Merge branch 'akpm' (patches from Andrew)

Merge more updates from Andrew Morton:

 - a few block updates that fell in my lap

 - lib/ updates

 - checkpatch

 - autofs

 - ipc

 - a ton of misc other things

* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (100 commits)
  mm: split gfp_mask and mapping flags into separate fields
  fs: use mapping_set_error instead of opencoded set_bit
  treewide: remove redundant #include <linux/kconfig.h>
  hung_task: allow hung_task_panic when hung_task_warnings is 0
  kthread: add kerneldoc for kthread_create()
  kthread: better support freezable kthread workers
  kthread: allow to modify delayed kthread work
  kthread: allow to cancel kthread work
  kthread: initial support for delayed kthread work
  kthread: detect when a kthread work is used by more workers
  kthread: add kthread_destroy_worker()
  kthread: add kthread_create_worker*()
  kthread: allow to call __kthread_create_on_node() with va_list args
  kthread/smpboot: do not park in kthread_create_on_cpu()
  kthread: kthread worker API cleanup
  kthread: rename probe_kthread_data() to kthread_probe_data()
  scripts/tags.sh: enable code completion in VIM
  mm: kmemleak: avoid using __va() on addresses that don't have a lowmem mapping
  kdump, vmcoreinfo: report memory sections virtual addresses
  ipc/sem.c: add cond_resched in exit_sme
  ...

mm: split gfp_mask and mapping flags into separate fields

mapping->flags currently encodes two different things into a single flag.
It contains sticky gfp_mask for page cache allocations and AS_ codes used
to report errors/enospace and other states which are mapping specific.
Condensing the two semantically unrelated things saves few bytes but it
also complicates other things.  For one thing the gfp flags space is
reduced and in fact we are already running out of available bits.  It can
be assumed that more gfp flags will be necessary later on.

To not introduce the address_space grow (at least on x86_64) we can stick
it right after private_lock because we have a hole there.

struct address_space {
        struct inode *             host;                 /*     0     8 */
        struct radix_tree_root     page_tree;            /*     8    16 */
        spinlock_t                 tree_lock;            /*    24     4 */
        atomic_t                   i_mmap_writable;      /*    28     4 */
        struct rb_root             i_mmap;               /*    32     8 */
        struct rw_semaphore        i_mmap_rwsem;         /*    40    40 */
        /* --- cacheline 1 boundary (64 bytes) was 16 bytes ago --- */
        long unsigned int          nrpages;              /*    80     8 */
        long unsigned int          nrexceptional;        /*    88     8 */
        long unsigned int          writeback_index;      /*    96     8 */
        const struct address_space_operations  * a_ops;  /*   104     8 */
        long unsigned int          flags;                /*   112     8 */
        spinlock_t                 private_lock;         /*   120     4 */

        /* XXX 4 bytes hole, try to pack */

        /* --- cacheline 2 boundary (128 bytes) --- */
        struct list_head           private_list;         /*   128    16 */
        void *                     private_data;         /*   144     8 */

        /* size: 152, cachelines: 3, members: 14 */
        /* sum members: 148, holes: 1, sum holes: 4 */
        /* last cacheline: 24 bytes */
};

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160912114852.GI14524@dhcp22.suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

fs: use mapping_set_error instead of opencoded set_bit

The mapping_set_error() helper sets the correct AS_ flag for the mapping
so there is no reason to open code it.  Use the helper directly.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: be honest about conversion from -ENXIO to -EIO]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160912111608.2588-2-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

treewide: remove redundant #include <linux/kconfig.h>

Kernel source files need not include <linux/kconfig.h> explicitly
because the top Makefile forces to include it with:

  -include $(srctree)/include/linux/kconfig.h

This commit removes explicit includes except the following:

  * arch/s390/include/asm/facilities_src.h
  * tools/testing/radix-tree/linux/kernel.h

These two are used for host programs.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1473656164-11929-1-git-send-email-yamada.masahiro@socionext.com
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

hung_task: allow hung_task_panic when hung_task_warnings is 0

Previously hung_task_panic would not be respected if enabled after
hung_task_warnings had already been decremented to 0.

Permit the kernel to panic if hung_task_panic is enabled after
hung_task_warnings has already been decremented to 0 and another task
hangs for hung_task_timeout_secs seconds.

Check if hung_task_panic is enabled so we don't return prematurely, and
check if hung_task_warnings is non-zero so we don't print the warning
unnecessarily.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix off-by-one]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1473450214-4049-1-git-send-email-jsiddle@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: John Siddle <jsiddle@redhat.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kthread: add kerneldoc for kthread_create()

This macro is referenced in other kerneldoc comments, but lacks one of its
own; fix that.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160826072313.726a3485@lwn.net
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Reported-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kthread: better support freezable kthread workers

This patch allows to make kthread worker freezable via a new @flags
parameter. It will allow to avoid an init work in some kthreads.

It currently does not affect the function of kthread_worker_fn()
but it might help to do some optimization or fixes eventually.

I currently do not know about any other use for the @flags
parameter but I believe that we will want more flags
in the future.

Finally, I hope that it will not cause confusion with @flags member
in struct kthread. Well, I guess that we will want to rework the
basic kthreads implementation once all kthreads are converted into
kthread workers or workqueues. It is possible that we will merge
the two structures.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470754545-17632-12-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kthread: allow to modify delayed kthread work

There are situations when we need to modify the delay of a delayed kthread
work. For example, when the work depends on an event and the initial delay
means a timeout. Then we want to queue the work immediately when the event
happens.

This patch implements kthread_mod_delayed_work() as inspired workqueues.
It cancels the timer, removes the work from any worker list and queues it
again with the given timeout.

A very special case is when the work is being canceled at the same time.
It might happen because of the regular kthread_cancel_delayed_work_sync()
or by another kthread_mod_delayed_work(). In this case, we do nothing and
let the other operation win. This should not normally happen as the caller
is supposed to synchronize these operations a reasonable way.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470754545-17632-11-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kthread: allow to cancel kthread work

We are going to use kthread workers more widely and sometimes we will need
to make sure that the work is neither pending nor running.

This patch implements cancel_*_sync() operations as inspired by
workqueues.  Well, we are synchronized against the other operations via
the worker lock, we use del_timer_sync() and a counter to count parallel
cancel operations.  Therefore the implementation might be easier.

First, we check if a worker is assigned.  If not, the work has newer been
queued after it was initialized.

Second, we take the worker lock.  It must be the right one.  The work must
not be assigned to another worker unless it is initialized in between.

Third, we try to cancel the timer when it exists.  The timer is deleted
synchronously to make sure that the timer call back is not running.  We
need to temporary release the worker->lock to avoid a possible deadlock
with the callback.  In the meantime, we set work->canceling counter to
avoid any queuing.

Fourth, we try to remove the work from a worker list. It might be
the list of either normal or delayed works.

Fifth, if the work is running, we call kthread_flush_work().  It might
take an arbitrary time.  We need to release the worker-lock again.  In the
meantime, we again block any queuing by the canceling counter.

As already mentioned, the check for a pending kthread work is done under a
lock.  In compare with workqueues, we do not need to fight for a single
PENDING bit to block other operations.  Therefore we do not suffer from
the thundering storm problem and all parallel canceling jobs might use
kthread_flush_work().  Any queuing is blocked until the counter gets zero.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470754545-17632-10-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kthread: initial support for delayed kthread work

We are going to use kthread_worker more widely and delayed works
will be pretty useful.

The implementation is inspired by workqueues.  It uses a timer to queue
the work after the requested delay.  If the delay is zero, the work is
queued immediately.

In compare with workqueues, each work is associated with a single worker
(kthread).  Therefore the implementation could be much easier.  In
particular, we use the worker->lock to synchronize all the operations with
the work.  We do not need any atomic operation with a flags variable.

In fact, we do not need any state variable at all.  Instead, we add a list
of delayed works into the worker.  Then the pending work is listed either
in the list of queued or delayed works.  And the existing check of pending
works is the same even for the delayed ones.

A work must not be assigned to another worker unless reinitialized.
Therefore the timer handler might expect that dwork->work->worker is valid
and it could simply take the lock.  We just add some sanity checks to help
with debugging a potential misuse.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470754545-17632-9-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kthread: detect when a kthread work is used by more workers

Nothing currently prevents a work from queuing for a kthread worker when
it is already running on another one.  This means that the work might run
in parallel on more than one worker.  Also some operations are not
reliable, e.g.  flush.

This problem will be even more visible after we add kthread_cancel_work()
function.  It will only have "work" as the parameter and will use
worker->lock to synchronize with others.

Well, normally this is not a problem because the API users are sane.
But bugs might happen and users also might be crazy.

This patch adds a warning when we try to insert the work for another
worker.  It does not fully prevent the misuse because it would make the
code much more complicated without a big benefit.

It adds the same warning also into kthread_flush_work() instead of the
repeated attempts to get the right lock.

A side effect is that one needs to explicitly reinitialize the work if it
must be queued into another worker.  This is needed, for example, when the
worker is stopped and started again.  It is a bit inconvenient.  But it
looks like a good compromise between the stability and complexity.

I have double checked all existing users of the kthread worker API and
they all seems to initialize the work after the worker gets started.

Just for completeness, the patch adds a check that the work is not already
in a queue.

The patch also puts all the checks into a separate function.  It will be
reused when implementing delayed works.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470754545-17632-8-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kthread: add kthread_destroy_worker()

The current kthread worker users call flush() and stop() explicitly.
This function does the same plus it frees the kthread_worker struct
in one call.

It is supposed to be used together with kthread_create_worker*() that
allocates struct kthread_worker.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470754545-17632-7-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kthread: add kthread_create_worker*()

Kthread workers are currently created using the classic kthread API,
namely kthread_run().  kthread_worker_fn() is passed as the @threadfn
parameter.

This patch defines kthread_create_worker() and
kthread_create_worker_on_cpu() functions that hide implementation details.

They enforce using kthread_worker_fn() for the main thread.  But I doubt
that there are any plans to create any alternative.  In fact, I think that
we do not want any alternative main thread because it would be hard to
support consistency with the rest of the kthread worker API.

The naming and function of kthread_create_worker() is inspired by the
workqueues API like the rest of the kthread worker API.

The kthread_create_worker_on_cpu() variant is motivated by the original
kthread_create_on_cpu().  Note that we need to bind per-CPU kthread
workers already when they are created.  It makes the life easier.
kthread_bind() could not be used later for an already running worker.

This patch does _not_ convert existing kthread workers.  The kthread
worker API need more improvements first, e.g.  a function to destroy the
worker.

IMPORTANT:

kthread_create_worker_on_cpu() allows to use any format of the worker
name, in compare with kthread_create_on_cpu().  The good thing is that it
is more generic.  The bad thing is that most users will need to pass the
cpu number in two parameters, e.g.  kthread_create_worker_on_cpu(cpu,
"helper/%d", cpu).

To be honest, the main motivation was to avoid the need for an empty
va_list.  The only legal way was to create a helper function that would be
called with an empty list.  Other attempts caused compilation warnings or
even errors on different architectures.

There were also other alternatives, for example, using #define or
splitting __kthread_create_worker().  The used solution looked like the
least ugly.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470754545-17632-6-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kthread: allow to call __kthread_create_on_node() with va_list args

kthread_create_on_node() implements a bunch of logic to create the
kthread.  It is already called by kthread_create_on_cpu().

We are going to extend the kthread worker API and will need to call
kthread_create_on_node() with va_list args there.

This patch does only a refactoring and does not modify the existing
behavior.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470754545-17632-5-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kthread/smpboot: do not park in kthread_create_on_cpu()

kthread_create_on_cpu() was added by the commit 2a1d446019f9a5983e
("kthread: Implement park/unpark facility").  It is currently used only
when enabling new CPU.  For this purpose, the newly created kthread has to
be parked.

The CPU binding is a bit tricky.  The kthread is parked when the CPU has
not been allowed yet.  And the CPU is bound when the kthread is unparked.

The function would be useful for more per-CPU kthreads, e.g.
bnx2fc_thread, fcoethread.  For this purpose, the newly created kthread
should stay in the uninterruptible state.

This patch moves the parking into smpboot.  It binds the thread already
when created.  Then the function might be used universally.  Also the
behavior is consistent with kthread_create() and kthread_create_on_node().

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470754545-17632-4-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kthread: kthread worker API cleanup

A good practice is to prefix the names of functions by the name
of the subsystem.

The kthread worker API is a mix of classic kthreads and workqueues.  Each
worker has a dedicated kthread.  It runs a generic function that process
queued works.  It is implemented as part of the kthread subsystem.

This patch renames the existing kthread worker API to use
the corresponding name from the workqueues API prefixed by
kthread_:

__init_kthread_worker() -> __kthread_init_worker()
init_kthread_worker() -> kthread_init_worker()
init_kthread_work() -> kthread_init_work()
insert_kthread_work() -> kthread_insert_work()
queue_kthread_work() -> kthread_queue_work()
flush_kthread_work() -> kthread_flush_work()
flush_kthread_worker() -> kthread_flush_worker()

Note that the names of DEFINE_KTHREAD_WORK*() macros stay
as they are. It is common that the "DEFINE_" prefix has
precedence over the subsystem names.

Note that INIT() macros and init() functions use different
naming scheme. There is no good solution. There are several
reasons for this solution:

  + "init" in the function names stands for the verb "initialize"
    aka "initialize worker". While "INIT" in the macro names
    stands for the noun "INITIALIZER" aka "worker initializer".

  + INIT() macros are used only in DEFINE() macros

  + init() functions are used close to the other kthread()
    functions. It looks much better if all the functions
    use the same scheme.

  + There will be also kthread_destroy_worker() that will
    be used close to kthread_cancel_work(). It is related
    to the init() function. Again it looks better if all
    functions use the same naming scheme.

  + there are several precedents for such init() function
    names, e.g. amd_iommu_init_device(), free_area_init_node(),
    jump_label_init_type(),  regmap_init_mmio_clk(),

  + It is not an argument but it was inconsistent even before.

[arnd@arndb.de: fix linux-next merge conflict]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160908135724.1311726-1-arnd@arndb.de
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470754545-17632-3-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
Suggested-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kthread: rename probe_kthread_data() to kthread_probe_data()

Patch series "kthread: Kthread worker API improvements"

The intention of this patchset is to make it easier to manipulate and
maintain kthreads.  Especially, I want to replace all the custom main
cycles with a generic one.  Also I want to make the kthreads sleep in a
consistent state in a common place when there is no work.

This patch (of 11):

A good practice is to prefix the names of functions by the name of the
subsystem.

This patch fixes the name of probe_kthread_data().  The other wrong
functions names are part of the kthread worker API and will be fixed
separately.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470754545-17632-2-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Suggested-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

scripts/tags.sh: enable code completion in VIM

Vim, with the omnicppcomplete(#1) plugin, can do code completion using
information build by ctags.  Add flags needed by omnicppcomplete(#2) to
have completion on member of structure.

1: https://github.com/vim-scripts/omnicppcomplete
2: https://github.com/vim-scripts/OmniCppComplete/blob/master/doc/omnicppcomplete.txt#L93

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160830191546.4469-1-mathieu.maret@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Maret <mathieu.maret@gmail.com>
Cc: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: kmemleak: avoid using __va() on addresses that don't have a lowmem mapping

Some of the kmemleak_*() callbacks in memblock, bootmem, CMA convert a
physical address to a virtual one using __va().  However, such physical
addresses may sometimes be located in highmem and using __va() is
incorrect, leading to inconsistent object tracking in kmemleak.

The following functions have been added to the kmemleak API and they take
a physical address as the object pointer.  They only perform the
corresponding action if the address has a lowmem mapping:

kmemleak_alloc_phys
kmemleak_free_part_phys
kmemleak_not_leak_phys
kmemleak_ignore_phys

The affected calling places have been updated to use the new kmemleak
API.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1471531432-16503-1-git-send-email-catalin.marinas@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Reported-by: Vignesh R <vigneshr@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kdump, vmcoreinfo: report memory sections virtual addresses

KASLR memory randomization can randomize the base of the physical memory
mapping (PAGE_OFFSET), vmalloc (VMALLOC_START) and vmemmap
(VMEMMAP_START).  Adding these variables on VMCOREINFO so tools can easily
identify the base of each memory section.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1471531632-23003-1-git-send-email-thgarnie@google.com
Signed-off-by: Thomas Garnier <thgarnie@google.com>
Acked-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H . Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Xunlei Pang <xlpang@redhat.com>
Cc: HATAYAMA Daisuke <d.hatayama@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Eugene Surovegin <surovegin@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ipc/sem.c: add cond_resched in exit_sme

In CONFIG_PREEMPT=n kernel a softlockup was observed while the for loop in
exit_sem.  Apparently it's possible for the loop to take quite a long time
and it doesn't have a scheduling point in it.  Since the codes is
executing under an rcu read section this may also cause rcu stalls, which
in turn block synchronize_rcu operations, which more or less de-stabilises
the whole system.

Fix this by introducing a cond_resched() at the beginning of the loop.

So this patch fixes the following:

  NMI watchdog: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#10 stuck for 23s! [httpd:18119]
  CPU: 10 PID: 18119 Comm: httpd Tainted: G           O    4.4.20-clouder2 #6
  Hardware name: Supermicro X10DRi/X10DRi, BIOS 1.1 04/14/2015
  task: ffff88348d695280 ti: ffff881c95550000 task.ti: ffff881c95550000
  RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff81614bc7>]  [<ffffffff81614bc7>] _raw_spin_lock+0x17/0x30
  RSP: 0018:ffff881c95553e40  EFLAGS: 00000246
  RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff883161b1eea8 RCX: 000000000000000d
  RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 000000000000000e RDI: ffff883161b1eea4
  RBP: ffff881c95553ea0 R08: ffff881c95553e68 R09: ffff883fef376f88
  R10: ffff881fffb58c20 R11: ffffea0072556600 R12: ffff883161b1eea0
  R13: ffff88348d695280 R14: ffff883dec427000 R15: ffff8831621672a0
  FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff881fffb40000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
  CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
  CR2: 00007f3b3723e020 CR3: 0000000001c0a000 CR4: 00000000001406e0
  Call Trace:
    ? exit_sem+0x7c/0x280
    do_exit+0x338/0xb40
    do_group_exit+0x43/0xd0
    SyS_exit_group+0x14/0x20
    entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x16/0x6e

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1475154992-6363-1-git-send-email-kernel@kyup.com
Signed-off-by: Nikolay Borisov <kernel@kyup.com>
Cc: Herton R. Krzesinski <herton@redhat.com>
Cc: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ipc/msg: avoid waking sender upon full queue

Blocked tasks queued in q_senders waiting for their message to fit in the
queue are blindly awoken every time we think there's a remote chance this
might happen.  This could cause numerous (and expensive -- thundering
herd-ish) bogus wakeups if the queue is still really full.  Adding to the
scheduling cost/overhead, there's also the fact that we need to take the
ipc object lock and requeue ourselves in the q_senders list.

By keeping track of the blocked sender's message size, we can know
previously if the wakeup ought to occur or not.  Otherwise, to maintain
the current wakeup order we just move it to the tail.  This is exactly
what occurs right now if the sender needs to go back to sleep.

The case of EIDRM is left completely untouched, as we need to wakeup all
the tasks, and shouldn't be playing games in the first place.

This patch was seen to save on the 'msgctl10' ltp testcase ~15% in context
switches (avg out of ten runs).  Although these tests are really about
functionality (as opposed to performance), is does show the direct
benefits of the optimization.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1469748819-19484-6-git-send-email-dave@stgolabs.net
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Cc: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ipc/msg: make ss_wakeup() kill arg boolean

... 'tis annoying.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1469748819-19484-4-git-send-email-dave@stgolabs.net
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Cc: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ipc/msg: batch queue sender wakeups

Currently the use of wake_qs in sysv msg queues are only for the receiver
tasks that are blocked on the queue.  But blocked sender tasks (due to
queue size constraints) still are awoken with the ipc object lock held,
which can be a problem particularly for small sized queues and far from
gracious for -rt (just like it was for the receiver side).

The paths that actually wakeup a sender are obviously related to when we
are either getting rid of the queue or after (some) space is freed-up
after a receiver takes the msg (msgrcv).  Furthermore, with the exception
of msgrcv, we can always piggy-back on expunge_all that has its own tasks
lined-up for waking.  Finally, upon unlinking the message, it should be no
problem delaying the wakeups a bit until after we've released the lock.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1469748819-19484-3-git-send-email-dave@stgolabs.net
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Cc: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ipc/msg: implement lockless pipelined wakeups

This patch moves the wakeup_process() invocation so it is not done under
the ipc global lock by making use of a lockless wake_q.  With this change,
the waiter is woken up once the message has been assigned and it does not
need to loop on SMP if the message points to NULL.  In the signal case we
still need to check the pointer under the lock to verify the state.

This change should also avoid the introduction of preempt_disable() in -RT
which avoids a busy-loop which pools for the NULL -> !NULL change if the
waiter has a higher priority compared to the waker.

By making use of wake_qs, the logic of sysv msg queues is greatly
simplified (and very well suited as we can batch lockless wakeups),
particularly around the lockless receive algorithm.

This has been tested with Manred's pmsg-shared tool on a "AMD A10-7800
Radeon R7, 12 Compute Cores 4C+8G":

test             |   before   |   after    | diff
-----------------|------------|------------|----------
pmsg-shared 8 60 | 19,347,422 | 30,442,191 | + ~57.34 %
pmsg-shared 4 60 | 21,367,197 | 35,743,458 | + ~67.28 %
pmsg-shared 2 60 | 22,884,224 | 24,278,200 | +  ~6.09 %

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1469748819-19484-2-git-send-email-dave@stgolabs.net
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ipc/sem.c: fix complex_count vs. simple op race

Commit 6d07b68ce16a ("ipc/sem.c: optimize sem_lock()") introduced a
race:

sem_lock has a fast path that allows parallel simple operations.
There are two reasons why a simple operation cannot run in parallel:
 - a non-simple operations is ongoing (sma->sem_perm.lock held)
 - a complex operation is sleeping (sma->complex_count != 0)

As both facts are stored independently, a thread can bypass the current
checks by sleeping in the right positions.  See below for more details
(or kernel bugzilla 105651).

The patch fixes that by creating one variable (complex_mode)
that tracks both reasons why parallel operations are not possible.

The patch also updates stale documentation regarding the locking.

With regards to stable kernels:
The patch is required for all kernels that include the
commit 6d07b68ce16a ("ipc/sem.c: optimize sem_lock()") (3.10?)

The alternative is to revert the patch that introduced the race.

The patch is safe for backporting, i.e. it makes no assumptions
about memory barriers in spin_unlock_wait().

Background:
Here is the race of the current implementation:

Thread A: (simple op)
- does the first "sma->complex_count == 0" test

Thread B: (complex op)
- does sem_lock(): This includes an array scan. But the scan can't
  find Thread A, because Thread A does not own sem->lock yet.
- the thread does the operation, increases complex_count,
  drops sem_lock, sleeps

Thread A:
- spin_lock(&sem->lock), spin_is_locked(sma->sem_perm.lock)
- sleeps before the complex_count test

Thread C: (complex op)
- does sem_lock (no array scan, complex_count==1)
- wakes up Thread B.
- decrements complex_count

Thread A:
- does the complex_count test

Bug:
Now both thread A and thread C operate on the same array, without
any synchronization.

Fixes: 6d07b68ce16a ("ipc/sem.c: optimize sem_lock()")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1469123695-5661-1-git-send-email-manfred@colorfullife.com
Reported-by: <felixh@informatik.uni-bremen.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: <1vier1@web.de>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [3.10+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kcov: do not instrument lib/stackdepot.c

There's no point in collecting coverage from lib/stackdepot.c, as it is
not a function of syscall inputs.  Disabling kcov instrumentation for that
file will reduce the coverage noise level.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1474640972-104131-1-git-send-email-glider@google.com
Signed-off-by: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Acked-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Kostya Serebryany <kcc@google.com>
Cc: Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@google.com>
Cc: syzkaller <syzkaller@googlegroups.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

config: android: enable CONFIG_SECCOMP

As of Android N, SECCOMP is required. Without it, we will get
mediaextractor error:

E /system/bin/mediaextractor: libminijail: prctl(PR_SET_SECCOMP, SECCOMP_MODE_FILTER): Invalid argument

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160908185934.18098-3-robh@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Acked-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Cc: Amit Pundir <amit.pundir@linaro.org>
Cc: Dmitry Shmidt <dimitrysh@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

config: android: set SELinux as default security mode

Android won't boot without SELinux enabled, so make it the default.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160908185934.18098-2-robh@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

config: android: move device mapper options to recommended

CONFIG_MD is in recommended, but other dependent options like DM_CRYPT and
DM_VERITY options are in base.  The result is the options in base don't
get enabled when applying both base and recommended fragments.  Move all
the options to recommended.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160908185934.18098-1-robh@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Acked-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Cc: Amit Pundir <amit.pundir@linaro.org>
Cc: Dmitry Shmidt <dimitrysh@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

config/android: Remove CONFIG_IPV6_PRIVACY

Option is long gone, see commit 5d9efa7ee99e ("ipv6: Remove privacy
config option.")

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160811170340.9859-1-bp@alien8.de
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

relay: Use irq_work instead of plain timer for deferred wakeup

Relay avoids calling wake_up_interruptible() for doing the wakeup of
readers/consumers, waiting for the generation of new data, from the
context of a process which produced the data.  This is apparently done to
prevent the possibility of a deadlock in case Scheduler itself is is
generating data for the relay, after acquiring rq->lock.

The following patch used a timer (to be scheduled at next jiffy), for
delegating the wakeup to another context.
commit 7c9cb38302e78d24e37f7d8a2ea7eed4ae5f2fa7
Author: Tom Zanussi <zanussi@comcast.net>
Date:   Wed May 9 02:34:01 2007 -0700

relay: use plain timer instead of delayed work

relay doesn't need to use schedule_delayed_work() for waking readers
when a simple timer will do.

Scheduling a plain timer, at next jiffies boundary, to do the wakeup
causes a significant wakeup latency for the Userspace client, which makes
relay less suitable for the high-frequency low-payload use cases where the
data gets generated at a very high rate, like multiple sub buffers getting
filled within a milli second.  Moreover the timer is re-scheduled on every
newly produced sub buffer so the timer keeps getting pushed out if sub
buffers are filled in a very quick succession (less than a jiffy gap
between filling of 2 sub buffers).  As a result relay runs out of sub
buffers to store the new data.

By using irq_work it is ensured that wakeup of userspace client, blocked
in the poll call, is done at earliest (through self IPI or next timer
tick) enabling it to always consume the data in time.  Also this makes
relay consistent with printk & ring buffers (trace), as they too use
irq_work for deferred wake up of readers.

[arnd@arndb.de: select CONFIG_IRQ_WORK]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160912154035.3222156-1-arnd@arndb.de
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472906487-1559-1-git-send-email-akash.goel@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Akash Goel <akash.goel@intel.com>
Cc: Tom Zanussi <tzanussi@gmail.com>
Cc: Chris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
Cc: Tvrtko Ursulin <tvrtko.ursulin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

pps: kc: fix non-tickless system config dependency

CONFIG_NO_HZ currently only sets the default value of dynticks config so
if PPS kernel consumer needs periodic timer ticks it should depend on
!CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON instead of !CONFIG_NO_HZ.

Otherwise it is possible to enable it even on tickless system which has
CONFIG_NO_HZ not set and CONFIG_NO_HZ_IDLE (or CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL) set.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/57E2B769.50202@maciej.szmigiero.name
Signed-off-by: Maciej S. Szmigiero <mail@maciej.szmigiero.name>
Acked-by: Rodolfo Giometti <giometti@enneenne.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mips/panic: replace smp_send_stop() with kdump friendly version in panic path

Daniel Walker reported problems which happens when
crash_kexec_post_notifiers kernel option is enabled
(https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/6/24/44).

In that case, smp_send_stop() is called before entering kdump routines
which assume other CPUs are still online.  As the result, kdump
routines fail to save other CPUs' registers.  Additionally for MIPS
OCTEON, it misses to stop the watchdog timer.

To fix this problem, call a new kdump friendly function,
crash_smp_send_stop(), instead of the smp_send_stop() when
crash_kexec_post_notifiers is enabled.  crash_smp_send_stop() is a
weak function, and it just call smp_send_stop().  Architecture
codes should override it so that kdump can work appropriately.
This patch provides MIPS version.

Fixes: f06e5153f4ae (kernel/panic.c: add "crash_kexec_post_notifiers" option)
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160810080950.11028.28000.stgit@sysi4-13.yrl.intra.hitachi.co.jp
Signed-off-by: Hidehiro Kawai <hidehiro.kawai.ez@hitachi.com>
Reported-by: Daniel Walker <dwalker@fifo99.com>
Cc: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Cc: Daniel Walker <dwalker@fifo99.com>
Cc: Xunlei Pang <xpang@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: David Daney <david.daney@cavium.com>
Cc: Aaro Koskinen <aaro.koskinen@iki.fi>
Cc: "Steven J. Hill" <steven.hill@cavium.com>
Cc: Corey Minyard <cminyard@mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

x86/panic: replace smp_send_stop() with kdump friendly version in panic path

Daniel Walker reported problems which happens when
crash_kexec_post_notifiers kernel option is enabled
(https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/6/24/44).

In that case, smp_send_stop() is called before entering kdump routines
which assume other CPUs are still online.  As the result, for x86, kdump
routines fail to save other CPUs' registers and disable virtualization
extensions.

To fix this problem, call a new kdump friendly function,
crash_smp_send_stop(), instead of the smp_send_stop() when
crash_kexec_post_notifiers is enabled.  crash_smp_send_stop() is a weak
function, and it just call smp_send_stop().  Architecture codes should
override it so that kdump can work appropriately.  This patch only
provides x86-specific version.

For Xen's PV kernel, just keep the current behavior.

NOTES:

- Right solution would be to place crash_smp_send_stop() before
  __crash_kexec() invocation in all cases and remove smp_send_stop(), but
  we can't do that until all architectures implement own
  crash_smp_send_stop()

- crash_smp_send_stop()-like work is still needed by
  machine_crash_shutdown() because crash_kexec() can be called without
  entering panic()

Fixes: f06e5153f4ae (kernel/panic.c: add "crash_kexec_post_notifiers" option)
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160810080948.11028.15344.stgit@sysi4-13.yrl.intra.hitachi.co.jp
Signed-off-by: Hidehiro Kawai <hidehiro.kawai.ez@hitachi.com>
Reported-by: Daniel Walker <dwalker@fifo99.com>
Cc: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Cc: Daniel Walker <dwalker@fifo99.com>
Cc: Xunlei Pang <xpang@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: David Daney <david.daney@cavium.com>
Cc: Aaro Koskinen <aaro.koskinen@iki.fi>
Cc: "Steven J. Hill" <steven.hill@cavium.com>
Cc: Corey Minyard <cminyard@mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

nvme: use the DMA_ATTR_NO_WARN attribute

Use the DMA_ATTR_NO_WARN attribute for the dma_map_sg() call of the nvme
driver that returns BLK_MQ_RQ_QUEUE_BUSY (not for BLK_MQ_RQ_QUEUE_ERROR).

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470092390-25451-4-git-send-email-mauricfo@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Mauricio Faria de Oliveira <mauricfo@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Gabriel Krisman Bertazi <krisman@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Keith Busch <keith.busch@intel.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Krzysztof Kozlowski <k.kozlowski@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

powerpc: implement the DMA_ATTR_NO_WARN attribute

Add support for the DMA_ATTR_NO_WARN attribute on powerpc iommu code.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470092390-25451-3-git-send-email-mauricfo@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Mauricio Faria de Oliveira <mauricfo@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Keith Busch <keith.busch@intel.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Krzysztof Kozlowski <k.kozlowski@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

dma-mapping: introduce the DMA_ATTR_NO_WARN attribute

Introduce the DMA_ATTR_NO_WARN attribute, and document it.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470092390-25451-2-git-send-email-mauricfo@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Mauricio Faria de Oliveira <mauricfo@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Keith Busch <keith.busch@intel.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Krzysztof Kozlowski <k.kozlowski@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

random: remove unused randomize_range()

All call sites for randomize_range have been updated to use the much
simpler and more robust randomize_addr().  Remove the now unnecessary
code.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160803233913.32511-8-jason@lakedaemon.net
Signed-off-by: Jason Cooper <jason@lakedaemon.net>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

unicore32: use simpler API for random address requests

Currently, all callers to randomize_range() set the length to 0 and
calculate end by adding a constant to the start address.  We can simplify
the API to remove a bunch of needless checks and variables.

Use the new randomize_addr(start, range) call to set the requested
address.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160803233913.32511-7-jason@lakedaemon.net
Signed-off-by: Jason Cooper <jason@lakedaemon.net>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@mprc.pku.edu.cn>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

tile: use simpler API for random address requests

Currently, all callers to randomize_range() set the length to 0 and
calculate end by adding a constant to the start address.  We can simplify
the API to remove a bunch of needless checks and variables.

Use the new randomize_addr(start, range) call to set the requested
address.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160803233913.32511-6-jason@lakedaemon.net
Signed-off-by: Jason Cooper <jason@lakedaemon.net>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

arm64: use simpler API for random address requests

Currently, all callers to randomize_range() set the length to 0 and
calculate end by adding a constant to the start address.  We can simplify
the API to remove a bunch of needless checks and variables.

Use the new randomize_addr(start, range) call to set the requested
address.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160803233913.32511-5-jason@lakedaemon.net
Signed-off-by: Jason Cooper <jason@lakedaemon.net>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: "Russell King - ARM Linux" <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ARM: use simpler API for random address requests

Currently, all callers to randomize_range() set the length to 0 and
calculate end by adding a constant to the start address.  We can simplify
the API to remove a bunch of needless checks and variables.

Use the new randomize_addr(start, range) call to set the requested
address.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160803233913.32511-4-jason@lakedaemon.net
Signed-off-by: Jason Cooper <jason@lakedaemon.net>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: "Russell King - ARM Linux" <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

x86: use simpler API for random address requests

Currently, all callers to randomize_range() set the length to 0 and
calculate end by adding a constant to the start address.  We can simplify
the API to remove a bunch of needless checks and variables.

Use the new randomize_addr(start, range) call to set the requested
address.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160803233913.32511-3-jason@lakedaemon.net
Signed-off-by: Jason Cooper <jason@lakedaemon.net>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H . Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

random: simplify API for random address requests

To date, all callers of randomize_range() have set the length to 0, and
check for a zero return value.  For the current callers, the only way to
get zero returned is if end <= start.  Since they are all adding a
constant to the start address, this is unnecessary.

We can remove a bunch of needless checks by simplifying the API to do just
what everyone wants, return an address between [start, start + range).

While we're here, s/get_random_int/get_random_long/.  No current call site
is adversely affected by get_random_int(), since all current range
requests are < UINT_MAX.  However, we should match caller expectations to
avoid coming up short (ha!) in the future.

All current callers to randomize_range() chose to use the start address if
randomize_range() failed.  Therefore, we simplify things by just returning
the start address on error.

randomize_range() will be removed once all callers have been converted
over to randomize_addr().

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160803233913.32511-2-jason@lakedaemon.net
Signed-off-by: Jason Cooper <jason@lakedaemon.net>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: "Roberts, William C" <william.c.roberts@intel.com>
Cc: Yann Droneaud <ydroneaud@opteya.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H . Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Nick Kralevich <nnk@google.com>
Cc: Jeffrey Vander Stoep <jeffv@google.com>
Cc: Daniel Cashman <dcashman@android.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@mprc.pku.edu.cn>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

rapidio/rio_cm: use memdup_user() instead of duplicating code

Fix coccinelle warning about duplicating existing memdup_user function.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160811151737.20140-1-alexandre.bounine@idt.com
Link: https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/8/11/29
Signed-off-by: Alexandre Bounine <alexandre.bounine@idt.com>
Reported-by: kbuild test robot <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Matt Porter <mporter@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Andre van Herk <andre.van.herk@prodrive-technologies.com>
Cc: Barry Wood <barry.wood@idt.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ptrace: clear TIF_SYSCALL_TRACE on ptrace detach

On __ptrace_detach(), called from do_exit()->exit_notify()->
forget_original_parent()->exit_ptrace(), the TIF_SYSCALL_TRACE in
thread->flags of the tracee is not cleared up.  This results in the
tracehook_report_syscall_* being called (though there's no longer a tracer
listening to that) upon its further syscalls.

Example scenario - attach "strace" to a running process and kill it (the
strace) with SIGKILL.  You'll see that the syscall trace hooks are still
being called.

The clearing of this flag should be moved from ptrace_detach() to
__ptrace_detach().

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472759493-20554-1-git-send-email-alnovak@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Ales Novak <alnovak@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

pipe: cap initial pipe capacity according to pipe-max-size limit

This is a patch that provides behavior that is more consistent, and
probably less surprising to users. I consider the change optional, and
welcome opinions about whether it should be applied.

By default, pipes are created with a capacity of 64 kiB.  However,
/proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-size may be set smaller than this value.  In this
scenario, an unprivileged user could thus create a pipe whose initial
capacity exceeds the limit. Therefore, it seems logical to cap the
initial pipe capacity according to the value of pipe-max-size.

The test program shown earlier in this patch series can be used to
demonstrate the effect of the change brought about with this patch:

    # cat /proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-size
    1048576
    # sudo -u mtk ./test_F_SETPIPE_SZ 1
    Initial pipe capacity: 65536
    # echo 10000 > /proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-size
    # cat /proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-size
    16384
    # sudo -u mtk ./test_F_SETPIPE_SZ 1
    Initial pipe capacity: 16384
    # ./test_F_SETPIPE_SZ 1
    Initial pipe capacity: 65536

The last two executions of 'test_F_SETPIPE_SZ' show that pipe-max-size
caps the initial allocation for a new pipe for unprivileged users, but
not for privileged users.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/31dc7064-2a17-9c5b-1df1-4e3012ee992c@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com>
Cc: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
Cc: <socketpair@gmail.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

pipe: make account_pipe_buffers() return a value, and use it

This is an optional patch, to provide a small performance
improvement.  Alter account_pipe_buffers() so that it returns the
new value in user->pipe_bufs. This means that we can refactor
too_many_pipe_buffers_soft() and too_many_pipe_buffers_hard() to
avoid the costs of repeated use of atomic_long_read() to get the
value user->pipe_bufs.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/93e5f193-1e5e-3e1f-3a20-eae79b7e1310@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com>
Cc: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
Cc: <socketpair@gmail.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

pipe: fix limit checking in alloc_pipe_info()

The limit checking in alloc_pipe_info() (used by pipe(2) and when
opening a FIFO) has the following problems:

(1) When checking capacity required for the new pipe, the checks against
    the limit in /proc/sys/fs/pipe-user-pages-{soft,hard} are made
    against existing consumption, and exclude the memory required for
    the new pipe capacity. As a consequence: (1) the memory allocation
    throttling provided by the soft limit does not kick in quite as
    early as it should, and (2) the user can overrun the hard limit.

(2) As currently implemented, accounting and checking against the limits
    is done as follows:

    (a) Test whether the user has exceeded the limit.
    (b) Make new pipe buffer allocation.
    (c) Account new allocation against the limits.

    This is racey. Multiple processes may pass point (a) simultaneously,
    and then allocate pipe buffers that are accounted for only in step
    (c).  The race means that the user's pipe buffer allocation could be
    pushed over the limit (by an arbitrary amount, depending on how
    unlucky we were in the race). [Thanks to Vegard Nossum for spotting
    this point, which I had missed.]

This patch addresses the above problems as follows:

* Alter the checks against limits to include the memory required for the
  new pipe.
* Re-order the accounting step so that it precedes the buffer allocation.
  If the accounting step determines that a limit has been reached, revert
  the accounting and cause the operation to fail.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/8ff3e9f9-23f6-510c-644f-8e70cd1c0bd9@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com>
Cc: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
Cc: <socketpair@gmail.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

pipe: simplify logic in alloc_pipe_info()

Replace an 'if' block that covers most of the code in this function
with a 'goto'. This makes the code a little simpler to read, and also
simplifies the next patch (fix limit checking in alloc_pipe_info())

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/aef030c1-0257-98a9-4988-186efa48530c@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com>
Cc: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
Cc: <socketpair@gmail.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

pipe: fix limit checking in pipe_set_size()

The limit checking in pipe_set_size() (used by fcntl(F_SETPIPE_SZ))
has the following problems:

(1) When increasing the pipe capacity, the checks against the limits in
    /proc/sys/fs/pipe-user-pages-{soft,hard} are made against existing
    consumption, and exclude the memory required for the increased pipe
    capacity. The new increase in pipe capacity can then push the total
    memory used by the user for pipes (possibly far) over a limit. This
    can also trigger the problem described next.

(2) The limit checks are performed even when the new pipe capacity is
    less than the existing pipe capacity. This can lead to problems if a
    user sets a large pipe capacity, and then the limits are lowered,
    with the result that the user will no longer be able to decrease the
    pipe capacity.

(3) As currently implemented, accounting and checking against the
    limits is done as follows:

    (a) Test whether the user has exceeded the limit.
    (b) Make new pipe buffer allocation.
    (c) Account new allocation against the limits.

    This is racey. Multiple processes may pass point (a)
    simultaneously, and then allocate pipe buffers that are accounted
    for only in step (c).  The race means that the user's pipe buffer
    allocation could be pushed over the limit (by an arbitrary amount,
    depending on how unlucky we were in the race). [Thanks to Vegard
    Nossum for spotting this point, which I had missed.]

This patch addresses the above problems as follows:

* Perform checks against the limits only when increasing a pipe's
  capacity; an unprivileged user can always decrease a pipe's capacity.
* Alter the checks against limits to include the memory required for
  the new pipe capacity.
* Re-order the accounting step so that it precedes the buffer
  allocation. If the accounting step determines that a limit has
  been reached, revert the accounting and cause the operation to fail.

The program below can be used to demonstrate problems 1 and 2, and the
effect of the fix. The program takes one or more command-line arguments.
The first argument specifies the number of pipes that the program should
create. The remaining arguments are, alternately, pipe capacities that
should be set using fcntl(F_SETPIPE_SZ), and sleep intervals (in
seconds) between the fcntl() operations. (The sleep intervals allow the
possibility to change the limits between fcntl() operations.)

Problem 1
=========

Using the test program on an unpatched kernel, we first set some
limits:

    # echo 0 > /proc/sys/fs/pipe-user-pages-soft
    # echo 1000000000 > /proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-size
    # echo 10000 > /proc/sys/fs/pipe-user-pages-hard    # 40.96 MB

Then show that we can set a pipe with capacity (100MB) that is
over the hard limit

    # sudo -u mtk ./test_F_SETPIPE_SZ 1 100000000
    Initial pipe capacity: 65536
        Loop 1: set pipe capacity to 100000000 bytes
            F_SETPIPE_SZ returned 134217728

Now set the capacity to 100MB twice. The second call fails (which is
probably surprising to most users, since it seems like a no-op):

    # sudo -u mtk ./test_F_SETPIPE_SZ 1 100000000 0 100000000
    Initial pipe capacity: 65536
        Loop 1: set pipe capacity to 100000000 bytes
            F_SETPIPE_SZ returned 134217728
        Loop 2: set pipe capacity to 100000000 bytes
            Loop 2, pipe 0: F_SETPIPE_SZ failed: fcntl: Operation not permitted

With a patched kernel, setting a capacity over the limit fails at the
first attempt:

    # echo 0 > /proc/sys/fs/pipe-user-pages-soft
    # echo 1000000000 > /proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-size
    # echo 10000 > /proc/sys/fs/pipe-user-pages-hard
    # sudo -u mtk ./test_F_SETPIPE_SZ 1 100000000
    Initial pipe capacity: 65536
        Loop 1: set pipe capacity to 100000000 bytes
            Loop 1, pipe 0: F_SETPIPE_SZ failed: fcntl: Operation not permitted

There is a small chance that the change to fix this problem could
break user-space, since there are cases where fcntl(F_SETPIPE_SZ)
calls that previously succeeded might fail. However, the chances are
small, since (a) the pipe-user-pages-{soft,hard} limits are new (in
4.5), and the default soft/hard limits are high/unlimited.  Therefore,
it seems warranted to make these limits operate more precisely (and
behave more like what users probably expect).

Problem 2
=========

Running the test program on an unpatched kernel, we first set some limits:

    # getconf PAGESIZE
    4096
    # echo 0 > /proc/sys/fs/pipe-user-pages-soft
    # echo 1000000000 > /proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-size
    # echo 10000 > /proc/sys/fs/pipe-user-pages-hard    # 40.96 MB

Now perform two fcntl(F_SETPIPE_SZ) operations on a single pipe,
first setting a pipe capacity (10MB), sleeping for a few seconds,
during which time the hard limit is lowered, and then set pipe
capacity to a smaller amount (5MB):

    # sudo -u mtk ./test_F_SETPIPE_SZ 1 10000000 15 5000000 &
    [1] 748
    # Initial pipe capacity: 65536
        Loop 1: set pipe capacity to 10000000 bytes
            F_SETPIPE_SZ returned 16777216
            Sleeping 15 seconds

    # echo 1000 > /proc/sys/fs/pipe-user-pages-hard      # 4.096 MB
    #     Loop 2: set pipe capacity to 5000000 bytes
            Loop 2, pipe 0: F_SETPIPE_SZ failed: fcntl: Operation not permitted

In this case, the user should be able to lower the limit.

With a kernel that has the patch below, the second fcntl()
succeeds:

    # echo 0 > /proc/sys/fs/pipe-user-pages-soft
    # echo 1000000000 > /proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-size
    # echo 10000 > /proc/sys/fs/pipe-user-pages-hard
    # sudo -u mtk ./test_F_SETPIPE_SZ 1 10000000 15 5000000 &
    [1] 3215
    # Initial pipe capacity: 65536
    #     Loop 1: set pipe capacity to 10000000 bytes
            F_SETPIPE_SZ returned 16777216
            Sleeping 15 seconds

    # echo 1000 > /proc/sys/fs/pipe-user-pages-hard

    #     Loop 2: set pipe capacity to 5000000 bytes
            F_SETPIPE_SZ returned 8388608

8x---8x---8x---8x---8x---8x---8x---8x---8x---8x---8x---8x---8x---8x---

/* test_F_SETPIPE_SZ.c

   (C) 2016, Michael Kerrisk; licensed under GNU GPL version 2 or later

   Test operation of fcntl(F_SETPIPE_SZ) for setting pipe capacity
   and interactions with limits defined by /proc/sys/fs/pipe-* files.
*/

#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int (*pfd)[2];
    int npipes;
    int pcap, rcap;
    int j, p, s, stime, loop;

    if (argc < 2) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s num-pipes "
                "[pipe-capacity sleep-time]...\n", argv[0]);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    npipes = atoi(argv[1]);

    pfd = calloc(npipes, sizeof (int [2]));
    if (pfd == NULL) {
        perror("calloc");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    for (j = 0; j < npipes; j++) {
        if (pipe(pfd[j]) == -1) {
            fprintf(stderr, "Loop %d: pipe() failed: ", j);
            perror("pipe");
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
    }

    printf("Initial pipe capacity: %d\n", fcntl(pfd[0][0], F_GETPIPE_SZ));

    for (j = 2; j < argc; j += 2 ) {
        loop = j / 2;
        pcap = atoi(argv[j]);
        printf("    Loop %d: set pipe capacity to %d bytes\n", loop, pcap);

        for (p = 0; p < npipes; p++) {
            s = fcntl(pfd[p][0], F_SETPIPE_SZ, pcap);
            if (s == -1) {
                fprintf(stderr, "        Loop %d, pipe %d: F_SETPIPE_SZ "
                        "failed: ", loop, p);
                perror("fcntl");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
            }

            if (p == 0) {
                printf("        F_SETPIPE_SZ returned %d\n", s);
                rcap = s;
            } else {
                if (s != rcap) {
                    fprintf(stderr, "        Loop %d, pipe %d: F_SETPIPE_SZ "
                            "unexpected return: %d\n", loop, p, s);
                    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
            }

            stime = (j + 1 < argc) ? atoi(argv[j + 1]) : 0;
            if (stime > 0) {
                printf("        Sleeping %d seconds\n", stime);
                sleep(stime);
            }
        }
    }

    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

8x---8x---8x---8x---8x---8x---8x---8x---8x---8x---8x---8x---8x---8x---

Patch history:

v2
   * Switch order of test in 'if' statement to avoid function call
      (to capability()) in normal path. [This is a fix to a preexisting
      wart in the code. Thanks to Willy Tarreau]
    * Perform (size > pipe_max_size) check before calling
      account_pipe_buffers().  [Thanks to Vegard Nossum]
      Quoting Vegard:

        The potential problem happens if the user passes a very large number
        which will overflow pipe->user->pipe_bufs.

        On 32-bit, sizeof(int) == sizeof(long), so if they pass arg = INT_MAX
        then round_pipe_size() returns INT_MAX. Although it's true that the
        accounting is done in terms of pages and not bytes, so you'd need on
        the order of (1 << 13) = 8192 processes hitting the limit at the same
        time in order to make it overflow, which seems a bit unlikely.

        (See https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/8/12/215 for another discussion on the
        limit checking)

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1e464945-536b-2420-798b-e77b9c7e8593@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com>
Cc: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
Cc: <socketpair@gmail.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

pipe: refactor argument for account_pipe_buffers()

This is a preparatory patch for following work. account_pipe_buffers()
performs accounting in the 'user_struct'. There is no need to pass a
pointer to a 'pipe_inode_info' struct (which is then dereferenced to
obtain a pointer to the 'user' field). Instead, pass a pointer directly
to the 'user_struct'. This change is needed in preparation for a
subsequent patch that the fixes the limit checking in alloc_pipe_info()
(and the resulting code is a little more logical).

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/7277bf8c-a6fc-4a7d-659c-f5b145c981ab@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com>
Cc: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
Cc: <socketpair@gmail.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

pipe: move limit checking logic into pipe_set_size()

This is a preparatory patch for following work. Move the F_SETPIPE_SZ
limit-checking logic from pipe_fcntl() into pipe_set_size().  This
simplifies the code a little, and allows for reworking required in
a later patch that fixes the limit checking in pipe_set_size()

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/3701b2c5-2c52-2c3e-226d-29b9deb29b50@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com>
Cc: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
Cc: <socketpair@gmail.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

pipe: relocate round_pipe_size() above pipe_set_size()

Patch series "pipe: fix limit handling", v2.

When changing a pipe's capacity with fcntl(F_SETPIPE_SZ), various limits
defined by /proc/sys/fs/pipe-* files are checked to see if unprivileged
users are exceeding limits on memory consumption.

While documenting and testing the operation of these limits I noticed
that, as currently implemented, these checks have a number of problems:

(1) When increasing the pipe capacity, the checks against the limits
    in /proc/sys/fs/pipe-user-pages-{soft,hard} are made against
    existing consumption, and exclude the memory required for the
    increased pipe capacity. The new increase in pipe capacity can then
    push the total memory used by the user for pipes (possibly far) over
    a limit. This can also trigger the problem described next.

(2) The limit checks are performed even when the new pipe capacity
    is less than the existing pipe capacity. This can lead to problems
    if a user sets a large pipe capacity, and then the limits are
    lowered, with the result that the user will no longer be able to
    decrease the pipe capacity.

(3) As currently implemented, accounting and checking against the
    limits is done as follows:

    (a) Test whether the user has exceeded the limit.
    (b) Make new pipe buffer allocation.
    (c) Account new allocation against the limits.

    This is racey. Multiple processes may pass point (a) simultaneously,
    and then allocate pipe buffers that are accounted for only in step
    (c).  The race means that the user's pipe buffer allocation could be
    pushed over the limit (by an arbitrary amount, depending on how
    unlucky we were in the race). [Thanks to Vegard Nossum for spotting
    this point, which I had missed.]

This patch series addresses these three problems.

This patch (of 8):

This is a minor preparatory patch.  After subsequent patches,
round_pipe_size() will be called from pipe_set_size(), so place
round_pipe_size() above pipe_set_size().

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/91a91fdb-a959-ba7f-b551-b62477cc98a1@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com>
Cc: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
Cc: <socketpair@gmail.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

autofs: refactor ioctl fn vector in iookup_dev_ioctl()

cmd part of this struct is the same as an index of itself within
_ioctls[]. In fact this cmd is unused, so we can drop this part.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160831033414.9910.66697.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Kusumi <kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

autofs: remove possibly misleading /* #define DEBUG */

Having this in autofs_i.h gives illusion that uncommenting this enables
pr_debug(), but it doesn't enable all the pr_debug() in autofs because
inclusion order matters.

XFS has the same DEBUG macro in its core header fs/xfs/xfs.h, however XFS
seems to have a rule to include this prior to other XFS headers as well as
kernel headers.  This is not the case with autofs, and DEBUG could be
enabled via Makefile, so autofs should just get rid of this comment to
make the code less confusing.  It's a comment, so there is literally no
functional difference.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160831033409.9910.77067.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Kusumi <kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

autofs4: move linux/auto_dev-ioctl.h to uapi/linux

Since linux/auto_dev-ioctl.h wasn't included in include/linux/Kbuild
it wasn't moved to uapi/linux as part of the uapi series.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160812024901.12352.10984.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Cc: Tomohiro Kusumi <kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

autofs: move inclusion of linux/limits.h to uapi

linux/limits.h should be included by uapi instead of linux/auto_fs.h
so as not to cause compile error in userspace.

 # cat << EOF > ./test1.c
 > #include <stdio.h>
 > #include <linux/auto_fs.h>
 > int main(void) {
 >     return 0;
 > }
 > EOF
 # gcc -Wall -g ./test1.c
 In file included from ./test1.c:2:0:
 /usr/include/linux/auto_fs.h:54:12: error: 'NAME_MAX' undeclared here (not in a function)
   char name[NAME_MAX+1];
             ^

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160812024856.12352.24092.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Kusumi <kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <ikent@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

autofs: fix print format for ioctl warning message

All other warnings use "cmd(0x%08x)" and this is the only one with
"cmd(%d)".  (below comes from my userspace debug program, but not
automount daemon)

[ 1139.905676] autofs4:pid:1640:check_dev_ioctl_version: ioctl control interface version mismatch: kernel(1.0), user(0.0), cmd(-1072131215)

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160812024851.12352.75458.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Kusumi <kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <ikent@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

autofs: add autofs_dev_ioctl_version() for AUTOFS_DEV_IOCTL_VERSION_CMD

No functional changes, based on the following justification.

1. Make the code more consistent using the ioctl vector _ioctls[],
   rather than assigning NULL only for this ioctl command.
2. Remove goto done; for better maintainability in the long run.
3. The existing code is based on the fact that validate_dev_ioctl()
   sets ioctl version for any command, but AUTOFS_DEV_IOCTL_VERSION_CMD
   should explicitly set it regardless of the default behavior.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160812024846.12352.9885.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Kusumi <kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <ikent@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

autofs: fix dev ioctl number range check

The count of miscellaneous device ioctls in fs/autofs4/autofs_i.h is wrong.

The number of ioctls is the difference between AUTOFS_DEV_IOCTL_VERSION_CMD
and AUTOFS_DEV_IOCTL_ISMOUNTPOINT_CMD (14) not the difference between
AUTOFS_IOC_COUNT and 11 (21).

[kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com: fix typo that made the count macro negative]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160831033420.9910.16809.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160812024841.12352.11975.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Cc: Tomohiro Kusumi <kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

autofs: fix pr_debug() message

This isn't a return value, so change the message to indicate the status is
the result of may_umount().

(or locate pr_debug() after put_user() with the same message)

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160812024836.12352.74628.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Kusumi <kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <ikent@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

autofs: update struct autofs_dev_ioctl in Documentation

Sync with changes made by commit 730c9eeca980 ("autofs4: improve
parameter usage") which introduced an union for various ioctl commands
instead of having statically named arg1,2.

This commit simply replaces arg1,2 with the corresponding fields without
changing semantics.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160812024831.12352.24667.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Kusumi <kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <ikent@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

autofs: fix Documentation regarding devid on ioctl

The explanation on how ioctl handles devid seems incorrect.  Userspace who
calls this ioctl has no input regarding devid, and ioctl implementation
retrieves devid via superblock.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160812024825.12352.13486.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Kusumi <kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <ikent@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

autofs: remove AUTOFS_DEVID_LEN

This macro was never used by neither kernel nor userspace, and also
doesn't represent "devid length" in bytes.  (unless it was added to mean
something else).

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160812024820.12352.21210.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Kusumi <kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <ikent@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

autofs: don't fail to free_dev_ioctl(param)

Returning -ENOTTY here fails to free dynamically allocated param.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160812024815.12352.69153.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Kusumi <kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <ikent@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

autofs: remove obsolete sb fields

These two were left from commit aa55ddf340c9 ("autofs4: remove unused
ioctls") which removed unused ioctls.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160812024810.12352.96377.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Kusumi <kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <ikent@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

autofs: use autofs4_free_ino() to kfree dentry data

kfree dentry data allocated by autofs4_new_ino() with autofs4_free_ino()
instead of raw kfree.  (since we have the interface to free autofs_info*)

This patch was modified to remove the need to set the dentry info field to
NULL dew to a change in the previous patch.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160812024805.12352.43650.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Kusumi <kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

autofs: remove ino free in autofs4_dir_symlink()

The inode allocation failure case in autofs4_dir_symlink() frees the
autofs dentry info of the dentry without setting ->d_fsdata to NULL.

That could lead to a double free so just get rid of the free and leave it
to ->d_release().

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160812024759.12352.10653.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Cc: Tomohiro Kusumi <kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

autofs: add WARN_ON(1) for non dir/link inode case

It's invalid if the given mode is neither dir nor link, so warn on else
case.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160812024754.12352.8536.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Kusumi <kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

autofs: fix autofs4_fill_super() error exit handling

Somewhere along the line the error handling gotos have become incorrect.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160812024749.12352.15100.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Cc: Tomohiro Kusumi <kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

autofs: test autofs versions first on sb initialization

This patch does what the below comment says.  It could be and it's
considered better to do this first before various functions get called
during initialization.

/* Couldn't this be tested earlier? */

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160812024744.12352.43075.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Kusumi <kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

autofs: drop unnecessary extern in autofs_i.h

autofs4_kill_sb() doesn't need to be declared as extern, and no other
functions in .h are explicitly declared as extern.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160812024739.12352.99354.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Kusumi <kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

autofs: fix typos in Documentation/filesystems/autofs4.txt

plus minor whitespace fixes.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160812024734.12352.17122.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Kusumi <kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kprobes: include <asm/sections.h> instead of <asm-generic/sections.h>

asm-generic headers are generic implementations for architecture specific
code and should not be included by common code.  Thus use the asm/ version
of sections.h to get at the linker sections.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1473602302-6208-1-git-send-email-hch@lst.de
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

checkpatch: improve the octal permissions tests

The function calls with octal permissions commonly span multiple lines.
The current test is line oriented and fails to find some matches.

Make the test use the $stat variable instead of the $line variable to span
multiple lines.

Also add a few functions to the known functions with permissions list.

Move the SYMBOLIC_PERMS test to a separate section to find all the S_<FOO>
permissions in any form not just those that have specific function names.

This can now find and fix permissions uses like:
     .mode = S_<FOO> | S_<BAR>;

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/b51bab60530912aae4ac420119d465c5b206f19f.1475030406.git.joe@perches.com
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Tested-by: Ramiro Oliveira <roliveir@synopsys.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

checkpatch: add warning for unnamed function definition arguments

Function definitions without identifiers like
 int foo(int)
are not preferred.  Emit a warning when they occur.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/94fe6378504745991b650f48fc92bb4648f25706.1474925354.git.joe@perches.com
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

checkpatch: improve MACRO_ARG_PRECEDENCE test

It is possible for a multiple line macro definition to have a false positive
report when an argument is used on a line after a continuation \.

This line might have a leading '+' as the initial character that could be
confused by checkpatch as an operator.

Avoid the leading character on multiple line macro definitions.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/60229d13399f9b6509db5a32e30d4c16951a60cd.1473836073.git.joe@perches.com
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

checkpatch: add --strict test for precedence challenged macro arguments

Add a test for macro arguents that have a non-comma leading or trailing
operator where the argument isn't parenthesized to avoid possible precedence
issues.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/47715508972f8d786f435e583ff881dbeee3a114.1473745855.git.joe@perches.com
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
Cc: Julia Lawall <julia.lawall@lip6.fr>
Cc: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

checkpatch: add --strict test for macro argument reuse

If a macro argument is used multiple times in the macro definition, the
macro argument may have an unexpected side-effect.

Add a test (MACRO_ARG_REUSE) for that condition which is only
emitted with command-line option --strict.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/b6d67a87cafcafd15499e91780dc63b15dec0aa0.1473744906.git.joe@perches.com
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
Cc: Julia Lawall <julia.lawall@lip6.fr>
Cc: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

checkpatch: improve the block comment * alignment test

An "uninitialized value" is emitted when a block comment starts on
the same line as a statement.

Fix this and make the test use a little fewer cpu cycles too.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/3c9993320c2182d37f53ac540878cfef59c3f62d.1473365956.git.joe@perches.com
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Reported-by: Charlemagne Lasse <charlemagnelasse@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

checkpatch: speed up checking for filenames in sections marked obsolete

Adding -f to the get_maintainer.pl invocation means git isn't invoked
by get_maintainer.pl for known filenames.

This reduces the overall time to run checkpatch.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/22991e3a295aeb399b43af0478b6e5809106ccee.1472684066.git.joe@perches.com
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

const_structs.checkpatch: add frequently used from Julia Lawall's list

Using const is generally a good idea.

Julia Lawall has created a list of always const and almost always const
structs in the kernel sources.

Link: https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/8/28/95
Add the most frequently used (> 50 cases) that are almost always or
always const.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1e16020f8027654db0095bbfbcc11da51025365c.1472664220.git.joe@perches.com
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Julia Lawall <julia.lawall@lip6.fr>
Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

checkpatch: externalize the structs that should be const

Make it easier to add new structs that should be const.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/e5a8da43e7c11525bafbda1ca69a8323614dd942.1472664220.git.joe@perches.com
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Julia Lawall <julia.lawall@lip6.fr>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

checkpatch: don't test for prefer ether_addr_<foo>

< sigh > Comment these tests out.

These are just too enticing to people that don't verify that
both source and dest addresses really must be __aligned(2).

It helps make Dan Carpenter happy too.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/dc32ec66d24647f4cdf824c8dfbbc59aa7ce7b7d.1472665676.git.joe@perches.com
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Cc: Greg <gvrose8192@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

checkpatch: test multiple line block comment alignment

Warn when block comments are not aligned on the *

/*
 * block comment, no warning
 */

/*
  * block comment, emit warning
  */

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/edb57bd330adfe024b95ec2a807d4aa7f0c8b112.1472261299.git.joe@perches.com
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Reported-by: Sudip Mukherjee <sudipm.mukherjee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

checkpatch: look for symbolic permissions and suggest octal instead

S_<FOO> uses should be avoided where octal is more intelligible.

Linus didst say:

: It's *much* easier to parse and understand the octal numbers, while the
: symbolic macro names are just random line noise and hard as hell to
: understand.  You really have to think about it.
:
: So we should rather go the other way: convert existing bad symbolic
: permission bit macro use to just use the octal numbers.
:
: The symbolic names are good for the *other* bits (ie sticky bit, and the
: inode mode _type_ numbers etc), but for the permission bits, the symbolic
: names are just insane crap.  Nobody sane should ever use them.  Not in the
: kernel, not in user space.
(http://lkml.kernel.org/r/CA+55aFw5v23T-zvDZp-MmD_EYxF8WbafwwB59934FV7g21uMGQ@mail.gmail.com)

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/7232ef011d05a92f4caa86a5e9830d87966a2eaf.1470180926.git.joe@perches.com
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

checkpatch: see if modified files are marked obsolete in MAINTAINERS

Use get_maintainer to check the status of individual files.  If
"obsolete", suggest leaving the files alone.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/7ceaa510dc9d2df05ec4b456baed7bb1415550b3.1471889575.git.joe@perches.com
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: SF Markus Elfring <elfring@users.sourceforge.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

lib/bitmap.c: enhance bitmap syntax

Today there are platforms with many CPUs (up to 4K).  Trying to boot only
part of the CPUs may result in too long string.

For example lets take NPS platform that is part of arch/arc.  This
platform have SMP system with 256 cores each with 16 HW threads (SMT
machine) where HW thread appears as CPU to the kernel.  In this example
there is total of 4K CPUs.  When one tries to boot only part of the HW
threads from each core the string representing the map may be long...  For
example if for sake of performance we decided to boot only first half of
HW threads of each core the map will look like:
0-7,16-23,32-39,...,4080-4087

This patch introduce new syntax to accommodate with such use case.  I
added an optional postfix to a range of CPUs which will choose according
to given modulo the desired range of reminders i.e.:

    <cpus range>:sed_size/group_size

For example, above map can be described in new syntax like this:
0-4095:8/16

Note that this patch is backward compatible with current syntax.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: rework documentation]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1473579629-4283-1-git-send-email-noamca@mellanox.com
Signed-off-by: Noam Camus <noamca@mellanox.com>
Cc: David Decotigny <decot@googlers.com>
Cc: Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Pan Xinhui <xinhui@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

lib/kstrtox.c: smaller _parse_integer()

Set "overflow" bit upon encountering it instead of postponing to the end
of the conversion. Somehow gcc unwedges itself and generates better code:

$ ./scripts/bloat-o-meter ../vmlinux-000 ../obj/vmlinux
_parse_integer                      177     139     -38

Inspired by patch from Zhaoxiu Zeng.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160826221920.GA1909@p183.telecom.by
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

include/linux/ctype.h: make isdigit() table lookupless

Make isdigit into a simple range checking inline function:

return '0' <= c && c <= '9';

This code is 1 branch, not 2 because any reasonable compiler can
optimize this code into SUB+CMP, so the code

while (isdigit((c = *s++)))
...

remains 1 branch per iteration HOWEVER it suddenly doesn't do table
lookup priming cacheline nobody cares about.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160826190047.GA12536@p183.telecom.by
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

lib: harden strncpy_from_user

The strncpy_from_user() accessor is effectively a copy_from_user()
specialised to copy strings, terminating early at a NUL byte if possible.
In other respects it is identical, and can be used to copy an arbitrarily
large buffer from userspace into the kernel.  Conceptually, it exposes a
similar attack surface.

As with copy_from_user(), we check the destination range when the kernel
is built with KASAN, but unlike copy_from_user() we do not check the
destination buffer when using HARDENED_USERCOPY.  As strncpy_from_user()
calls get_user() in a loop, we must call check_object_size() explicitly.

This patch adds this instrumentation to strncpy_from_user(), per the same
rationale as with the regular copy_from_user().  In the absence of
hardened usercopy this will have no impact as the instrumentation expands
to an empty static inline function.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472221903-31181-1-git-send-email-mark.rutland@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

radix-tree tests: properly initialize mutex

The pthread_mutex_t in regression1.c wasn't being initialized properly.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160815194237.25967-4-ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuahkh@osg.samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

radix-tree tests: add iteration test

There are four cases I can see where we could end up with a NULL 'slot' in
radix_tree_next_slot().  This unit test exercises all four of them, making
sure that if in the future we have an unsafe path through
radix_tree_next_slot(), we'll catch it.

Here are details on the four cases:

1) radix_tree_iter_retry() via a non-tagged iteration like
radix_tree_for_each_slot().  In this case we currently aren't seeing a bug
because radix_tree_iter_retry() sets

    iter->next_index = iter->index;

which means that in in the else case in radix_tree_next_slot(), 'count' is
zero, so we skip over the while() loop and effectively just return NULL
without ever dereferencing 'slot'.

2) radix_tree_iter_retry() via tagged iteration like
radix_tree_for_each_tagged().  This case was giving us NULL pointer
dereferences in testing, and was fixed with this commit:

commit 3cb9185c6730 ("radix-tree: fix radix_tree_iter_retry() for tagged
iterators.")

This fix doesn't explicitly check for 'slot' being NULL, though, it works
around the NULL pointer dereference by instead zeroing iter->tags in
radix_tree_iter_retry(), which makes us bail out of the if() case in
radix_tree_next_slot() before we dereference 'slot'.

3) radix_tree_iter_next() via via a non-tagged iteration like
radix_tree_for_each_slot().  This currently happens in shmem_tag_pins()
and shmem_partial_swap_usage().

As with non-tagged iteration, 'count' in the else case of
radix_tree_next_slot() is zero, so we skip over the while() loop and
effectively just return NULL without ever dereferencing 'slot'.

4) radix_tree_iter_next() via tagged iteration like
radix_tree_for_each_tagged().  This happens in shmem_wait_for_pins().

radix_tree_iter_next() zeros out iter->tags, so we end up exiting
radix_tree_next_slot() here:

    if (flags & RADIX_TREE_ITER_TAGGED) {
    void *canon = slot;

    iter->tags >>= 1;
    if (unlikely(!iter->tags))
    return NULL;

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160815194237.25967-3-ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuahkh@osg.samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

radix-tree: 'slot' can be NULL in radix_tree_next_slot()

There are four cases I can see where we could end up with a NULL 'slot' in
radix_tree_next_slot().  Yet radix_tree_next_slot() never actually checks
whether 'slot' is NULL.  It just happens that for the cases where 'slot'
is NULL, some other combination of factors prevents us from dereferencing
it.

It would be very easy for someone to unwittingly change one of these
factors without realizing that we are implicitly depending on it to save
us from a NULL pointer dereference.

Add a comment documenting the things that allow 'slot' to be safely passed
as NULL to radix_tree_next_slot().

Here are details on the four cases:

1) radix_tree_iter_retry() via a non-tagged iteration like
radix_tree_for_each_slot().  In this case we currently aren't seeing a bug
because radix_tree_iter_retry() sets

iter->next_index = iter->index;

which means that in in the else case in radix_tree_next_slot(), 'count' is
zero, so we skip over the while() loop and effectively just return NULL
without ever dereferencing 'slot'.

2) radix_tree_iter_retry() via tagged iteration like
radix_tree_for_each_tagged().  This case was giving us NULL pointer
dereferences in testing, and was fixed with this commit:

commit 3cb9185c6730 ("radix-tree: fix radix_tree_iter_retry() for tagged
iterators.")

This fix doesn't explicitly check for 'slot' being NULL, though, it works
around the NULL pointer dereference by instead zeroing iter->tags in
radix_tree_iter_retry(), which makes us bail out of the if() case in
radix_tree_next_slot() before we dereference 'slot'.

3) radix_tree_iter_next() via via a non-tagged iteration like
radix_tree_for_each_slot().  This currently happens in shmem_tag_pins()
and shmem_partial_swap_usage().

As with non-tagged iteration, 'count' in the else case of
radix_tree_next_slot() is zero, so we skip over the while() loop and
effectively just return NULL without ever dereferencing 'slot'.

4) radix_tree_iter_next() via tagged iteration like
radix_tree_for_each_tagged().  This happens in shmem_wait_for_pins().

radix_tree_iter_next() zeros out iter->tags, so we end up exiting
radix_tree_next_slot() here:

if (flags & RADIX_TREE_ITER_TAGGED) {
void *canon = slot;

iter->tags >>= 1;
if (unlikely(!iter->tags))
return NULL;

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160815194237.25967-2-ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuahkh@osg.samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

fs/select: add vmalloc fallback for select(2)

The select(2) syscall performs a kmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL) where size grows
with the number of fds passed. We had a customer report page allocation
failures of order-4 for this allocation. This is a costly order, so it might
easily fail, as the VM expects such allocation to have a lower-order fallback.

Such trivial fallback is vmalloc(), as the memory doesn't have to be physically
contiguous and the allocation is temporary for the duration of the syscall
only. There were some concerns, whether this would have negative impact on the
system by exposing vmalloc() to userspace. Although an excessive use of vmalloc
can cause some system wide performance issues - TLB flushes etc. - a large
order allocation is not for free either and an excessive reclaim/compaction can
have a similar effect. Also note that the size is effectively limited by
RLIMIT_NOFILE which defaults to 1024 on the systems I checked. That means the
bitmaps will fit well within single page and thus the vmalloc() fallback could
be only excercised for processes where root allows a higher limit.

Note that the poll(2) syscall seems to use a linked list of order-0 pages, so
it doesn't need this kind of fallback.

[eric.dumazet@gmail.com: fix failure path logic]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: use proper type for size]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160927084536.5923-1-vbabka@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: David Laight <David.Laight@ACULAB.COM>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Jason Baron <jbaron@akamai.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

block: implement (some of) fallocate for block devices

After much discussion, it seems that the fallocate feature flag
FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE maps nicely to SCSI WRITE SAME; and the feature
FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE maps nicely to the devices that have been whitelisted
for zeroing SCSI UNMAP.  Punch still requires that FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE is
set.  A length that goes past the end of the device will be clamped to the
device size if KEEP_SIZE is set; or will return -EINVAL if not.  Both
start and length must be aligned to the device's logical block size.

Since the semantics of fallocate are fairly well established already, wire
up the two pieces.  The other fallocate variants (collapse range, insert
range, and allocate blocks) are not supported.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/147518379992.22791.8849838163218235007.stgit@birch.djwong.org
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Bart Van Assche <bart.vanassche@sandisk.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Cc: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com> # tweaked header
Cc: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

block: require write_same and discard requests align to logical block size

Make sure that the offset and length arguments that we're using to
construct WRITE SAME and DISCARD requests are actually aligned to the
logical block size.  Failure to do this causes other errors in other parts
of the block layer or the SCSI layer because disks don't support partial
logical block writes.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/147518379026.22791.4437508871355153928.stgit@birch.djwong.org
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Bart Van Assche <bart.vanassche@sandisk.com>
Reviewed-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com> # tweaked header
Cc: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

block: invalidate the page cache when issuing BLKZEROOUT

Patch series "fallocate for block devices", v11.

This is a patchset to fix page cache coherency with BLKZEROOUT and
implement fallocate for block devices.

The first patch is a fix to the existing BLKZEROOUT ioctl to invalidate
the page cache if the zeroing command to the underlying device succeeds.
Without this patch we still have the pagecache coherence bug that's been
in the kernel forever.

The second patch changes the internal block device functions to reject
attempts to discard or zeroout that are not aligned to the logical block
size.  Previously, we only checked that the start/len parameters were
512-byte aligned, which caused kernel BUG_ONs for unaligned IOs to 4k-LBA
devices.

The third patch creates an fallocate handler for block devices, wires up
the FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE flag to zeroing-discard, and connects
FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE to write-same so that we can have a consistent
fallocate interface between files and block devices.  It also allows the
combination of PUNCH_HOLE and NO_HIDE_STALE to invoke non-zeroing discard.

Test cases for the new block device fallocate are now in xfstests as
generic/349-351.

This patch (of 3):

Invalidate the page cache (as a regular O_DIRECT write would do) to avoid
returning stale cache contents at a later time.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/147518378313.22791.16649519283678515021.stgit@birch.djwong.org
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Bart Van Assche <bart.vanassche@sandisk.com>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Cc: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>