY from the ndo_start_xmit method, you
  76    must not keep any reference to that SKB and you must not attempt
  77    to free it up.
  78
  79 Probing guidelines:
  80
  81 1) Any hardware layer address you obtain for your device should
  82    be verified.  For example, for ethernet check it with
  83    linux/etherdevice.h:is_valid_ether_addr()
  84
  85 Close/stop guidelines:
  86
  87 1) After the ndo_stop routine has been called, the hardware must
  88    not receive or transmit any data.  All in flight packets must
  89    be aborted. If necessary, poll or wait for completion of
  90    any reset commands.
  91
  92 2) The ndo_stop routine will be called by unregister_netdevice
  93    if device is still UP.