mm/swapfile.c: use list_for_each_entry_safe in free_swap_count_continuations

Use list_for_each_entry_safe() instead of list_for_each_safe() to
simplify the code.

Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliangtang@163.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: /proc/pid/clear_refs: no need to clear VM_SOFTDIRTY in clear_soft_dirty_pmd()

clear_soft_dirty_pmd() is called by clear_refs_write(CLEAR_REFS_SOFT_DIRTY),
VM_SOFTDIRTY was already cleared before walk_page_range().

Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: make sure isolate_lru_page() is never called for tail page

The VM_BUG_ON_PAGE() would catch such cases if any still exists.

Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

vmstat: make vmstat_updater deferrable again and shut down on idle

Currently the vmstat updater is not deferrable as a result of commit
ba4877b9ca51 ("vmstat: do not use deferrable delayed work for
vmstat_update").  This in turn can cause multiple interruptions of the
applications because the vmstat updater may run at

Make vmstate_update deferrable again and provide a function that folds
the differentials when the processor is going to idle mode thus
addressing the issue of the above commit in a clean way.

Note that the shepherd thread will continue scanning the differentials
from another processor and will reenable the vmstat workers if it
detects any changes.

Fixes: ba4877b9ca51 ("vmstat: do not use deferrable delayed work for vmstat_update")
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

memcg: avoid vmpressure oops when memcg disabled

A CONFIG_MEMCG=y kernel booted with "cgroup_disable=memory" crashes on a
NULL memcg (but non-NULL root_mem_cgroup) when vmpressure kicks in.
Here's the patch I use to avoid that, but you might prefer a test on
mem_cgroup_disabled() somewhere.

Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: memcontrol: switch to the updated jump-label API

According to <linux/jump_label.h> the direct use of struct static_key is
deprecated.  Update the socket and slab accounting code accordingly.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Reported-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@akamai.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: memcontrol: hook up vmpressure to socket pressure

Let the networking stack know when a memcg is under reclaim pressure so
that it can clamp its transmit windows accordingly.

Whenever the reclaim efficiency of a cgroup's LRU lists drops low enough
for a MEDIUM or HIGH vmpressure event to occur, assert a pressure state
in the socket and tcp memory code that tells it to curb consumption
growth from sockets associated with said control group.

Traditionally, vmpressure reports for the entire subtree of a memcg
under pressure, which drops useful information on the individual groups
reclaimed.  However, it's too late to change the userinterface, so add a
second reporting mode that reports on the level of reclaim instead of at
the level of pressure, and use that report for sockets.

vmpressure events are naturally edge triggered, so for hysteresis assert
socket pressure for a second to allow for subsequent vmpressure events
to occur before letting the socket code return to normal.

This will likely need finetuning for a wider variety of workloads, but
for now stick to the vmpressure presets and keep hysteresis simple.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: memcontrol: account socket memory in unified hierarchy memory controller

Socket memory can be a significant share of overall memory consumed by
common workloads.  In order to provide reasonable resource isolation in
the unified hierarchy, this type of memory needs to be included in the
tracking/accounting of a cgroup under active memory resource control.

Overhead is only incurred when a non-root control group is created AND
the memory controller is instructed to track and account the memory
footprint of that group.  cgroup.memory=nosocket can be specified on the
boot commandline to override any runtime configuration and forcibly
exclude socket memory from active memory resource control.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: memcontrol: move socket code for unified hierarchy accounting

The unified hierarchy memory controller will account socket memory.
Move the infrastructure functions accordingly.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: memcontrol: do not account memory+swap on unified hierarchy

The unified hierarchy memory controller doesn't expose the memory+swap
counter to userspace, but its accounting is hardcoded in all charge
paths right now, including the per-cpu charge cache ("the stock").

To avoid adding yet more pointless memory+swap accounting with the
socket memory support in unified hierarchy, disable the counter
altogether when in unified hierarchy mode.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: memcontrol: generalize the socket accounting jump label

The unified hierarchy memory controller is going to use this jump label
as well to control the networking callbacks.  Move it to the memory
controller code and give it a more generic name.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

net: tcp_memcontrol: simplify linkage between socket and page counter

There won't be any separate counters for socket memory consumed by
protocols other than TCP in the future.  Remove the indirection and link
sockets directly to their owning memory cgroup.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

net: tcp_memcontrol: sanitize tcp memory accounting callbacks

There won't be a tcp control soft limit, so integrating the memcg code
into the global skmem limiting scheme complicates things unnecessarily.
Replace this with simple and clear charge and uncharge calls--hidden
behind a jump label--to account skb memory.

Note that this is not purely aesthetic: as a result of shoehorning the
per-memcg code into the same memory accounting functions that handle the
global level, the old code would compare the per-memcg consumption
against the smaller of the per-memcg limit and the global limit.  This
allowed the total consumption of multiple sockets to exceed the global
limit, as long as the individual sockets stayed within bounds.  After
this change, the code will always compare the per-memcg consumption to
the per-memcg limit, and the global consumption to the global limit, and
thus close this loophole.

Without a soft limit, the per-memcg memory pressure state in sockets is
generally questionable.  However, we did it until now, so we continue to
enter it when the hard limit is hit, and packets are dropped, to let
other sockets in the cgroup know that they shouldn't grow their transmit
windows, either.  However, keep it simple in the new callback model and
leave memory pressure lazily when the next packet is accepted (as
opposed to doing it synchroneously when packets are processed).  When
packets are dropped, network performance will already be in the toilet,
so that should be a reasonable trade-off.

As described above, consumption is now checked on the per-memcg level
and the global level separately.  Likewise, memory pressure states are
maintained on both the per-memcg level and the global level, and a
socket is considered under pressure when either level asserts as much.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

net: tcp_memcontrol: simplify the per-memcg limit access

tcp_memcontrol replicates the global sysctl_mem limit array per cgroup,
but it only ever sets these entries to the value of the memory_allocated
page_counter limit.  Use the latter directly.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

net: tcp_memcontrol: remove dead per-memcg count of allocated sockets

The number of allocated sockets is used for calculations in the soft
limit phase, where packets are accepted but the socket is under memory
pressure.
 Since there is no soft limit phase in tcp_memcontrol, and memory
pressure is only entered when packets are already dropped, this is
actually dead code.  Remove it.

As this is the last user of parent_cg_proto(), remove that too.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

net: tcp_memcontrol: protect all tcp_memcontrol calls by jump-label

Move the jump-label from sock_update_memcg() and sock_release_memcg() to
the callsite, and so eliminate those function calls when socket
accounting is not enabled.

This also eliminates the need for dummy functions because the calls will
be optimized away if the Kconfig options are not enabled.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

net: tcp_memcontrol: remove bogus hierarchy pressure propagation

When a cgroup currently breaches its socket memory limit, it enters
memory pressure mode for itself and its *ancestors*.  This throttles
transmission in unrelated sibling and cousin subtrees that have nothing
to do with the breached limit.

On the contrary, breaching a limit should make that group and its
*children* enter memory pressure mode.  But this happens already, albeit
lazily: if an ancestor limit is breached, siblings will enter memory
pressure on their own once the next packet arrives for them.

So no additional hierarchy code is needed.  Remove the bogus stuff.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

net: tcp_memcontrol: properly detect ancestor socket pressure

When charging socket memory, the code currently checks only the local
page counter for excess to determine whether the memcg is under socket
pressure.  But even if the local counter is fine, one of the ancestors
could have breached its limit, which should also force this child to
enter socket pressure.  This currently doesn't happen.

Fix this by using page_counter_try_charge() first.  If that fails, it
means that either the local counter or one of the ancestors are in
excess of their limit, and the child should enter socket pressure.

Fixes: 3e32cb2e0a12 ("mm: memcontrol: lockless page counters")
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: memcontrol: export root_mem_cgroup

A later patch will need this symbol in files other than memcontrol.c, so
export it now and replace mem_cgroup_root_css at the same time.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/ksm.c: use list_for_each_entry_safe

Use list_for_each_entry_safe() instead of list_for_each_safe() to
simplify the code.

Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliangtang@163.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/readahead.c, mm/vmscan.c: use lru_to_page instead of list_to_page

list_to_page() in readahead.c is the same as lru_to_page() in vmscan.c.
So I move lru_to_page to internal.h and drop list_to_page().

Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliangtang@163.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/compaction.c: __compact_pgdat() code cleanuup

This patch uses is_via_compact_memory() to distinguish compaction from
sysfs or sysctl.  And, this patch also reduces indentation on
compaction_defer_reset() by filtering these cases first before checking
watermark.

There is no functional change.

Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Acked-by: Yaowei Bai <baiyaowei@cmss.chinamobile.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/swapfile.c: use list_{next,first}_entry

To make the intention clearer, use list_{next,first}_entry instead of
list_entry().

Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliangtang@163.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/memblock: introduce for_each_memblock_type()

We already have the for_each_memblock() macro in <linux/memblock.h>
which provides ability to iterate over memblock regions of a known type.
The for_each_memblock() macro allows us to pass the pointer to the
struct memblock_type, instead we need to pass name of the type.

This patch introduces a new macro for_each_memblock_type() which allows
us iterate over memblock regions with the given type when the type is
unknown.

Signed-off-by: Alexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/memblock: remove rgnbase and rgnsize variables

Remove rgnbase and rgnsize variables from memblock_overlaps_region().
We use these variables only for passing to the memblock_addrs_overlap()
function and that's all.  Let's remove them.

Signed-off-by: Alexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm, oom: give __GFP_NOFAIL allocations access to memory reserves

__GFP_NOFAIL is a big hammer used to ensure that the allocation request
can never fail.  This is a strong requirement and as such it also
deserves a special treatment when the system is OOM.  The primary
problem here is that the allocation request might have come with some
locks held and the oom victim might be blocked on the same locks.  This
is basically an OOM deadlock situation.

This patch tries to reduce the risk of such a deadlocks by giving
__GFP_NOFAIL allocations a special treatment and let them dive into
memory reserves after oom killer invocation.  This should help them to
make a progress and release resources they are holding.  The OOM victim
should compensate for the reserves consumption.

Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Suggested-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/page_alloc.c: use list_for_each_entry in mark_free_pages()

Use list_for_each_entry instead of list_for_each + list_entry to
simplify the code.

Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliangtang@163.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/page_alloc.c: use list_{first,last}_entry instead of list_entry

To make the intention clearer, use list_{first,last}_entry instead of
list_entry.

Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliangtang@163.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/page_alloc.c: remove unnecessary parameter from __rmqueue

Commit 0aaa29a56e4f ("mm, page_alloc: reserve pageblocks for high-order
atomic allocations on demand") added an unnecessary and unused parameter
to __rmqueue.  It was a parameter that was used in an earlier version of
the patch and then left behind.  This patch cleans it up.

Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

drivers/base/memory.c: rename remove_memory_block() to remove_memory_section()

The function removes a section, not a block.  Rename to reflect actual
functionality.

Signed-off-by: Seth Jennings <sjennings@variantweb.net>
Cc: Andrew Banman <abanman@sgi.com>
Cc: Daniel J Blueman <daniel@numascale.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Cc: Russ Anderson <rja@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

drivers/base/memory.c: clean up section counting

Right now, section_count is calculated in add_memory_block().  However,
init_memory_block() increments section_count as well, which, at first,
seems like it would lead to an off-by-one error.  There is no harm done
because add_memory_block() immediately overwrites the
mem->section_count, but it is messy.

This commit moves the increment out of the common init_memory_block()
(called by both add_memory_block() and register_new_memory()) and adds
it to register_new_memory().

Signed-off-by: Seth Jennings <sjennings@variantweb.net>
Cc: Andrew Banman <abanman@sgi.com>
Cc: Daniel J Blueman <daniel@numascale.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Cc: Russ Anderson <rja@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

proc: meminfo: estimate available memory more conservatively

The MemAvailable item in /proc/meminfo is to give users a hint of how
much memory is allocatable without causing swapping, so it excludes the
zones' low watermarks as unavailable to userspace.

However, for a userspace allocation, kswapd will actually reclaim until
the free pages hit a combination of the high watermark and the page
allocator's lowmem protection that keeps a certain amount of DMA and
DMA32 memory from userspace as well.

Subtract the full amount we know to be unavailable to userspace from the
number of free pages when calculating MemAvailable.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: page_alloc: generalize the dirty balance reserve

The dirty balance reserve that dirty throttling has to consider is
merely memory not available to userspace allocations.  There is nothing
writeback-specific about it.  Generalize the name so that it's reusable
outside of that context.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: allow GFP_{FS,IO} for page_cache_read page cache allocation

page_cache_read has been historically using page_cache_alloc_cold to
allocate a new page.  This means that mapping_gfp_mask is used as the
base for the gfp_mask.  Many filesystems are setting this mask to
GFP_NOFS to prevent from fs recursion issues.  page_cache_read is called
from the vm_operations_struct::fault() context during the page fault.
This context doesn't need the reclaim protection normally.

ceph and ocfs2 which call filemap_fault from their fault handlers seem
to be OK because they are not taking any fs lock before invoking generic
implementation.  xfs which takes XFS_MMAPLOCK_SHARED is safe from the
reclaim recursion POV because this lock serializes truncate and punch
hole with the page faults and it doesn't get involved in the reclaim.

There is simply no reason to deliberately use a weaker allocation
context when a __GFP_FS | __GFP_IO can be used.  The GFP_NOFS protection
might be even harmful.  There is a push to fail GFP_NOFS allocations
rather than loop within allocator indefinitely with a very limited
reclaim ability.  Once we start failing those requests the OOM killer
might be triggered prematurely because the page cache allocation failure
is propagated up the page fault path and end up in
pagefault_out_of_memory.

We cannot play with mapping_gfp_mask directly because that would be racy
wrt.  parallel page faults and it might interfere with other users who
really rely on NOFS semantic from the stored gfp_mask.  The mask is also
inode proper so it would even be a layering violation.  What we can do
instead is to push the gfp_mask into struct vm_fault and allow fs layer
to overwrite it should the callback need to be called with a different
allocation context.

Initialize the default to (mapping_gfp_mask | __GFP_FS | __GFP_IO)
because this should be safe from the page fault path normally.  Why do
we care about mapping_gfp_mask at all then? Because this doesn't hold
only reclaim protection flags but it also might contain zone and
movability restrictions (GFP_DMA32, __GFP_MOVABLE and others) so we have
to respect those.

Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reported-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Acked-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/compaction: improve comment for compact_memory tunable knob handler

sysctl_compaction_handler() is the handler function for compact_memory
tunable knob under /proc/sys/vm, add the missing knob name to make this
more accurate in comment.

No functional change.

Signed-off-by: Yaowei Bai <baiyaowei@cmss.chinamobile.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

x86: mm: support ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS

x86: arch_mmap_rnd() uses hard-coded values, 8 for 32-bit and 28 for
64-bit, to generate the random offset for the mmap base address.  This
value represents a compromise between increased ASLR effectiveness and
avoiding address-space fragmentation.  Replace it with a Kconfig option,
which is sensibly bounded, so that platform developers may choose where
to place this compromise.  Keep default values as new minimums.

Signed-off-by: Daniel Cashman <dcashman@google.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Mark Salyzyn <salyzyn@android.com>
Cc: Jeff Vander Stoep <jeffv@google.com>
Cc: Nick Kralevich <nnk@google.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Hector Marco-Gisbert <hecmargi@upv.es>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

arm64: mm: support ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS

arm64: arch_mmap_rnd() uses STACK_RND_MASK to generate the random offset
for the mmap base address.  This value represents a compromise between
increased ASLR effectiveness and avoiding address-space fragmentation.
Replace it with a Kconfig option, which is sensibly bounded, so that
platform developers may choose where to place this compromise.  Keep
default values as new minimums.

Signed-off-by: Daniel Cashman <dcashman@google.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Mark Salyzyn <salyzyn@android.com>
Cc: Jeff Vander Stoep <jeffv@google.com>
Cc: Nick Kralevich <nnk@google.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Hector Marco-Gisbert <hecmargi@upv.es>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

arm: mm: support ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS

arm: arch_mmap_rnd() uses a hard-code value of 8 to generate the random
offset for the mmap base address.  This value represents a compromise
between increased ASLR effectiveness and avoiding address-space
fragmentation.  Replace it with a Kconfig option, which is sensibly
bounded, so that platform developers may choose where to place this
compromise.  Keep 8 as the minimum acceptable value.

[arnd@arndb.de: ARM: avoid ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS for NOMMU]
Signed-off-by: Daniel Cashman <dcashman@google.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Mark Salyzyn <salyzyn@android.com>
Cc: Jeff Vander Stoep <jeffv@google.com>
Cc: Nick Kralevich <nnk@google.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Hector Marco-Gisbert <hecmargi@upv.es>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: mmap: add new /proc tunable for mmap_base ASLR

Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) provides a barrier to
exploitation of user-space processes in the presence of security
vulnerabilities by making it more difficult to find desired code/data
which could help an attack.  This is done by adding a random offset to
the location of regions in the process address space, with a greater
range of potential offset values corresponding to better protection/a
larger search-space for brute force, but also to greater potential for
fragmentation.

The offset added to the mmap_base address, which provides the basis for
the majority of the mappings for a process, is set once on process exec
in arch_pick_mmap_layout() and is done via hard-coded per-arch values,
which reflect, hopefully, the best compromise for all systems.  The
trade-off between increased entropy in the offset value generation and
the corresponding increased variability in address space fragmentation
is not absolute, however, and some platforms may tolerate higher amounts
of entropy.  This patch introduces both new Kconfig values and a sysctl
interface which may be used to change the amount of entropy used for
offset generation on a system.

The direct motivation for this change was in response to the
libstagefright vulnerabilities that affected Android, specifically to
information provided by Google's project zero at:

  http://googleprojectzero.blogspot.com/2015/09/stagefrightened.html

The attack presented therein, by Google's project zero, specifically
targeted the limited randomness used to generate the offset added to the
mmap_base address in order to craft a brute-force-based attack.
Concretely, the attack was against the mediaserver process, which was
limited to respawning every 5 seconds, on an arm device.  The hard-coded
8 bits used resulted in an average expected success rate of defeating
the mmap ASLR after just over 10 minutes (128 tries at 5 seconds a
piece).  With this patch, and an accompanying increase in the entropy
value to 16 bits, the same attack would take an average expected time of
over 45 hours (32768 tries), which makes it both less feasible and more
likely to be noticed.

The introduced Kconfig and sysctl options are limited by per-arch
minimum and maximum values, the minimum of which was chosen to match the
current hard-coded value and the maximum of which was chosen so as to
give the greatest flexibility without generating an invalid mmap_base
address, generally a 3-4 bits less than the number of bits in the
user-space accessible virtual address space.

When decided whether or not to change the default value, a system
developer should consider that mmap_base address could be placed
anywhere up to 2^(value) bits away from the non-randomized location,
which would introduce variable-sized areas above and below the mmap_base
address such that the maximum vm_area_struct size may be reduced,
preventing very large allocations.

This patch (of 4):

ASLR only uses as few as 8 bits to generate the random offset for the
mmap base address on 32 bit architectures.  This value was chosen to
prevent a poorly chosen value from dividing the address space in such a
way as to prevent large allocations.  This may not be an issue on all
platforms.  Allow the specification of a minimum number of bits so that
platforms desiring greater ASLR protection may determine where to place
the trade-off.

Signed-off-by: Daniel Cashman <dcashman@google.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Mark Salyzyn <salyzyn@android.com>
Cc: Jeff Vander Stoep <jeffv@google.com>
Cc: Nick Kralevich <nnk@google.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Hector Marco-Gisbert <hecmargi@upv.es>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/mmap.c: remove incorrect MAP_FIXED flag comparison from mmap_region

The following flag comparison in mmap_region makes no sense:

    if (!(vm_flags & MAP_FIXED))
        return -ENOMEM;

The condition is always false and thus the above "return -ENOMEM" is
never executed.  The vm_flags must not be compared with MAP_FIXED flag.
The vm_flags may only be compared with VM_* flags.  MAP_FIXED has the
same value as VM_MAYREAD.

Hitting the rlimit is a slow path and find_vma_intersection should
realize that there is no overlapping VMA for !MAP_FIXED case pretty
quickly.

Signed-off-by: Piotr Kwapulinski <kwapulinski.piotr@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm, vmscan: consider isolated pages in zone_reclaimable_pages

zone_reclaimable_pages counts how many pages are reclaimable in the
given zone.  This currently includes all pages on file lrus and anon
lrus if there is an available swap storage.  We do not consider
NR_ISOLATED_{ANON,FILE} counters though which is not correct because
these counters reflect temporarily isolated pages which are still
reclaimable because they either get back to their LRU or get freed
either by the page reclaim or page migration.

The number of these pages might be sufficiently high to confuse users of
zone_reclaimable_pages (e.g.  mbind can migrate large ranges of memory
at once).

Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Suggested-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

fs/block_dev.c:bdev_write_page(): use blk_queue_enter(..., GFP_NOIO)

bdev_write_page() is used by swapout and by writepage where we cannot
use __GFP_FS or __GFP_IO.  So it is misleading to mention GFP_KERNEL
here.

blk_queue_enter() only actually looks at __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM, so no
bugs were harmed in the making of this patch.

Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

memcg: do not allow to disable tcp accounting after limit is set

There are two bits defined for cg_proto->flags - MEMCG_SOCK_ACTIVATED
and MEMCG_SOCK_ACTIVE - both are set in tcp_update_limit, but the former
is never cleared while the latter can be cleared by unsetting the limit.
This allows to disable tcp socket accounting for new sockets after it
was enabled by writing -1 to memory.kmem.tcp.limit_in_bytes while still
guaranteeing that memcg_socket_limit_enabled static key will be
decremented on memcg destruction.

This functionality looks dubious, because it is not clear what a use
case would be.  By enabling tcp accounting a user accepts the price.  If
they then find the performance degradation unacceptable, they can always
restart their workload with tcp accounting disabled.  It does not seem
there is any need to flip it while the workload is running.

Besides, it contradicts to how kmem accounting API works: writing
whatever to memory.kmem.limit_in_bytes enables kmem accounting for the
cgroup in question, after which it cannot be disabled.  Therefore one
might expect that writing -1 to memory.kmem.tcp.limit_in_bytes just
enables socket accounting w/o limiting it, which might be useful by
itself, but it isn't true.

Since this API peculiarity is not documented anywhere, I propose to drop
it.  This will allow to simplify the code by dropping cg_proto->flags.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

vmscan: do not force-scan file lru if its absolute size is small

We assume there is enough inactive page cache if the size of inactive
file lru is greater than the size of active file lru, in which case we
force-scan file lru ignoring anonymous pages.  While this logic works
fine when there are plenty of page cache pages, it fails if the size of
file lru is small (several MB): in this case (lru_size >> prio) will be
0 for normal scan priorities, as a result, if inactive file lru happens
to be larger than active file lru, anonymous pages of a cgroup will
never get evicted unless the system experiences severe memory pressure,
even if there are gigabytes of unused anonymous memory there, which is
unfair in respect to other cgroups, whose workloads might be page cache
oriented.

This patch attempts to fix this by elaborating the "enough inactive page
cache" check: it makes it not only check that inactive lru size > active
lru size, but also that we will scan something from the cgroup at the
current scan priority.  If these conditions do not hold, we proceed to
SCAN_FRACT as usual.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm, vmalloc: remove VM_VPAGES

VM_VPAGES is unnecessary, it's easier to check is_vmalloc_addr() when
reading /proc/vmallocinfo.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove VM_VPAGES reference via kvfree()]
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm, thp: use list_first_entry_or_null()

Simplify the code with list_first_entry_or_null().

Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliangtang@163.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm, procfs: breakdown RSS for anon, shmem and file in /proc/pid/status

There are several shortcomings with the accounting of shared memory
(SysV shm, shared anonymous mapping, mapping of a tmpfs file).  The
values in /proc/<pid>/status and <...>/statm don't allow to distinguish
between shmem memory and a shared mapping to a regular file, even though
theirs implication on memory usage are quite different: during reclaim,
file mapping can be dropped or written back on disk, while shmem needs a
place in swap.

Also, to distinguish the memory occupied by anonymous and file mappings,
one has to read the /proc/pid/statm file, which has a field for the file
mappings (again, including shmem) and total memory occupied by these
mappings (i.e.  equivalent to VmRSS in the <...>/status file.  Getting
the value for anonymous mappings only is thus not exactly user-friendly
(the statm file is intended to be rather efficiently machine-readable).

To address both of these shortcomings, this patch adds a breakdown of
VmRSS in /proc/<pid>/status via new fields RssAnon, RssFile and
RssShmem, making use of the previous preparatory patch.  These fields
tell the user the memory occupied by private anonymous pages, mapped
regular files and shmem, respectively.  Other existing fields in /status
and /statm files are left without change.  The /statm file can be
extended in the future, if there's a need for that.

Example (part of) /proc/pid/status output including the new Rss* fields:

VmPeak:  2001008 kB
VmSize:  2001004 kB
VmLck:         0 kB
VmPin:         0 kB
VmHWM:      5108 kB
VmRSS:      5108 kB
RssAnon:              92 kB
RssFile:            1324 kB
RssShmem:           3692 kB
VmData:      192 kB
VmStk:       136 kB
VmExe:         4 kB
VmLib:      1784 kB
VmPTE:      3928 kB
VmPMD:        20 kB
VmSwap:        0 kB
HugetlbPages:          0 kB

[vbabka@suse.cz: forward-porting, tweak changelog]
Signed-off-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm, shmem: add internal shmem resident memory accounting

Currently looking at /proc/<pid>/status or statm, there is no way to
distinguish shmem pages from pages mapped to a regular file (shmem pages
are mapped to /dev/zero), even though their implication in actual memory
use is quite different.

The internal accounting currently counts shmem pages together with
regular files.  As a preparation to extend the userspace interfaces,
this patch adds MM_SHMEMPAGES counter to mm_rss_stat to account for
shmem pages separately from MM_FILEPAGES.  The next patch will expose it
to userspace - this patch doesn't change the exported values yet, by
adding up MM_SHMEMPAGES to MM_FILEPAGES at places where MM_FILEPAGES was
used before.  The only user-visible change after this patch is the OOM
killer message that separates the reported "shmem-rss" from "file-rss".

[vbabka@suse.cz: forward-porting, tweak changelog]
Signed-off-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm, proc: reduce cost of /proc/pid/smaps for unpopulated shmem mappings

Following the previous patch, further reduction of /proc/pid/smaps cost
is possible for private writable shmem mappings with unpopulated areas
where the page walk invokes the .pte_hole function.  We can use radix
tree iterator for each such area instead of calling find_get_entry() in
a loop.  This is possible at the extra maintenance cost of introducing
another shmem function shmem_partial_swap_usage().

To demonstrate the diference, I have measured this on a process that
creates a private writable 2GB mapping of a partially swapped out
/dev/shm/file (which cannot employ the optimizations from the prvious
patch) and doesn't populate it at all.  I time how long does it take to
cat /proc/pid/smaps of this process 100 times.

Before this patch:

real    0m3.831s
user    0m0.180s
sys     0m3.212s

After this patch:

real    0m1.176s
user    0m0.180s
sys     0m0.684s

The time is similar to the case where a radix tree iterator is employed
on the whole mapping.

Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm, proc: reduce cost of /proc/pid/smaps for shmem mappings

The previous patch has improved swap accounting for shmem mapping, which
however made /proc/pid/smaps more expensive for shmem mappings, as we
consult the radix tree for each pte_none entry, so the overal complexity
is O(n*log(n)).

We can reduce this significantly for mappings that cannot contain COWed
pages, because then we can either use the statistics tha shmem object
itself tracks (if the mapping contains the whole object, or the swap
usage of the whole object is zero), or use the radix tree iterator,
which is much more effective than repeated find_get_entry() calls.

This patch therefore introduces a function shmem_swap_usage(vma) and
makes /proc/pid/smaps use it when possible.  Only for writable private
mappings of shmem objects (i.e.  tmpfs files) with the shmem object
itself (partially) swapped outwe have to resort to the find_get_entry()
approach.

Hopefully such mappings are relatively uncommon.

To demonstrate the diference, I have measured this on a process that
creates a 2GB mapping and dirties single pages with a stride of 2MB, and
time how long does it take to cat /proc/pid/smaps of this process 100
times.

Private writable mapping of a /dev/shm/file (the most complex case):

real    0m3.831s
user    0m0.180s
sys     0m3.212s

Shared mapping of an almost full mapping of a partially swapped /dev/shm/file
(which needs to employ the radix tree iterator).

real    0m1.351s
user    0m0.096s
sys     0m0.768s

Same, but with /dev/shm/file not swapped (so no radix tree walk needed)

real    0m0.935s
user    0m0.128s
sys     0m0.344s

Private anonymous mapping:

real    0m0.949s
user    0m0.116s
sys     0m0.348s

The cost is now much closer to the private anonymous mapping case, unless
the shmem mapping is private and writable.

Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm, proc: account for shmem swap in /proc/pid/smaps

Currently, /proc/pid/smaps will always show "Swap: 0 kB" for
shmem-backed mappings, even if the mapped portion does contain pages
that were swapped out.  This is because unlike private anonymous
mappings, shmem does not change pte to swap entry, but pte_none when
swapping the page out.  In the smaps page walk, such page thus looks
like it was never faulted in.

This patch changes smaps_pte_entry() to determine the swap status for
such pte_none entries for shmem mappings, similarly to how
mincore_page() does it.  Swapped out shmem pages are thus accounted for.
For private mappings of tmpfs files that COWed some of the pages, swaped
out status of the original shmem pages is naturally ignored.  If some of
the private copies was also swapped out, they are accounted via their
page table swap entries, so the resulting reported swap usage is then a
sum of both swapped out private copies, and swapped out shmem pages that
were not COWed.  No double accounting can thus happen.

The accounting is arguably still not as precise as for private anonymous
mappings, since now we will count also pages that the process in
question never accessed, but another process populated them and then let
them become swapped out.  I believe it is still less confusing and
subtle than not showing any swap usage by shmem mappings at all.
Swapped out counter might of interest of users who would like to prevent
from future swapins during performance critical operation and pre-fault
them at their convenience.  Especially for larger swapped out regions
the cost of swapin is much higher than a fresh page allocation.  So a
differentiation between pte_none vs.  swapped out is important for those
usecases.

One downside of this patch is that it makes /proc/pid/smaps more
expensive for shmem mappings, as we consult the radix tree for each
pte_none entry, so the overal complexity is O(n*log(n)).  I have
measured this on a process that creates a 2GB mapping and dirties single
pages with a stride of 2MB, and time how long does it take to cat
/proc/pid/smaps of this process 100 times.

Private anonymous mapping:

real    0m0.949s
user    0m0.116s
sys     0m0.348s

Mapping of a /dev/shm/file:

real    0m3.831s
user    0m0.180s
sys     0m3.212s

The difference is rather substantial, so the next patch will reduce the
cost for shared or read-only mappings.

In a less controlled experiment, I've gathered pids of processes on my
desktop that have either '/dev/shm/*' or 'SYSV*' in smaps.  This
included the Chrome browser and some KDE processes.  Again, I've run cat
/proc/pid/smaps on each 100 times.

Before this patch:

real    0m9.050s
user    0m0.518s
sys     0m8.066s

After this patch:

real    0m9.221s
user    0m0.541s
sys     0m8.187s

This suggests low impact on average systems.

Note that this patch doesn't attempt to adjust the SwapPss field for
shmem mappings, which would need extra work to determine who else could
have the pages mapped.  Thus the value stays zero except for COWed
swapped out pages in a shmem mapping, which are accounted as usual.

Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm, documentation: clarify /proc/pid/status VmSwap limitations for shmem

This series is based on Jerome Marchand's [1] so let me quote the first
paragraph from there:

There are several shortcomings with the accounting of shared memory
(sysV shm, shared anonymous mapping, mapping to a tmpfs file).  The
values in /proc/<pid>/status and statm don't allow to distinguish
between shmem memory and a shared mapping to a regular file, even though
their implications on memory usage are quite different: at reclaim, file
mapping can be dropped or written back on disk while shmem needs a place
in swap.  As for shmem pages that are swapped-out or in swap cache, they
aren't accounted at all.

The original motivation for myself is that a customer found (IMHO
rightfully) confusing that e.g.  top output for process swap usage is
unreliable with respect to swapped out shmem pages, which are not
accounted for.

The fundamental difference between private anonymous and shmem pages is
that the latter has PTE's converted to pte_none, and not swapents.  As
such, they are not accounted to the number of swapents visible e.g.  in
/proc/pid/status VmSwap row.  It might be theoretically possible to use
swapents when swapping out shmem (without extra cost, as one has to
change all mappers anyway), and on swap in only convert the swapent for
the faulting process, leaving swapents in other processes until they
also fault (so again no extra cost).  But I don't know how many
assumptions this would break, and it would be too disruptive change for
a relatively small benefit.

Instead, my approach is to document the limitation of VmSwap, and
provide means to determine the swap usage for shmem areas for those who
are interested and willing to pay the price, using /proc/pid/smaps.
Because outside of ipcs, I don't think it's possible to currently to
determine the usage at all.  The previous patchset [1] did introduce new
shmem-specific fields into smaps output, and functions to determine the
values.  I take a simpler approach, noting that smaps output already has
a "Swap: X kB" line, where currently X == 0 always for shmem areas.  I
think we can just consider this a bug and provide the proper value by
consulting the radix tree, as e.g.  mincore_page() does.  In the patch
changelog I explain why this is also not perfect (and cannot be without
swapents), but still arguably much better than showing a 0.

The last two patches are adapted from Jerome's patchset and provide a
VmRSS breakdown to RssAnon, RssFile and RssShm in /proc/pid/status.
Hugh noted that this is a welcome addition, and I agree that it might
help e.g.  debugging process memory usage at albeit non-zero, but still
rather low cost of extra per-mm counter and some page flag checks.

[1] http://lwn.net/Articles/611966/

This patch (of 6):

The documentation for /proc/pid/status does not mention that the value
of VmSwap counts only swapped out anonymous private pages, and not
swapped out pages of the underlying shmem objects (for shmem mappings).
This is not obvious, so document this limitation.

Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/mmzone.c: memmap_valid_within() can be boolean

Make memmap_valid_within return bool due to this particular function
only using either one or zero as its return value.

No functional change.

Signed-off-by: Yaowei Bai <baiyaowei@cmss.chinamobile.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/vmalloc.c: use list_{next,first}_entry

To make the intention clearer, use list_{next,first}_entry instead of
list_entry.

Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliangtang@163.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/page_alloc.c: do not loop over ALLOC_NO_WATERMARKS without triggering reclaim

__alloc_pages_slowpath is looping over ALLOC_NO_WATERMARKS requests if
__GFP_NOFAIL is requested.  This is fragile because we are basically
relying on somebody else to make the reclaim (be it the direct reclaim
or OOM killer) for us.  The caller might be holding resources (e.g.
locks) which block other other reclaimers from making any progress for
example.  Remove the retry loop and rely on __alloc_pages_slowpath to
invoke all allowed reclaim steps and retry logic.

We have to be careful about __GFP_NOFAIL allocations from the
PF_MEMALLOC context even though this is a very bad idea to begin with
because no progress can be gurateed at all.  We shouldn't break the
__GFP_NOFAIL semantic here though.  It could be argued that this is
essentially GFP_NOWAIT context which we do not support but PF_MEMALLOC
is much harder to check for existing users because they might happen
deep down the code path performed much later after setting the flag so
we cannot really rule out there is no kernel path triggering this
combination.

Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/page_alloc.c: get rid of __alloc_pages_high_priority()

__alloc_pages_high_priority doesn't do anything special other than it
calls get_page_from_freelist and loops around GFP_NOFAIL allocation
until it succeeds.  It would be better if the first part was done in
__alloc_pages_slowpath where we modify the zonelist because this would
be easier to read and understand.  Opencoding the function into its only
caller allows to simplify it a bit as well.

This patch doesn't introduce any functional changes.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/zonelist: enumerate zonelists array index

Hardcoding index to zonelists array in gfp_zonelist() is not a good
idea, let's enumerate it to improve readability.

No functional change.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix CONFIG_NUMA=n build]
[n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com: fix warning in comparing enumerator]
Signed-off-by: Yaowei Bai <baiyaowei@cmss.chinamobile.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

include/linux/mmzone.h: remove unused is_unevictable_lru()

Since commit a0b8cab3b9b2 ("mm: remove lru parameter from
__pagevec_lru_add and remove parts of pagevec API") there's no
user of this function anymore, so remove it.

Signed-off-by: Yaowei Bai <baiyaowei@cmss.chinamobile.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/memblock.c: memblock_is_memory()/reserved() can be boolean

Make memblock_is_memory() and memblock_is_reserved return bool to
improve readability due to these particular functions only using either
one or zero as their return value.

No functional change.

Signed-off-by: Yaowei Bai <baiyaowei@cmss.chinamobile.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

include/linux/hugetlb.h: is_file_hugepages() can be boolean

Make is_file_hugepages() return bool to improve readability due to this
particular function only using either one or zero as its return value.

This patch also removed the if condition to make is_file_hugepages
return directly.

No functional change.

Signed-off-by: Yaowei Bai <baiyaowei@cmss.chinamobile.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: change mm_vmscan_lru_shrink_inactive() proto types

Move node_id zone_idx shrink flags into trace function, so thay we don't
need caculate these args if the trace is disabled, and will make this
function have less arguments.

Signed-off-by: yalin wang <yalin.wang2010@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/cma: always check which page caused allocation failure

Now, we have tracepoint in test_pages_isolated() to notify pfn which
cannot be isolated.  But, in alloc_contig_range(), some error path
doesn't call test_pages_isolated() so it's still hard to know exact pfn
that causes allocation failure.

This patch change this situation by calling test_pages_isolated() in
almost error path.  In allocation failure case, some overhead is added
by this change, but, allocation failure is really rare event so it would
not matter.

In fatal signal pending case, we don't call test_pages_isolated()
because this failure is intentional one.

There was a bogus outer_start problem due to unchecked buddy order and
this patch also fix it.  Before this patch, it didn't matter, because
end result is same thing.  But, after this patch, tracepoint will report
failed pfn so it should be accurate.

Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/page_isolation.c: add new tracepoint, test_pages_isolated

cma allocation should be guranteeded to succeed.  But sometimes it can
fail in the current implementation.  To track down the problem, we need
to know which page is problematic and this new tracepoint will report
it.

Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Acked-by: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/page_isolation.c: return last tested pfn rather than failure indicator

This is preparation step to report test failed pfn in new tracepoint to
analyze cma allocation failure problem.  There is no functional change
in this patch.

Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/mempolicy.c: convert the shared_policy lock to a rwlock

When running the SPECint_rate gcc on some very large boxes it was
noticed that the system was spending lots of time in
mpol_shared_policy_lookup().  The gamess benchmark can also show it and
is what I mostly used to chase down the issue since the setup for that I
found to be easier.

To be clear the binaries were on tmpfs because of disk I/O requirements.
We then used text replication to avoid icache misses and having all the
copies banging on the memory where the instruction code resides.  This
results in us hitting a bottleneck in mpol_shared_policy_lookup() since
lookup is serialised by the shared_policy lock.

I have only reproduced this on very large (3k+ cores) boxes.  The
problem starts showing up at just a few hundred ranks getting worse
until it threatens to livelock once it gets large enough.  For example
on the gamess benchmark at 128 ranks this area consumes only ~1% of
time, at 512 ranks it consumes nearly 13%, and at 2k ranks it is over
90%.

To alleviate the contention in this area I converted the spinlock to an
rwlock.  This allows a large number of lookups to happen simultaneously.
The results were quite good reducing this consumtion at max ranks to
around 2%.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: tidy up code comments]
Signed-off-by: Nathan Zimmer <nzimmer@sgi.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Nadia Yvette Chambers <nyc@holomorphy.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: add PHYS_PFN, use it in __phys_to_pfn()

__phys_to_pfn and __pfn_to_phys are symmetric, PHYS_PFN and PFN_PHYS are
semmetric:

 - y = (phys_addr_t)x << PAGE_SHIFT

 - y >> PAGE_SHIFT = (phys_add_t)x

 - (unsigned long)(y >> PAGE_SHIFT) = x

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: use macro arg name `x']
[arnd@arndb.de: include linux/pfn.h for PHYS_PFN definition]
Signed-off-by: Chen Gang <gang.chen.5i5j@gmail.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/vmscan.c: change trace_mm_vmscan_writepage() proto type

Move trace_reclaim_flags() into trace function, so that we don't need
caculate these flags if the trace is disabled.

Signed-off-by: yalin wang <yalin.wang2010@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/mmap.c: remove redundant local variables for may_expand_vm()

Simplify may_expand_vm().

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: further simplification, per Naoya Horiguchi]
Signed-off-by: Chen Gang <gang.chen.5i5j@gmail.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/mlock.c: drop unneeded initialization in munlock_vma_pages_range()

Before usage page pointer initialized by NULL is reinitialized by
follow_page_mask().  Drop useless init of page pointer in the beginning
of loop.

Signed-off-by: Alexey Klimov <klimov.linux@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kmemcg: account certain kmem allocations to memcg

Mark those kmem allocations that are known to be easily triggered from
userspace as __GFP_ACCOUNT/SLAB_ACCOUNT, which makes them accounted to
memcg.  For the list, see below:

 - threadinfo
 - task_struct
 - task_delay_info
 - pid
 - cred
 - mm_struct
 - vm_area_struct and vm_region (nommu)
 - anon_vma and anon_vma_chain
 - signal_struct
 - sighand_struct
 - fs_struct
 - files_struct
 - fdtable and fdtable->full_fds_bits
 - dentry and external_name
 - inode for all filesystems. This is the most tedious part, because
   most filesystems overwrite the alloc_inode method.

The list is far from complete, so feel free to add more objects.
Nevertheless, it should be close to "account everything" approach and
keep most workloads within bounds.  Malevolent users will be able to
breach the limit, but this was possible even with the former "account
everything" approach (simply because it did not account everything in
fact).

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

vmalloc: allow to account vmalloc to memcg

Make vmalloc family functions allocate vmalloc area pages with
alloc_kmem_pages so that if __GFP_ACCOUNT is set they will be accounted
to memcg.  This is needed, at least, to account alloc_fdmem allocations.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

slab: add SLAB_ACCOUNT flag

Currently, if we want to account all objects of a particular kmem cache,
we have to pass __GFP_ACCOUNT to each kmem_cache_alloc call, which is
inconvenient.  This patch introduces SLAB_ACCOUNT flag which if passed
to kmem_cache_create will force accounting for every allocation from
this cache even if __GFP_ACCOUNT is not passed.

This patch does not make any of the existing caches use this flag - it
will be done later in the series.

Note, a cache with SLAB_ACCOUNT cannot be merged with a cache w/o
SLAB_ACCOUNT, because merged caches share the same kmem_cache struct and
hence cannot have different sets of SLAB_* flags.  Thus using this flag
will probably reduce the number of merged slabs even if kmem accounting
is not used (only compiled in).

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Suggested-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

memcg: only account kmem allocations marked as __GFP_ACCOUNT

Black-list kmem accounting policy (aka __GFP_NOACCOUNT) turned out to be
fragile and difficult to maintain, because there seem to be many more
allocations that should not be accounted than those that should be.
Besides, false accounting an allocation might result in much worse
consequences than not accounting at all, namely increased memory
consumption due to pinned dead kmem caches.

So this patch switches kmem accounting to the white-policy: now only
those kmem allocations that are marked as __GFP_ACCOUNT are accounted to
memcg.  Currently, no kmem allocations are marked like this.  The
following patches will mark several kmem allocations that are known to
be easily triggered from userspace and therefore should be accounted to
memcg.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Revert "gfp: add __GFP_NOACCOUNT"

This reverts commit 8f4fc071b192 ("gfp: add __GFP_NOACCOUNT").

Black-list kmem accounting policy (aka __GFP_NOACCOUNT) turned out to be
fragile and difficult to maintain, because there seem to be many more
allocations that should not be accounted than those that should be.
Besides, false accounting an allocation might result in much worse
consequences than not accounting at all, namely increased memory
consumption due to pinned dead kmem caches.

So it was decided to switch to the white-list policy.  This patch
reverts bits introducing the black-list policy.  The white-list policy
will be introduced later in the series.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Revert "kernfs: do not account ino_ida allocations to memcg"

Currently, all kmem allocations (namely every kmem_cache_alloc, kmalloc,
alloc_kmem_pages call) are accounted to memory cgroup automatically.
Callers have to explicitly opt out if they don't want/need accounting
for some reason.  Such a design decision leads to several problems:

 - kmalloc users are highly sensitive to failures, many of them
   implicitly rely on the fact that kmalloc never fails, while memcg
   makes failures quite plausible.

 - A lot of objects are shared among different containers by design.
   Accounting such objects to one of containers is just unfair.
   Moreover, it might lead to pinning a dead memcg along with its kmem
   caches, which aren't tiny, which might result in noticeable increase
   in memory consumption for no apparent reason in the long run.

 - There are tons of short-lived objects. Accounting them to memcg will
   only result in slight noise and won't change the overall picture, but
   we still have to pay accounting overhead.

For more info, see

 - http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20151105144002.GB15111%40dhcp22.suse.cz
 - http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20151106090555.GK29259@esperanza

Therefore this patchset switches to the white list policy.  Now kmalloc
users have to explicitly opt in by passing __GFP_ACCOUNT flag.

Currently, the list of accounted objects is quite limited and only
includes those allocations that (1) are known to be easily triggered
from userspace and (2) can fail gracefully (for the full list see patch
no.  6) and it still misses many object types.  However, accounting only
those objects should be a satisfactory approximation of the behavior we
used to have for most sane workloads.

This patch (of 6):

Revert 499611ed451508a42d1d7d ("kernfs: do not account ino_ida allocations
to memcg").

Black-list kmem accounting policy (aka __GFP_NOACCOUNT) turned out to be
fragile and difficult to maintain, because there seem to be many more
allocations that should not be accounted than those that should be.
Besides, false accounting an allocation might result in much worse
consequences than not accounting at all, namely increased memory
consumption due to pinned dead kmem caches.

So it was decided to switch to the white-list policy.  This patch reverts
bits introducing the black-list policy.  The white-list policy will be
introduced later in the series.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/slab.c: add a helper function get_first_slab

Add a new helper function get_first_slab() that get the first slab from
a kmem_cache_node.

Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliangtang@163.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/slab.c: use list_for_each_entry in cache_flusharray

Simplify the code with list_for_each_entry().

Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliangtang@163.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/slab.c use list_first_entry_or_null()

Simplify the code with list_first_entry_or_null().

Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliangtang@163.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

include/linux/dcache.h: remove semicolons from HASH_LEN_DECLARE

A little cleanup - the invocation site provdes the semicolon.

Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ocfs2/dlm: cleanup redunant lksb flags in dlmcommon.h

lksb flags are defined both in dlmapi.h and dlmcommon.h.  So clean them
up from dlmcommon.h.

Signed-off-by: Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Jiufei Xue <xuejiufei@huawei.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.de>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Cc: Junxiao Bi <junxiao.bi@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ocfs2: dlm: remove redundant code

Found this when do patch review, remove to make it clear and save a
little cpu time.

Signed-off-by: Junxiao Bi <junxiao.bi@oracle.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.de>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Cc: Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ocfs2: access orphan dinode before delete entry in ocfs2_orphan_del

In ocfs2_orphan_del, currently it finds and deletes entry first, and
then access orphan dir dinode.  This will have a problem once
ocfs2_journal_access_di fails.  In this case, entry will be removed from
orphan dir, but in deed the inode hasn't been deleted successfully.  In
other words, the file is missing but not actually deleted.  So we should
access orphan dinode first like unlink and rename.

Signed-off-by: Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Jiufei Xue <xuejiufei@huawei.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.de>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Reviewed-by: Junxiao Bi <junxiao.bi@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ocfs2/dlm: do not insert a new mle when another process is already migrating

When two processes are migrating the same lockres,
dlm_add_migration_mle() return -EEXIST, but insert a new mle in hash
list.  dlm_migrate_lockres() will detach the old mle and free the new
one which is already in hash list, that will destroy the list.

Signed-off-by: Jiufei Xue <xuejiufei@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@huawei.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.de>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Reviewed-by: Junxiao Bi <junxiao.bi@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ocfs2/dlm: ignore cleaning the migration mle that is inuse

We have found that migration source will trigger a BUG that the refcount
of mle is already zero before put when the target is down during
migration.  The situation is as follows:

dlm_migrate_lockres
  dlm_add_migration_mle
  dlm_mark_lockres_migrating
  dlm_get_mle_inuse
  <<<<<< Now the refcount of the mle is 2.
  dlm_send_one_lockres and wait for the target to become the
  new master.
  <<<<<< o2hb detect the target down and clean the migration
  mle. Now the refcount is 1.

dlm_migrate_lockres woken, and put the mle twice when found the target
goes down which trigger the BUG with the following message:

  "ERROR: bad mle: ".

Signed-off-by: Jiufei Xue <xuejiufei@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@huawei.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.de>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Cc: Junxiao Bi <junxiao.bi@oracle.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ocfs2: do not lock/unlock() inode DLM lock

DLM does not cache locks.  So, blocking lock and unlock will only make
the performance worse where contention over the locks is high.

Signed-off-by: Goldwyn Rodrigues <rgoldwyn@suse.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.de>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Reviewed-by: Junxiao Bi <junxiao.bi@oracle.com>
Cc: Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ocfs2: fix slot overwritten if storage link down during mount

The following case will lead to slot overwritten.

N1                               N2
mount ocfs2 volume, find and
allocate slot 0, then set
osb->slot_num to 0, begin to
write slot info to disk
                                 mount ocfs2 volume, wait for super lock
write block fail because of
storage link down, unlock
super lock
                                 got super lock and also allocate slot 0
                                 then unlock super lock

mount fail and then dismount,
since osb->slot_num is 0, try to
put invalid slot to disk. And it
will succeed if storage link
restores.
                                 N2 slot info is now overwritten

Once another node say N3 mount, it will find and allocate slot 0 again,
which will lead to mount hung because journal has already been locked by
N2.  so when write slot info failed, invalidate slot in advance to avoid
overwrite slot.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Yiwen Jiang <jiangyiwen@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@huawei.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.de>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Cc: Junxiao Bi <junxiao.bi@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ocfs2/dlm: return appropriate value when dlm_grab() returns NULL

dlm_grab() may return NULL when the node is doing unmount.  When doing
code review, we found that some dlm handlers may return error to caller
when dlm_grab() returns NULL and make caller BUG or other problems.
Here is an example:

Node 1                                 Node 2
receives migration message
from node 3, and send
migrate request to others
                                     start unmounting

                                     receives migrate request
                                     from node 1 and call
                                     dlm_migrate_request_handler()

                                     unmount thread unregisters
                                     domain handlers and removes
                                     dlm_context from dlm_domains

                                     dlm_migrate_request_handlers()
                                     returns -EINVAL to node 1
Exit migration neither clearing the
migration state nor sending
assert master message to node 3 which
cause node 3 hung.

Signed-off-by: Jiufei Xue <xuejiufei@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Yiwen Jiang <jiangyiwen@huawei.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.de>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Cc: Junxiao Bi <junxiao.bi@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ocfs2: clean up redundant NULL check before iput

Since iput will take care the NULL check itself, NULL check before
calling it is redundant.  So clean them up.

Signed-off-by: Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@huawei.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.de>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ocfs2/dlm: wait until DLM_LOCK_RES_SETREF_INPROG is cleared in dlm_deref_lockres_worker

Commit f3f854648de6 ("ocfs2_dlm: Ensure correct ordering of set/clear
refmap bit on lockres") still exists a race which can't ensure the
ordering is exactly correct.

Node1               Node2                    Node3
umount, migrate
lockres to Node2
                    migrate finished,
                    send migrate request
                    to Node3
                                              received migrate request,
                                              create a migration_mle,
                                              respond to Node2.
                    set DLM_LOCK_RES_SETREF_INPROG
                    and send assert master to
                    Node3
                                              delete migration_mle in
                                              assert_master_handler,
                                              Node3 umount without response
                                              dlm_thread purge
                                              this lockres, send drop
                                              deref message to Node2
                    found the flag of
                    DLM_LOCK_RES_SETREF_INPROG
                    is set, dispatch
                    dlm_deref_lockres_worker to
                    clear refmap, but in function of
                    dlm_deref_lockres_worker,
                    only if node in refmap it wait
                    DLM_LOCK_RES_SETREF_INPROG
                    to be cleared. So worker is
                    done successfully

                                              purge lockres, send
                                              assert master response
                                              to Node1, and finish umount
                    set Node3 in refmap, and it
                    won't be cleared forever, thus
                    lead to umount hung

so wait until DLM_LOCK_RES_SETREF_INPROG is cleared in
dlm_deref_lockres_worker.

Signed-off-by: Yiwen Jiang <jiangyiwen@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Junxiao Bi <junxiao.bi@oracle.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.de>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ocfs2: constify ocfs2_extent_tree_operations structures

The ocfs2_extent_tree_operations structures are never modified, so
declare them as const.

Done with the help of Coccinelle.

Signed-off-by: Julia Lawall <Julia.Lawall@lip6.fr>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.de>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ocfs2/dlm: fix a race between purge and migration

We found a race between purge and migration when doing code review.
Node A put lockres to purgelist before receiving the migrate message
from node B which is the master.  Node A call dlm_mig_lockres_handler to
handle this message.

dlm_mig_lockres_handler
  dlm_lookup_lockres
  >>>>>> race window, dlm_run_purge_list may run and send
         deref message to master, waiting the response
  spin_lock(&res->spinlock);
  res->state |= DLM_LOCK_RES_MIGRATING;
  spin_unlock(&res->spinlock);
  dlm_mig_lockres_handler returns

  >>>>>> dlm_thread receives the response from master for the deref
  message and triggers the BUG because the lockres has the state
  DLM_LOCK_RES_MIGRATING with the following message:

dlm_purge_lockres:209 ERROR: 6633EB681FA7474A9C280A4E1A836F0F: res
M0000000000000000030c0300000000 in use after deref

Signed-off-by: Jiufei Xue <xuejiufei@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Yiwen Jiang <jiangyiwen@huawei.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.de>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ocfs2: o2hb: increase unsteady iterations

When run multiple xattr test of ocfs2-test on a three-nodes cluster,
mount failed sometimes with the following message.

  o2hb: Unable to stabilize heartbeart on region D18B775E758D4D80837E8CF3D086AD4A (xvdb)

Stabilize heartbeat depends on the timing order to mount ocfs2 from
cluster nodes and how fast the tcp connections are established.  So
increase unsteady interations to leave more time for it.

Signed-off-by: Junxiao Bi <junxiao.bi@oracle.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.de>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ocfs2: return non-zero st_blocks for inline data

Some versions of tar assume that files with st_blocks == 0 do not
contain any data and will skip reading them entirely.  See also commit
9206c561554c ("ext4: return non-zero st_blocks for inline data").

Signed-off-by: John Haxby <john.haxby@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.de>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Acked-by: Gang He <ghe@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Junxiao Bi <junxiao.bi@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ocfs2: optimize bad declarations and redundant assignment

In ocfs2_parse_options,

a) it's better to declare variables(small size) outside of while loop;

b) 'option' will be set by match_int, 'option = 0;' makes no sense, if
   match_int failed, it just goto bail and return.

Signed-off-by: Norton.Zhu <norton.zhu@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@huawei.com>
Cc: Gang He <ghe@suse.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.de>
Acked-by: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

logfs: fix logfs build errors and dependencies

Fix build errors that happen when CONFIG_LOGFS=y and CONFIG_MTD=m:

  fs/built-in.o: In function `logfs_mount':
  super.c:(.text+0x92a6f): undefined reference to `logfs_get_sb_mtd'
  fs/built-in.o: In function `logfs_get_sb_bdev':
  (.text+0x93530): undefined reference to `logfs_get_sb_mtd'

This patch avoids the error by changing the dependencies of logfs in a
way that we can no longer configure logfs as built-in when the MTD core
is a loadable module, while leaving the dependency to require at least
one of MTD or BLOCK to be enabled.

Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
Cc: Peter Chen <peter.chen@freescale.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Joern Engel <joern@logfs.org>
Cc: Prasad Joshi <prasadjoshi.linux@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

modpost: don't add a trailing wildcard for OF module aliases

Commit ac551828993e ("modpost: i2c aliases need no trailing wildcard")
removed the wildcard at the end of the I2C module aliases because I2C
devices have no IDs so the aliases are just arbitrary device names.

This is also true for OF modaliases since a compatible string is used to
define a specific IP hardware block.  So the modalias should match a
specific compatible string and not attempt to match a compatible string
whose name matches the beginning of another one.

For example, the following driver module:

  $ modinfo cros_ec_keyb | grep alias
  alias:          platform:cros-ec-keyb
  alias:          of:N*T*Cgoogle,cros-ec-keyb*

will be tried to be loaded for an alias of:N*T*Cgoogle,cros-ec-keyb-v2
but there could be a different driver that supports the device for that
compatible string so it's better to remove the trailing wildcard for OF.

Also, remove the word "always" from the add_wildcard() function comment
since that was carried from the time where a wildcard was always added
at the end of the module alias for all the devices.

Signed-off-by: Javier Martinez Canillas <javier@osg.samsung.com>
Suggested-by: Brian Norris <computersforpeace@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sjoerd Simons <sjoerd.simons@collabora.co.uk>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

fsnotify: destroy marks with call_srcu instead of dedicated thread

At the time that this code was originally written, call_srcu didn't
exist, so this thread was required to ensure that we waited for that
SRCU grace period to settle before finally freeing the object.

It does exist now however and we can much more efficiently use call_srcu
to handle this.  That also allows us to potentially use srcu_barrier to
ensure that they are all of the callbacks have run before proceeding.
In order to conserve space, we union the rcu_head with the g_list.

This will be necessary for nfsd which will allocate marks from a
dedicated slabcache.  We have to be able to ensure that all of the
objects are destroyed before destroying the cache.  That's fairly

Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jeff.layton@primarydata.com>
Cc: Eric Paris <eparis@parisplace.org>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.com>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

fs/notify/inode_mark.c: use list_next_entry in fsnotify_unmount_inodes

To make the intention clearer, use list_next_entry instead of
list_entry.

Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliangtang@163.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

scripts/bloat-o-meter: fix python3 syntax error

In Python3+ print is a function so the old syntax is not correct
anymore:

  $ ./scripts/bloat-o-meter vmlinux.o vmlinux.o.old
    File "./scripts/bloat-o-meter", line 61
      print "add/remove: %s/%s grow/shrink: %s/%s up/down: %s/%s (%s)" % \
                                                                     ^
  SyntaxError: invalid syntax

Fix by calling print as a function.

Tested on python 2.7.11, 3.5.1

Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

dma-debug: switch check from _text to _stext

In include/asm-generic/sections.h:

  /*
   * Usage guidelines:
   * _text, _data: architecture specific, don't use them in
   * arch-independent code
   * [_stext, _etext]: contains .text.* sections, may also contain
   * .rodata.*
   *                   and/or .init.* sections

_text is not guaranteed across architectures.  Architectures such as ARM
may reuse parts which are not actually text and erroneously trigger a bug.
Switch to using _stext which is guaranteed to contain text sections.

Came out of https://lkml.kernel.org/g/<567B1176.4000106@redhat.com>

Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@fedoraproject.org>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>