From 650b7b23cb1e32d77daeefbac1ceb1329abf3b23 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Petr Mladek Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2015 15:07:29 +0100 Subject: [PATCH] kprobes/x86: Use 5-byte NOP when the code might be modified by ftrace can_probe() checks if the given address points to the beginning of an instruction. It analyzes all the instructions from the beginning of the function until the given address. The code might be modified by another Kprobe. In this case, the current code is read into a buffer, int3 breakpoint is replaced by the saved opcode in the buffer, and can_probe() analyzes the buffer instead. There is a bug that __recover_probed_insn() tries to restore the original code even for Kprobes using the ftrace framework. But in this case, the opcode is not stored. See the difference between arch_prepare_kprobe() and arch_prepare_kprobe_ftrace(). The opcode is stored by arch_copy_kprobe() only from arch_prepare_kprobe(). This patch makes Kprobe to use the ideal 5-byte NOP when the code can be modified by ftrace. It is the original instruction, see ftrace_make_nop() and ftrace_nop_replace(). Note that we always need to use the NOP for ftrace locations. Kprobes do not block ftrace and the instruction might get modified at anytime. It might even be in an inconsistent state because it is modified step by step using the int3 breakpoint. The patch also fixes indentation of the touched comment. Note that I found this problem when playing with Kprobes. I did it on x86_64 with gcc-4.8.3 that supported -mfentry. I modified samples/kprobes/kprobe_example.c and added offset 5 to put the probe right after the fentry area: static struct kprobe kp = { .symbol_name = "do_fork", + .offset = 5, }; Then I was able to load kprobe_example before jprobe_example but not the other way around: $> modprobe jprobe_example $> modprobe kprobe_example modprobe: ERROR: could not insert 'kprobe_example': Invalid or incomplete multibyte or wide character It did not make much sense and debugging pointed to the bug described above. Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu Cc: Ananth NMavinakayanahalli Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy Cc: David S. Miller Cc: Frederic Weisbecker Cc: Jiri Kosina Cc: Steven Rostedt Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1424441250-27146-2-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.cz Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar --- arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/core.c | 42 ++++++++++++++++++++++------------ 1 file changed, 28 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-) diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/core.c b/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/core.c index 6a1146ea4d4d..c3b4b46b4797 100644 --- a/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/core.c +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/core.c @@ -223,27 +223,41 @@ static unsigned long __recover_probed_insn(kprobe_opcode_t *buf, unsigned long addr) { struct kprobe *kp; + unsigned long faddr; kp = get_kprobe((void *)addr); - /* There is no probe, return original address */ - if (!kp) + faddr = ftrace_location(addr); + /* + * Use the current code if it is not modified by Kprobe + * and it cannot be modified by ftrace. + */ + if (!kp && !faddr) return addr; /* - * Basically, kp->ainsn.insn has an original instruction. - * However, RIP-relative instruction can not do single-stepping - * at different place, __copy_instruction() tweaks the displacement of - * that instruction. In that case, we can't recover the instruction - * from the kp->ainsn.insn. + * Basically, kp->ainsn.insn has an original instruction. + * However, RIP-relative instruction can not do single-stepping + * at different place, __copy_instruction() tweaks the displacement of + * that instruction. In that case, we can't recover the instruction + * from the kp->ainsn.insn. * - * On the other hand, kp->opcode has a copy of the first byte of - * the probed instruction, which is overwritten by int3. And - * the instruction at kp->addr is not modified by kprobes except - * for the first byte, we can recover the original instruction - * from it and kp->opcode. + * On the other hand, in case on normal Kprobe, kp->opcode has a copy + * of the first byte of the probed instruction, which is overwritten + * by int3. And the instruction at kp->addr is not modified by kprobes + * except for the first byte, we can recover the original instruction + * from it and kp->opcode. + * + * In case of Kprobes using ftrace, we do not have a copy of + * the original instruction. In fact, the ftrace location might + * be modified at anytime and even could be in an inconsistent state. + * Fortunately, we know that the original code is the ideal 5-byte + * long NOP. */ - memcpy(buf, kp->addr, MAX_INSN_SIZE * sizeof(kprobe_opcode_t)); - buf[0] = kp->opcode; + memcpy(buf, (void *)addr, MAX_INSN_SIZE * sizeof(kprobe_opcode_t)); + if (faddr) + memcpy(buf, ideal_nops[NOP_ATOMIC5], 5); + else + buf[0] = kp->opcode; return (unsigned long)buf; } -- 2.20.1