--- /dev/null
+==============================================================
+Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver Configuration guide
+==============================================================
+
+
+Kernel Configuration
+====================
+
+To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with
+primary sound card support (``CONFIG_SOUND``). Since ALSA can emulate
+OSS, you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules.
+
+Enable "OSS API emulation" (``CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL``) and both OSS mixer
+and PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA.
+
+If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as
+SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support"
+(``CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER``).
+
+To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk"
+and "Debug" options. To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory"
+too. "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards.
+
+Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API
+(if the card supports ISA PnP). You don't need to configure the cards
+using isapnptools.
+
+
+Module parameters
+=================
+
+The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than
+one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can
+specify multiple values for the option separated by commas.
+
+
+Module snd
+----------
+
+The core ALSA module. It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
+It takes the following options which have global effects.
+
+major
+ major number for sound driver;
+ Default: 116
+cards_limit
+ limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8);
+ Default: 1;
+ For auto-loading more than one card, specify this option
+ together with snd-card-X aliases.
+slots
+ Reserve the slot index for the given driver;
+ This option takes multiple strings.
+ See `Module Autoloading Support`_ section for details.
+debug
+ Specifies the debug message level;
+ (0 = disable debug prints, 1 = normal debug messages,
+ 2 = verbose debug messages);
+ This option appears only when ``CONFIG_SND_DEBUG=y``.
+ This option can be dynamically changed via sysfs
+ /sys/modules/snd/parameters/debug file.
+
+Module snd-pcm-oss
+------------------
+
+The PCM OSS emulation module.
+This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
+
+dsp_map
+ PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device;
+ Default: 0
+adsp_map
+ PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device;
+ Default: 1
+nonblock_open
+ Don't block opening busy PCM devices;
+ Default: 1
+
+For example, when ``dsp_map=2``, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
+the card #0. Similarly, when ``adsp_map=0``, /dev/adsp will be mapped
+to PCM #0 of the card #0.
+For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
+commas, such like ``dsp_map=0,1``.
+
+``nonblock_open`` option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
+regarding opening the device. When this option is non-zero,
+opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
+immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
+
+Module snd-rawmidi
+------------------
+
+This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
+similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module.
+
+midi_map
+ MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device;
+ Default: 0
+amidi_map
+ MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device;
+ Default: 1
+
+Common parameters for top sound card modules
+--------------------------------------------
+
+Each of top level sound card module takes the following options.
+
+index
+ index (slot #) of sound card;
+ Values: 0 through 31 or negative;
+ If nonnegative, assign that index number;
+ if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible indices;
+ the first free permitted index is assigned;
+ Default: -1
+id
+ card ID (identifier or name);
+ Can be up to 15 characters long;
+ Default: the card type;
+ A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/
+ containing information about the card;
+ This ID can be used instead of the index number in
+ identifying the card
+enable
+ enable card;
+ Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards
+
+Module snd-adlib
+----------------
+
+Module for AdLib FM cards.
+
+port
+ port # for OPL chip
+
+This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe, so
+the port must be specified. For actual AdLib FM cards it will be 0x388.
+Note that this card does not have PCM support and no mixer; only FM
+synthesis.
+
+Make sure you have ``sbiload`` from the alsa-tools package available and,
+after loading the module, find out the assigned ALSA sequencer port
+number through ``sbiload -l``.
+
+Example output:
+::
+
+ Port Client name Port name
+ 64:0 OPL2 FM synth OPL2 FM Port
+
+Load the ``std.sb`` and ``drums.sb`` patches also supplied by ``sbiload``:
+::
+
+ sbiload -p 64:0 std.sb drums.sb
+
+If you use this driver to drive an OPL3, you can use ``std.o3`` and ``drums.o3``
+instead. To have the card produce sound, use ``aplaymidi`` from alsa-utils:
+::
+
+ aplaymidi -p 64:0 foo.mid
+
+Module snd-ad1816a
+------------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
+
+clockfreq
+ Clock frequency for AD1816A chip (default = 0, 33000Hz)
+
+This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
+
+Module snd-ad1848
+-----------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
+
+port
+ port # for AD1848 chip
+irq
+ IRQ # for AD1848 chip
+dma1
+ DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
+
+This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe
+thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-ad1889
+-----------------
+
+Module for Analog Devices AD1889 chips.
+
+ac97_quirk
+ AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
+ See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-ali5451
+------------------
+
+Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
+
+pcm_channels
+ Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
+spdif
+ Support SPDIF I/O;
+ Default: disabled
+
+This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-als100
+-----------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
+
+This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-als300
+-----------------
+
+Module for Avance Logic ALS300 and ALS300+
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-als4000
+------------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
+
+joystick_port
+ port # for legacy joystick support;
+ 0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
+
+This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-asihpi
+-----------------
+
+Module for AudioScience ASI soundcards
+
+enable_hpi_hwdep
+ enable HPI hwdep for AudioScience soundcard
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-atiixp
+-----------------
+
+Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250/400 AC97 controllers.
+
+ac97_clock
+ AC'97 clock (default = 48000)
+ac97_quirk
+ AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
+ See `AC97 Quirk Option`_ section below.
+ac97_codec
+ Workaround to specify which AC'97 codec instead of probing.
+ If this works for you file a bug with your `lspci -vn` output.
+ (-2 = Force probing, -1 = Default behavior, 0-2 = Use the
+ specified codec.)
+spdif_aclink
+ S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
+
+This module supports one card and autoprobe.
+
+ATI IXP has two different methods to control SPDIF output. One is
+over AC-link and another is over the "direct" SPDIF output. The
+implementation depends on the motherboard, and you'll need to
+choose the correct one via spdif_aclink module option.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-atiixp-modem
+-----------------------
+
+Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
+
+This module supports one card and autoprobe.
+
+Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
+slot is excluded.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
+-----------------------------------------
+
+Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
+
+pcifix
+ Control PCI workarounds;
+ 0 = Disable all workarounds,
+ 1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff,
+ 2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
+ Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge,
+ 3 = Force both settings,
+ 255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
+
+This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
+EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
+Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
+http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
+SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
+``spdif`` pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
+The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and
+Advantage.
+
+Note: Some ALSA mixer applications don't handle the SPDIF sample rate
+control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
+another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
+
+Module snd-azt1605
+------------------
+
+Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcards based on the Aztech AZT1605
+chipset.
+
+port
+ port # for BASE (0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280)
+wss_port
+ port # for WSS (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
+irq
+ IRQ # for WSS (7,9,10,11)
+dma1
+ DMA # for WSS playback (0,1,3)
+dma2
+ DMA # for WSS capture (0,1), -1 = disabled (default)
+mpu_port
+ port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disabled (default)
+mpu_irq
+ IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (3,5,7,9), -1 = disabled (default)
+fm_port
+ port # for OPL3 (0x388), -1 = disabled (default)
+
+This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe:
+``port``, ``wss_port``, ``irq`` and ``dma1`` have to be specified.
+The other values are optional.
+
+``port`` needs to match the BASE ADDRESS jumper on the card (0x220 or 0x240)
+or the value stored in the card's EEPROM for cards that have an EEPROM and
+their "CONFIG MODE" jumper set to "EEPROM SETTING". The other values can
+be chosen freely from the options enumerated above.
+
+If ``dma2`` is specified and different from ``dma1``, the card will operate in
+full-duplex mode. When ``dma1=3``, only ``dma2=0`` is valid and the only way to
+enable capture since only channels 0 and 1 are available for capture.
+
+Generic settings are ``port=0x220 wss_port=0x530 irq=10 dma1=1 dma2=0
+mpu_port=0x330 mpu_irq=9 fm_port=0x388``.
+
+Whatever IRQ and DMA channels you pick, be sure to reserve them for
+legacy ISA in your BIOS.
+
+Module snd-azt2316
+------------------
+
+Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcards based on the Aztech AZT2316
+chipset.
+
+port
+ port # for BASE (0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280)
+wss_port
+ port # for WSS (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
+irq
+ IRQ # for WSS (7,9,10,11)
+dma1
+ DMA # for WSS playback (0,1,3)
+dma2
+ DMA # for WSS capture (0,1), -1 = disabled (default)
+mpu_port
+ port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disabled (default)
+mpu_irq
+ IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10), -1 = disabled (default)
+fm_port
+ port # for OPL3 (0x388), -1 = disabled (default)
+
+This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe:
+``port``, ``wss_port``, ``irq`` and ``dma1`` have to be specified.
+The other values are optional.
+
+``port`` needs to match the BASE ADDRESS jumper on the card (0x220 or 0x240)
+or the value stored in the card's EEPROM for cards that have an EEPROM and
+their "CONFIG MODE" jumper set to "EEPROM SETTING". The other values can
+be chosen freely from the options enumerated above.
+
+If ``dma2`` is specified and different from ``dma1``, the card will operate in
+full-duplex mode. When ``dma1=3``, only ``dma2=0`` is valid and the only way to
+enable capture since only channels 0 and 1 are available for capture.
+
+Generic settings are ``port=0x220 wss_port=0x530 irq=10 dma1=1 dma2=0
+mpu_port=0x330 mpu_irq=9 fm_port=0x388``.
+
+Whatever IRQ and DMA channels you pick, be sure to reserve them for
+legacy ISA in your BIOS.
+
+Module snd-aw2
+--------------
+
+Module for Audiowerk2 sound card
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-azt2320
+------------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
+
+This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-azt3328
+------------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
+
+joystick
+ Enable joystick (default off)
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-bt87x
+----------------
+
+Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
+
+digital_rate
+ Override the default digital rate (Hz)
+load_all
+ Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
+slot is excluded.
+
+Module snd-ca0106
+-----------------
+
+Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+
+Module snd-cmi8330
+------------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
+
+isapnp
+ ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
+
+wssport
+ port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
+wssirq
+ IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
+wssdma
+ first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
+sbport
+ port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
+sbirq
+ IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
+sbdma8
+ 8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
+sbdma16
+ 16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
+fmport
+ (optional) OPL3 I/O port
+mpuport
+ (optional) MPU401 I/O port
+mpuirq
+ (optional) MPU401 irq #
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-cmipci
+-----------------
+
+Module for C-Media CMI8338/8738/8768/8770 PCI sound cards.
+
+mpu_port
+ port address of MIDI interface (8338 only):
+ 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 = legacy port,
+ 0 = disable (default)
+fm_port
+ port address of OPL-3 FM synthesizer (8x38 only):
+ 0x388 = legacy port,
+ 1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
+ 0 = disable
+soft_ac3
+ Software-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only) (default = 1)
+joystick_port
+ Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
+
+This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-cs4231
+-----------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
+
+port
+ port # for CS4231 chip
+mpu_port
+ port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
+irq
+ IRQ # for CS4231 chip
+mpu_irq
+ IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
+dma1
+ first DMA # for CS4231 chip
+dma2
+ second DMA # for CS4231 chip
+
+This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
+thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-cs4236
+-----------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A,
+CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
+
+isapnp
+ ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
+
+port
+ port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
+cport
+ control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
+mpu_port
+ port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
+fm_port
+ FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
+irq
+ IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
+mpu_irq
+ IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
+dma1
+ first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
+dma2
+ second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
+
+This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
+(if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
+specified!!! Other ports are optional.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+This module is aliased as snd-cs4232 since it provides the old
+snd-cs4232 functionality, too.
+
+Module snd-cs4281
+-----------------
+
+Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
+
+dual_codec
+ Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-cs46xx
+-----------------
+
+Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
+CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
+
+external_amp
+ Force to enable external amplifier.
+thinkpad
+ Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
+mmap_valid
+ Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
+from PCI sub vendor/device ids. If they don't work, give the options
+above explicitly.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-cs5530
+-----------------
+
+Module for Cyrix/NatSemi Geode 5530 chip.
+
+Module snd-cs5535audio
+----------------------
+
+Module for multifunction CS5535 companion PCI device
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-ctxfi
+----------------
+
+Module for Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi boards (20k1 / 20k2 chips)
+
+* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Champion Series
+* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Professional Series
+* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Professional Audio
+* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium
+* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Elite Pro
+* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Platinum
+* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Fatal1ty
+* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeGamer
+* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeMusic
+
+reference_rate
+ reference sample rate, 44100 or 48000 (default)
+multiple
+ multiple to ref. sample rate, 1 or 2 (default)
+subsystem
+ override the PCI SSID for probing;
+ the value consists of SSVID << 16 | SSDID.
+ The default is zero, which means no override.
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-darla20
+------------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio Darla20
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-darla24
+------------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio Darla24
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-dt019x
+-----------------
+
+Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
+only)
+
+This module supports multiple cards. This module is enabled only with
+ISA PnP support.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-dummy
+----------------
+
+Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output
+or input, but you may use this module for any application which
+requires a sound card (like RealPlayer).
+
+pcm_devs
+ Number of PCM devices assigned to each card (default = 1, up to 4)
+pcm_substreams
+ Number of PCM substreams assigned to each PCM (default = 8, up to 128)
+hrtimer
+ Use hrtimer (=1, default) or system timer (=0)
+fake_buffer
+ Fake buffer allocations (default = 1)
+
+When multiple PCM devices are created, snd-dummy gives different
+behavior to each PCM device:
+* 0 = interleaved with mmap support
+* 1 = non-interleaved with mmap support
+* 2 = interleaved without mmap
+* 3 = non-interleaved without mmap
+
+As default, snd-dummy drivers doesn't allocate the real buffers
+but either ignores read/write or mmap a single dummy page to all
+buffer pages, in order to save the resources. If your apps need
+the read/ written buffer data to be consistent, pass fake_buffer=0
+option.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-echo3g
+-----------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio 3G cards (Gina3G/Layla3G)
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-emu10k1
+------------------
+
+Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards.
+
+* Sound Blaster Live!
+* Sound Blaster PCI 512
+* Emu APS (partially supported)
+* Sound Blaster Audigy
+
+extin
+ bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
+extout
+ bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
+seq_ports
+ allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
+max_synth_voices
+ limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
+max_buffer_size
+ specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers given in MB
+ unit. Default value is 128.
+enable_ir
+ enable IR
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+Input & Output configurations [extin/extout]
+* Creative Card wo/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f03]
+* Creative Card w/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f0f]
+* Creative Card w/Digital CD in [0x000f/0x1f0f]
+* Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
+* Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
+* Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive [0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
+* Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
+* Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
+* Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
+* Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fff]
+* Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003 [0x3fc3/0x7cff]
+* Creative Card all ins and outs [0x3fff/0x7fff]
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-emu10k1x
+-------------------
+
+Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-ens1370
+------------------
+
+Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards.
+
+* SoundBlaster PCI 64
+* SoundBlaster PCI 128
+
+joystick
+ Enable joystick (default off)
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-ens1371
+------------------
+
+Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards.
+
+* SoundBlaster PCI 64
+* SoundBlaster PCI 128
+* SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
+
+joystick_port
+ port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218), 0 = disable
+ (default), 1 = auto-detect
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-es1688
+-----------------
+
+Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards.
+
+isapnp
+ ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+mpu_port
+ port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
+mpu_irq
+ IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
+fm_port
+ port # for OPL3 (option; share the same port as default)
+
+with ``isapnp=0``, the following additional options are available:
+
+port
+ port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
+irq
+ IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
+dma8
+ DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port)
+and PnP with the ES968 chip.
+
+Module snd-es18xx
+-----------------
+
+Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards.
+
+isapnp
+ ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
+
+port
+ port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
+mpu_port
+ port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
+fm_port
+ port # for FM (optional, not used)
+irq
+ IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
+dma1
+ first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
+dma2
+ first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
+
+This module supports multiple cards, ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401
+port if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
+When ``dma2`` is equal with ``dma1``, the driver works as half-duplex.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-es1938
+-----------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-es1968
+-----------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
+
+total_bufsize
+ total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
+pcm_substreams_p
+ playback channels (1-8, default=2)
+pcm_substreams_c
+ capture channels (1-8, default=0)
+clock
+ clock (0 = auto-detection)
+use_pm
+ support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
+enable_mpu
+ enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
+joystick
+ enable joystick (default off)
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-fm801
+----------------
+
+Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards.
+
+tea575x_tuner
+ Enable TEA575x tuner;
+ 1 = MediaForte 256-PCS,
+ 2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR,
+ 3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
+ High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1;
+ example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-gina20
+-----------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio Gina20
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-gina24
+-----------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio Gina24
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-gusclassic
+---------------------
+
+Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card.
+
+port
+ port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
+irq
+ IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
+dma1
+ DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
+dma2
+ DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
+joystick_dac
+ 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
+voices
+ GF1 voices limit (14-32)
+pcm_voices
+ reserved PCM voices
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+Module snd-gusextreme
+---------------------
+
+Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card.
+
+port
+ port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
+gf1_port
+ port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
+mpu_port
+ port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
+irq
+ IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
+gf1_irq
+ IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
+mpu_irq
+ IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
+dma8
+ DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
+dma1
+ DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
+joystick_dac
+ 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
+voices
+ GF1 voices limit (14-32)
+pcm_voices
+ reserved PCM voices
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
+
+Module snd-gusmax
+-----------------
+
+Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card.
+
+port
+ port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
+irq
+ IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
+dma1
+ DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
+dma2
+ DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
+joystick_dac
+ 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
+voices
+ GF1 voices limit (14-32)
+pcm_voices
+ reserved PCM voices
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+Module snd-hda-intel
+--------------------
+
+Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ESB2, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10,
+PCH, SCH), ATI SB450, SB600, R600, RS600, RS690, RS780, RV610, RV620,
+RV630, RV635, RV670, RV770, VIA VT8251/VT8237A, SIS966, ULI M5461
+
+[Multiple options for each card instance]
+
+model
+ force the model name
+position_fix
+ Fix DMA pointer;
+ -1 = system default: choose appropriate one per controller hardware,
+ 0 = auto: falls back to LPIB when POSBUF doesn't work,
+ 1 = use LPIB,
+ 2 = POSBUF: use position buffer,
+ 3 = VIACOMBO: VIA-specific workaround for capture,
+ 4 = COMBO: use LPIB for playback, auto for capture stream
+probe_mask
+ Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1, meaning all slots);
+ When the bit 8 (0x100) is set, the lower 8 bits are used
+ as the "fixed" codec slots; i.e. the driver probes the
+ slots regardless what hardware reports back
+probe_only
+ Only probing and no codec initialization (default=off);
+ Useful to check the initial codec status for debugging
+bdl_pos_adj
+ Specifies the DMA IRQ timing delay in samples.
+ Passing -1 will make the driver to choose the appropriate
+ value based on the controller chip.
+patch
+ Specifies the early "patch" files to modify the HD-audio setup
+ before initializing the codecs.
+ This option is available only when ``CONFIG_SND_HDA_PATCH_LOADER=y``
+ is set. See hd-audio/notes.rst for details.
+beep_mode
+ Selects the beep registration mode (0=off, 1=on);
+ default value is set via ``CONFIG_SND_HDA_INPUT_BEEP_MODE`` kconfig.
+
+[Single (global) options]
+
+single_cmd
+ Use single immediate commands to communicate with codecs
+ (for debugging only)
+enable_msi
+ Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (default = off)
+power_save
+ Automatic power-saving timeout (in second, 0 = disable)
+power_save_controller
+ Reset HD-audio controller in power-saving mode (default = on)
+align_buffer_size
+ Force rounding of buffer/period sizes to multiples of 128 bytes.
+ This is more efficient in terms of memory access but isn't
+ required by the HDA spec and prevents users from specifying
+ exact period/buffer sizes. (default = on)
+snoop
+ Enable/disable snooping (default = on)
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+See hd-audio/notes.rst for more details about HD-audio driver.
+
+Each codec may have a model table for different configurations.
+If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal)
+configuration is set up. You can pass ``model=<name>`` option to
+specify a certain model in such a case. There are different
+models depending on the codec chip. The list of available models
+is found in hd-audio/models.rst.
+
+The model name ``generic`` is treated as a special case. When this
+model is given, the driver uses the generic codec parser without
+"codec-patch". It's sometimes good for testing and debugging.
+
+If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above
+matches with your device, report it together with alsa-info.sh
+output (with ``--no-upload`` option) to kernel bugzilla or alsa-devel
+ML (see the section `Links and Addresses`_).
+
+``power_save`` and ``power_save_controller`` options are for power-saving
+mode. See powersave.txt for details.
+
+Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option
+``position_fix=1`` or ``2``. ``position_fix=1`` will use the SD_LPIB
+register value without FIFO size correction as the current
+DMA pointer. ``position_fix=2`` will make the driver to use
+the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register.
+(Usually SD_LPIB register is more accurate than the
+position buffer.)
+
+``position_fix=3`` is specific to VIA devices. The position
+of the capture stream is checked from both LPIB and POSBUF
+values. ``position_fix=4`` is a combination mode, using LPIB
+for playback and POSBUF for capture.
+
+NB: If you get many ``azx_get_response timeout`` messages at
+loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq
+routing). Try to boot with options like ``pci=noacpi``. Also, you
+can try ``single_cmd=1`` module option. This will switch the
+communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the
+single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB. Basically, the
+single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get
+unsolicited events, too. But, at least, this works independently
+from the irq. Remember this is a last resort, and should be
+avoided as much as possible...
+
+MORE NOTES ON ``azx_get_response timeout`` PROBLEMS:
+On some hardware, you may need to add a proper probe_mask option
+to avoid the ``azx_get_response timeout`` problem above, instead.
+This occurs when the access to non-existing or non-working codec slot
+(likely a modem one) causes a stall of the communication via HD-audio
+bus. You can see which codec slots are probed by enabling
+``CONFIG_SND_DEBUG_VERBOSE``, or simply from the file name of the codec
+proc files. Then limit the slots to probe by probe_mask option.
+For example, ``probe_mask=1`` means to probe only the first slot, and
+``probe_mask=4`` means only the third slot.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-hdsp
+---------------
+
+Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
+when ``CONFIG_FW_LOADER`` is set. Otherwise, you need to load
+the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
+package.
+The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
+
+Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
+module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
+when any HDSP cards are found. To make the buffer
+allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
+stage of boot sequence. See `Early Buffer Allocation`_
+section.
+
+Module snd-hdspm
+----------------
+
+Module for RME HDSP MADI board.
+
+precise_ptr
+ Enable precise pointer, or disable.
+line_outs_monitor
+ Send playback streams to analog outs by default.
+enable_monitor
+ Enable Analog Out on Channel 63/64 by default.
+
+See hdspm.txt for details.
+
+Module snd-ice1712
+------------------
+
+Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards.
+
+* MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
+* MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
+* MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
+* MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
+* MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
+* MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
+* MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
+* TerraTec EWS 88MT
+* TerraTec EWS 88D
+* TerraTec EWX 24/96
+* TerraTec DMX 6Fire
+* TerraTec Phase 88
+* Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
+* Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
+* Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
+* Event Electronics, EZ8
+* Digigram VX442
+* Lionstracs, Mediastaton
+* Terrasoniq TS 88
+
+model
+ Use the given board model, one of the following:
+ delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
+ delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
+ dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8,
+ phase88, mediastation
+omni
+ Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
+cs8427_timeout
+ reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver) in msec
+ resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+Note: The consumer part is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for
+example in the MidiMan Delta siree).
+
+Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
+SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
+model by passing ``model`` module option in case that the
+driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
+type for testing.
+
+Module snd-ice1724
+------------------
+
+Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards.
+
+* MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1
+* MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
+* MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 192
+* AMP Ltd AUDIO2000
+* TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky
+* TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Space
+* TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Universe
+* TerraTec Phase 22
+* TerraTec Phase 28
+* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1
+* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 LT
+* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 XT
+* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HIFI
+* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HD2
+* AudioTrak Prodigy 192
+* Pontis MS300
+* Albatron K8X800 Pro II
+* Chaintech ZNF3-150
+* Chaintech ZNF3-250
+* Chaintech 9CJS
+* Chaintech AV-710
+* Shuttle SN25P
+* Onkyo SE-90PCI
+* Onkyo SE-200PCI
+* ESI Juli@
+* ESI Maya44
+* Hercules Fortissimo IV
+* EGO-SYS WaveTerminal 192M
+
+model
+ Use the given board model, one of the following:
+ revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt,
+ prodigy71xt, prodigy71hifi, prodigyhd2, prodigy192,
+ juli, aureon51, aureon71, universe, ap192, k8x800,
+ phase22, phase28, ms300, av710, se200pci, se90pci,
+ fortissimo4, sn25p, WT192M, maya44
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
+SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
+model by passing ``model`` module option in case that the
+driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
+type for testing.
+
+Module snd-indigo
+-----------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio Indigo
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-indigodj
+-------------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio Indigo DJ
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-indigoio
+-------------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio Indigo IO
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-intel8x0
+-------------------
+
+Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
+
+* Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7,
+ 6300ESB, ESB2
+* SiS 7012 (SiS 735)
+* NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce3, MCP04, CK804 CK8, CK8S, MCP501
+* AMD AMD768, AMD8111
+* ALi m5455
+
+ac97_clock
+ AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
+ac97_quirk
+ AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
+ See `AC97 Quirk Option`_ section below.
+buggy_irq
+ Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some motherboards
+ (default yes on nForce chips, otherwise off)
+buggy_semaphore
+ Enable workaround for hardware with buggy semaphores (e.g. on some
+ ASUS laptops) (default off)
+spdif_aclink
+ Use S/PDIF over AC-link instead of direct connection from the
+ controller chip (0 = off, 1 = on, -1 = default)
+
+This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
+
+Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
+if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
+explicitly via the module option ``ac97_clock=41194``.
+
+Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver. If your
+motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
+modules, respectively.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-intel8x0m
+--------------------
+
+Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
+
+* Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7
+* SiS 7013 (SiS 735)
+* NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce2s, NForce3
+* AMD AMD8111
+* ALi m5455
+
+ac97_clock
+ AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
+
+This module supports one card and autoprobe.
+
+Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
+slot is excluded.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-interwave
+--------------------
+
+Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
+and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
+
+joystick_dac
+ 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
+midi
+ 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
+pcm_voices
+ reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
+effect
+ 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0); requires 8 voices
+isapnp
+ ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
+
+port
+ port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
+irq
+ IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
+dma1
+ DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
+dma2
+ DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
+
+This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
+
+Module snd-interwave-stb
+------------------------
+
+Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq)
+and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
+circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
+
+joystick_dac
+ 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
+midi
+ 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
+pcm_voices
+ reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
+effect
+ 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0); requires 8 voices
+isapnp
+ ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
+
+port
+ port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
+port_tc
+ tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
+irq
+ IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
+dma1
+ DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
+dma2
+ DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
+
+This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
+
+Module snd-jazz16
+-------------------
+
+Module for Media Vision Jazz16 chipset. The chipset consists of 3 chips:
+MVD1216 + MVA416 + MVA514.
+
+port
+ port # for SB DSP chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
+irq
+ IRQ # for SB DSP chip (3,5,7,9,10,15)
+dma8
+ DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
+dma16
+ DMA # for SB DSP chip (5,7)
+mpu_port
+ MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
+mpu_irq
+ MPU-401 irq # (2,3,5,7)
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-korg1212
+-------------------
+
+Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-layla20
+------------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio Layla20
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-layla24
+------------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio Layla24
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-lola
+---------------
+
+Module for Digigram Lola PCI-e boards
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-lx6464es
+-------------------
+
+Module for Digigram LX6464ES boards
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-maestro3
+-------------------
+
+Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
+
+external_amp
+ enable external amp (enabled by default)
+amp_gpio
+ GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or -1 for default pin (8
+ for allegro, 1 for others)
+
+This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
+
+Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
+If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
+specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option.
+For example, a Panasonic notebook might need ``amp_gpio=0x0d``
+option.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-mia
+---------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio Mia
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-miro
+---------------
+
+Module for Miro soundcards: miroSOUND PCM 1 pro, miroSOUND PCM 12,
+miroSOUND PCM 20 Radio.
+
+port
+ Port # (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
+irq
+ IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
+dma1
+ 1st dma # (0,1,3)
+dma2
+ 2nd dma # (0,1)
+mpu_port
+ MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
+mpu_irq
+ MPU-401 irq # (5,7,9,10)
+fm_port
+ FM Port # (0x388)
+wss
+ enable WSS mode
+ide
+ enable onboard ide support
+
+Module snd-mixart
+-----------------
+
+Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards.
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
+See MIXART.txt for details.
+
+When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
+is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
+Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
+When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
+firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
+
+Module snd-mona
+---------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio Mona
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-mpu401
+-----------------
+
+Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
+
+port
+ port number or -1 (disable)
+irq
+ IRQ number or -1 (disable)
+pnp
+ PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+This module supports multiple devices and PnP.
+
+Module snd-msnd-classic
+-----------------------
+
+Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Classic, Tahiti or Monterey
+soundcards.
+
+io
+ Port # for msnd-classic card
+irq
+ IRQ # for msnd-classic card
+mem
+ Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000, 0xe0000 or 0xe8000)
+write_ndelay
+ enable write ndelay (default = 1)
+calibrate_signal
+ calibrate signal (default = 0)
+isapnp
+ ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+digital
+ Digital daughterboard present (default = 0)
+cfg
+ Config port (0x250, 0x260 or 0x270) default = PnP
+reset
+ Reset all devices
+mpu_io
+ MPU401 I/O port
+mpu_irq
+ MPU401 irq#
+ide_io0
+ IDE port #0
+ide_io1
+ IDE port #1
+ide_irq
+ IDE irq#
+joystick_io
+ Joystick I/O port
+
+The driver requires firmware files ``turtlebeach/msndinit.bin`` and
+``turtlebeach/msndperm.bin`` in the proper firmware directory.
+
+See Documentation/sound/oss/MultiSound for important information
+about this driver. Note that it has been discontinued, but the
+Voyetra Turtle Beach knowledge base entry for it is still available
+at
+http://www.turtlebeach.com
+
+Module snd-msnd-pinnacle
+------------------------
+
+Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Pinnacle/Fiji soundcards.
+
+io
+ Port # for pinnacle/fiji card
+irq
+ IRQ # for pinnalce/fiji card
+mem
+ Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000, 0xe0000 or 0xe8000)
+write_ndelay
+ enable write ndelay (default = 1)
+calibrate_signal
+ calibrate signal (default = 0)
+isapnp
+ ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+The driver requires firmware files ``turtlebeach/pndspini.bin`` and
+``turtlebeach/pndsperm.bin`` in the proper firmware directory.
+
+Module snd-mtpav
+----------------
+
+Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
+port).
+
+port
+ I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
+irq
+ IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
+hwports
+ number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
+
+Module supports only 1 card. This module has no enable option.
+
+Module snd-mts64
+----------------
+
+Module for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140
+
+This module supports multiple devices.
+Requires parport (``CONFIG_PARPORT``).
+
+Module snd-nm256
+----------------
+
+Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
+
+playback_bufsize
+ max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
+capture_bufsize
+ max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
+force_ac97
+ 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
+buffer_top
+ specify buffer top address
+use_cache
+ 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
+vaio_hack
+ alias buffer_top=0x25a800
+reset_workaround
+ enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
+reset_workaround2
+ enable extended AC97 RESET workaround for some other laptops
+
+This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
+automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
+In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicitly via
+the buffer_top option.
+For example,
+Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
+Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
+The driver supports only ac97 codec. It's possible to force
+to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected. In such a
+case, use ``force_ac97=1`` option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
+works!
+
+Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
+codecs. This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
+with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
+even though the device is detected in lspci. In such a case, try
+other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2. Some has ISA-PnP
+but some doesn't have ISA PnP. You'll need to specify ``isapnp=0``
+and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
+
+Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET. For the
+known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
+workaround is enabled automatically. For other laptops with a
+hard freeze, you can try ``reset_workaround=1`` option.
+
+Note: Dell Latitude CSx laptops have another problem regarding
+AC97 RESET. On these laptops, reset_workaround2 option is
+turned on as default. This option is worth to try if the
+previous reset_workaround option doesn't help.
+
+Note: This driver is really crappy. It's a porting from the
+OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
+The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
+X-server as described above. You might be able to force to load
+the module, but it may result in hang-up. Hence, make sure that
+you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
+problem.
+
+Module snd-opl3sa2
+------------------
+
+Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards.
+
+isapnp
+ ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
+
+port
+ control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
+sb_port
+ SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
+wss_port
+ WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
+midi_port
+ port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
+fm_port
+ FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
+irq
+ IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
+dma1
+ first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
+dma2
+ second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
+
+This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP. It does not support
+autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
+-------------------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
+Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
+
+isapnp
+ ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
+
+port
+ port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
+mpu_port
+ port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
+fm_port
+ port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
+irq
+ IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
+mpu_irq
+ IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
+dma1
+ first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
+
+This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
+
+Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
+-------------------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
+
+isapnp
+ ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
+
+port
+ port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
+mpu_port
+ port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
+fm_port
+ port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
+irq
+ IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
+mpu_irq
+ IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
+dma1
+ first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
+dma2
+ second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
+
+This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
+
+Module snd-opti93x
+------------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
+
+isapnp
+ ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
+
+port
+ port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
+mpu_port
+ port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
+fm_port
+ port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
+irq
+ IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
+mpu_irq
+ IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
+dma1
+ first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
+dma2
+ second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
+
+This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
+
+Module snd-oxygen
+-----------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on the C-Media CMI8786/8787/8788 chip:
+
+* Asound A-8788
+* Asus Xonar DG/DGX
+* AuzenTech X-Meridian
+* AuzenTech X-Meridian 2G
+* Bgears b-Enspirer
+* Club3D Theatron DTS
+* HT-Omega Claro (plus)
+* HT-Omega Claro halo (XT)
+* Kuroutoshikou CMI8787-HG2PCI
+* Razer Barracuda AC-1
+* Sondigo Inferno
+* TempoTec HiFier Fantasia
+* TempoTec HiFier Serenade
+
+This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-pcsp
+---------------
+
+Module for internal PC-Speaker.
+
+nopcm
+ Disable PC-Speaker PCM sound. Only beeps remain.
+nforce_wa
+ enable NForce chipset workaround. Expect bad sound.
+
+This module supports system beeps, some kind of PCM playback and
+even a few mixer controls.
+
+Module snd-pcxhr
+----------------
+
+Module for Digigram PCXHR boards
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-portman2x4
+---------------------
+
+Module for Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI interface
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
+---------------------------------
+
+Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
+
+enable_beep
+ enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
+
+Module supports autoprobe a chip.
+
+Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianness.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-pxa2xx-ac97 (on arm only)
+------------------------------------
+
+Module for AC97 driver for the Intel PXA2xx chip
+
+For ARM architecture only.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-riptide
+------------------
+
+Module for Conexant Riptide chip
+
+joystick_port
+ Joystick port # (default: 0x200)
+mpu_port
+ MPU401 port # (default: 0x330)
+opl3_port
+ OPL3 port # (default: 0x388)
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+You need to install the firmware file ``riptide.hex`` to the standard
+firmware path (e.g. /lib/firmware).
+
+Module snd-rme32
+----------------
+
+Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32,
+Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards.
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-rme96
+----------------
+
+Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards.
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-rme9652
+------------------
+
+Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards.
+
+precise_ptr
+ Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably). (default = 0)
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
+module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
+when any RME9652 cards are found. To make the buffer
+allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
+stage of boot sequence. See `Early Buffer Allocation`_
+section.
+
+Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
+---------------------------------------
+
+Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card.
+
+Module supports only one card.
+Module has no enable and index options.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-sb8
+--------------
+
+Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0, SoundBlaster 2.0,
+SoundBlaster Pro
+
+port
+ port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
+irq
+ IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
+dma8
+ DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
+-----------------------------
+
+Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
+SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP), SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
+
+mic_agc
+ Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+csp
+ ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
+isapnp
+ ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
+
+port
+ port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
+mpu_port
+ port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
+awe_port
+ base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660) (snd-sbawe
+ module only)
+irq
+ IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
+dma8
+ 8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
+dma16
+ 16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
+
+This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
+
+Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
+disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
+Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
+half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
+16-bit DMA channel.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-sc6000
+-----------------
+
+Module for Gallant SC-6000 soundcard and later models: SC-6600 and
+SC-7000.
+
+port
+ Port # (0x220 or 0x240)
+mss_port
+ MSS Port # (0x530 or 0xe80)
+irq
+ IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
+mpu_irq
+ MPU-401 IRQ # (5,7,9,10) ,0 - no MPU-401 irq
+dma
+ DMA # (1,3,0)
+joystick
+ Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+This card is also known as Audio Excel DSP 16 or Zoltrix AV302.
+
+Module snd-sscape
+-----------------
+
+Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape cards.
+
+port
+ Port # (PnP setup)
+wss_port
+ WSS Port # (PnP setup)
+irq
+ IRQ # (PnP setup)
+mpu_irq
+ MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
+dma
+ DMA # (PnP setup)
+dma2
+ 2nd DMA # (PnP setup, -1 to disable)
+joystick
+ Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
+--------------------------------------
+
+Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
+-------------------------------------
+
+Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-sun-dbri (on sparc only)
+-----------------------------------
+
+Module for DBRI sound chips found on Sparcs.
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-wavefront
+--------------------
+
+Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards.
+
+use_cs4232_midi
+ Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
+ (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
+isapnp
+ ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
+
+cs4232_pcm_port
+ Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
+cs4232_pcm_irq
+ IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
+cs4232_mpu_port
+ Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
+cs4232_mpu_irq
+ IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
+ics2115_port
+ Port # for ICS2115
+ics2115_irq
+ IRQ # for ICS2115
+fm_port
+ FM OPL-3 Port #
+dma1
+ DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
+dma2
+ DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
+
+The below are options for wavefront_synth features:
+
+wf_raw
+ Assume that we need to boot the OS (default:no);
+ If yes, then during driver loading, the state of the board is
+ ignored, and we reset the board and load the firmware anyway.
+fx_raw
+ Assume that the FX process needs help (default:yes);
+ If false, we'll leave the FX processor in whatever state it is
+ when the driver is loaded. The default is to download the
+ microprogram and associated coefficients to set it up for
+ "default" operation, whatever that means.
+debug_default
+ Debug parameters for card initialization
+wait_usecs
+ How long to wait without sleeping, usecs (default:150);
+ This magic number seems to give pretty optimal throughput
+ based on my limited experimentation.
+ If you want to play around with it and find a better value, be
+ my guest. Remember, the idea is to get a number that causes us
+ to just busy wait for as many WaveFront commands as possible,
+ without coming up with a number so large that we hog the whole
+ CPU.
+ Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000 status
+ waits, only about 250 result in a sleep.
+sleep_interval
+ How long to sleep when waiting for reply (default: 100)
+sleep_tries
+ How many times to try sleeping during a wait (default: 50)
+ospath
+ Pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware (default:wavefront.os);
+ The path name of the ISC2115 OS firmware. In the recent
+ version, it's handled via firmware loader framework, so it
+ must be installed in the proper path, typically,
+ /lib/firmware.
+reset_time
+ How long to wait for a reset to take effect (default:2)
+ramcheck_time
+ How many seconds to wait for the RAM test (default:20)
+osrun_time
+ How many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS (default:10)
+
+This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.
+
+Note: the firmware file ``wavefront.os`` was located in the earlier
+version in /etc. Now it's loaded via firmware loader, and
+must be in the proper firmware path, such as /lib/firmware.
+Copy (or symlink) the file appropriately if you get an error
+regarding firmware downloading after upgrading the kernel.
+
+Module snd-sonicvibes
+---------------------
+
+Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards.
+* PINE Schubert 32 PCI
+
+reverb
+ Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default);
+ SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
+mge
+ Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+Module snd-serial-u16550
+------------------------
+
+Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
+
+port
+ port # for UART16550A chip
+irq
+ IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
+speed
+ speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
+ 38400 = default
+base
+ base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
+ 115200 = default
+outs
+ number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
+ 1 = default
+adaptor
+ Type of adaptor.
+ 0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
+ 3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
+
+This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
+thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
+
+Module snd-trident
+------------------
+
+Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards.
+* Best Union Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
+* HIS 4DWave PCI
+* Warpspeed ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
+* AzTech PCI 64-Q3D
+* Addonics SV 750
+* CHIC True Sound 4Dwave
+* Shark Predator4D-PCI
+* Jaton SonicWave 4D
+* SiS SI7018 PCI Audio
+* Hoontech SoundTrack Digital 4DWave NX
+
+pcm_channels
+ max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
+wavetable_size
+ max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-ua101
+----------------
+
+Module for the Edirol UA-101/UA-1000 audio/MIDI interfaces.
+
+This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
+
+Module snd-usb-audio
+--------------------
+
+Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
+
+vid
+ Vendor ID for the device (optional)
+pid
+ Product ID for the device (optional)
+nrpacks
+ Max. number of packets per URB (default: 8)
+device_setup
+ Device specific magic number (optional);
+ Influence depends on the device
+ Default: 0x0000
+ignore_ctl_error
+ Ignore any USB-controller regarding mixer interface (default: no)
+autoclock
+ Enable auto-clock selection for UAC2 devices (default: yes)
+quirk_alias
+ Quirk alias list, pass strings like ``0123abcd:5678beef``, which
+ applies the existing quirk for the device 5678:beef to a new
+ device 0123:abcd.
+
+This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
+
+NB: ``nrpacks`` parameter can be modified dynamically via sysfs.
+Don't put the value over 20. Changing via sysfs has no sanity
+check.
+
+NB: ``ignore_ctl_error=1`` may help when you get an error at accessing
+the mixer element such as URB error -22. This happens on some
+buggy USB device or the controller.
+
+NB: quirk_alias option is provided only for testing / development.
+If you want to have a proper support, contact to upstream for
+adding the matching quirk in the driver code statically.
+
+Module snd-usb-caiaq
+--------------------
+
+Module for caiaq UB audio interfaces,
+
+* Native Instruments RigKontrol2
+* Native Instruments Kore Controller
+* Native Instruments Audio Kontrol 1
+* Native Instruments Audio 8 DJ
+
+This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
+
+Module snd-usb-usx2y
+--------------------
+
+Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
+
+This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
+
+Note: you need to load the firmware via ``usx2yloader`` utility included
+in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
+
+Module snd-via82xx
+------------------
+
+Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233, 8233A,
+8233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge.
+
+mpu_port
+ 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
+ [VIA686A/686B only]
+joystick
+ Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
+ac97_clock
+ AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
+dxs_support
+ support DXS channels, 0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
+ 3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample rate and different
+ sample rates on different channels [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only]
+ac97_quirk
+ AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
+ See `AC97 Quirk Option`_ section below.
+
+This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
+
+Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
+not be generated properly. In such a case, please try to
+set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
+default value 1.4. Then the interrupt number will be
+assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
+
+Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
+channels as the first PCM. On these channels, up to 4
+streams can be played at the same time, and the controller
+can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for
+each channel.
+As default (``dxs_support = 0``), 48k fixed rate is chosen
+except for the known devices since the output is often
+noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
+bug of BIOS.
+Please try once ``dxs_support=5`` and if it works on other
+sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
+know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
+``lspci -nv``).
+If ``dxs_support=5`` does not work, try ``dxs_support=4``; if it
+doesn't work too, try dxs_support=1. (dxs_support=1 is
+usually for old motherboards. The correct implemented
+board should work with 4 or 5.) If it still doesn't
+work and the default setting is ok, ``dxs_support=3`` is the
+right choice. If the default setting doesn't work at all,
+try ``dxs_support=2`` to disable the DXS channels.
+In any cases, please let us know the result and the
+subsystem vendor/device ids. See `Links and Addresses`_
+below.
+
+Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
+additionally. The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-via82xx-modem
+------------------------
+
+Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
+
+ac97_clock
+ AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
+
+This module supports one card and autoprobe.
+
+Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
+slot is excluded.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-virmidi
+------------------
+
+Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
+This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
+to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
+
+midi_devs
+ MIDI devices # (1-4, default=4)
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-virtuoso
+-------------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on the Asus AV66/AV100/AV200 chips,
+i.e., Xonar D1, DX, D2, D2X, DS, DSX, Essence ST (Deluxe),
+Essence STX (II), HDAV1.3 (Deluxe), and HDAV1.3 Slim.
+
+This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-vx222
+----------------
+
+Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
+
+mic
+ Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
+ibl
+ Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
+is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
+Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
+When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
+firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package. To invoke
+vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
+
+::
+
+ install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222\
+ && /usr/bin/vxloader
+
+(for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add ``post-install /usr/bin/vxloader`` to
+/etc/modules.conf, instead.)
+IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM. The smaller size
+gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
+The size is usually aligned to 126. As default (=0), the smallest
+size is chosen. The possible IBL values can be found in
+/proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-vxpocket
+-------------------
+
+Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 and 440 PCMCIA cards.
+
+ibl
+ Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
+
+This module supports multiple cards. The module is compiled only when
+PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
+
+With the older 2.6.x kernel, to activate the driver via the card
+manager, you'll need to set up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf. See the
+sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c. 2.6.13 or later kernel requires no
+longer require a config file.
+
+When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
+is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
+Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
+When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
+firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
+
+About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
+
+Note: snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket driver since
+ALSA 1.0.10.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-ymfpci
+-----------------
+
+Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
+
+mpu_port
+ 0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
+ 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
+fm_port
+ 0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
+ 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
+joystick_port
+ 0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
+ 1 (auto-detect)
+rear_switch
+ enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
+
+This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-pdaudiocf
+--------------------
+
+Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+
+AC97 Quirk Option
+=================
+
+The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround for
+specific devices on drivers for on-board AC'97 controllers like
+snd-intel8x0. Some hardware have swapped output pins between Master
+and Headphone, or Surround (thanks to confusion of AC'97
+specifications from version to version :-)
+
+The driver provides the auto-detection of known problematic devices,
+but some might be unknown or wrongly detected. In such a case, pass
+the proper value with this option.
+
+The following strings are accepted:
+
+default
+ Don't override the default setting
+none
+ Disable the quirk
+hp_only
+ Bind Master and Headphone controls as a single control
+swap_hp
+ Swap headphone and master controls
+swap_surround
+ Swap master and surround controls
+ad_sharing
+ For AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
+alc_jack
+ For ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
+inv_eapd
+ Inverted EAPD implementation
+mute_led
+ Bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
+
+For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer value -1, 0, ...
+are accepted, too.
+
+For example, if ``Master`` volume control has no effect on your device
+but only ``Headphone`` does, pass ac97_quirk=hp_only module option.
+
+
+Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
+============================
+
+When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
+supporting the isapnp cards will have module options ``isapnp``.
+If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
+For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass ``isapnp=0`` option
+together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
+
+When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
+will be not built in.
+
+
+Module Autoloading Support
+==========================
+
+The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
+module aliases. The string ``snd-card-%1`` is requested for ALSA native
+devices where ``%i`` is sound card number from zero to seven.
+
+To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
+``sound-slot-%i`` where ``%i`` means the slot number for OSS, which
+corresponds to the card index of ALSA. Usually, define this
+as the same card module.
+
+An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
+::
+
+ ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
+ alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
+ alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
+ ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
+
+The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module
+option ``cards_limit`` of snd module. As default it's set to 1.
+To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
+sound cards in that option.
+
+When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
+number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
+cards is kept consistent.
+
+An example configuration for two sound cards is like below:
+::
+
+ ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
+ # ALSA portion
+ options snd cards_limit=2
+ alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
+ alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
+ options snd-interwave index=0
+ options snd-ens1371 index=1
+ # OSS/Free portion
+ alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
+ alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
+ ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
+
+In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
+(index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
+
+Alternative (and new) way to fixate the slot assignment is to use
+``slots`` option of snd module. In the case above, specify like the
+following:
+::
+
+ options snd slots=snd-interwave,snd-ens1371
+
+Then, the first slot (#0) is reserved for snd-interwave driver, and
+the second (#1) for snd-ens1371. You can omit index option in each
+driver if slots option is used (although you can still have them at
+the same time as long as they don't conflict).
+
+The slots option is especially useful for avoiding the possible
+hot-plugging and the resultant slot conflict. For example, in the
+case above again, the first two slots are already reserved. If any
+other driver (e.g. snd-usb-audio) is loaded before snd-interwave or
+snd-ens1371, it will be assigned to the third or later slot.
+
+When a module name is given with '!', the slot will be given for any
+modules but that name. For example, ``slots=!snd-pcsp`` will reserve
+the first slot for any modules but snd-pcsp.
+
+
+ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
+=======================================
+::
+
+ /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
+ /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp) -> minor 3
+ /dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp) -> minor 12
+ /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio1 -> minor 4+16 = 20
+ /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp1 -> minor 3+16 = 19
+ /dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp1 -> minor 12+16 = 28
+ /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio2 -> minor 4+32 = 36
+ /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp2 -> minor 3+32 = 39
+ /dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp2 -> minor 12+32 = 44
+
+The first number from ``/dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p]`` expression means
+sound card number and second means device number. The ALSA devices
+have either ``c`` or ``p`` suffix indicating the direction, capture and
+playback, respectively.
+
+Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
+options of snd-pcm-oss module.
+
+
+Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
+==============================
+
+/proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
+-------------------------------
+erase
+ erase all additional information about OSS applications
+
+<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]
+ <app_name>
+ name of application with (higher priority) or without path
+ <fragments>
+ number of fragments or zero if auto
+ <fragment_size>
+ size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
+ <options>
+ optional parameters
+
+ disable
+ the application tries to open a pcm device for
+ this channel but does not want to use it.
+ (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
+ It's good for Quake etc...
+ direct
+ don't use plugins
+ block
+ force block mode (rvplayer)
+ non-block
+ force non-block mode
+ whole-frag
+ write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
+ playback only)
+ no-silence
+ do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
+ buggy-ptr
+ Returns the whitespace blocks in GETOPTR ioctl
+ instead of filled blocks
+
+Example:
+::
+
+ echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
+ echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
+ echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
+
+
+Early Buffer Allocation
+=======================
+
+Some drivers (e.g. hdsp) require the large contiguous buffers, and
+sometimes it's too late to find such spaces when the driver module is
+actually loaded due to memory fragmentation. You can pre-allocate the
+PCM buffers by loading snd-page-alloc module and write commands to its
+proc file in prior, for example, in the early boot stage like
+``/etc/init.d/*.local`` scripts.
+
+Reading the proc file /proc/drivers/snd-page-alloc shows the current
+usage of page allocation. In writing, you can send the following
+commands to the snd-page-alloc driver:
+
+* add VENDOR DEVICE MASK SIZE BUFFERS
+
+VENDOR and DEVICE are PCI vendor and device IDs. They take
+integer numbers (0x prefix is needed for the hex).
+MASK is the PCI DMA mask. Pass 0 if not restricted.
+SIZE is the size of each buffer to allocate. You can pass
+k and m suffix for KB and MB. The max number is 16MB.
+BUFFERS is the number of buffers to allocate. It must be greater
+than 0. The max number is 4.
+
+* erase
+
+This will erase the all pre-allocated buffers which are not in
+use.
+
+
+Links and Addresses
+===================
+
+ALSA project homepage
+ http://www.alsa-project.org
+Kernel Bugzilla
+ http://bugzilla.kernel.org/
+ALSA Developers ML
+ mailto:alsa-devel@alsa-project.org
+alsa-info.sh script
+ http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-info.sh
+++ /dev/null
-
- Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver
- ==========================================
- Configuration guide
-
-
-Kernel Configuration
-====================
-
-To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with
-primary sound card support (CONFIG_SOUND). Since ALSA can emulate OSS,
-you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules.
-
-Enable "OSS API emulation" (CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL) and both OSS mixer and
-PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA.
-
-If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as
-SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support"
-(CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER).
-
-To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk"
-and "Debug" options. To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory"
-too. "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards.
-
-Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API
-(if the card supports ISA PnP). You don't need to configure the cards
-using isapnptools.
-
-
-Creating ALSA devices
-=====================
-
-This depends on your distribution, but normally you use the /dev/MAKEDEV
-script to create the necessary device nodes. On some systems you use a
-script named 'snddevices'.
-
-
-Module parameters
-=================
-
-The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than
-one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can
-specify multiple values for the option separated by commas.
-
-Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.
-
- Module snd
- ----------
-
- The core ALSA module. It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
- It takes the following options which have global effects.
-
- major - major number for sound driver
- - Default: 116
- cards_limit
- - limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8)
- - Default: 1
- - For auto-loading more than one card, specify this
- option together with snd-card-X aliases.
- slots - Reserve the slot index for the given driver.
- This option takes multiple strings.
- See "Module Autoloading Support" section for details.
- debug - Specifies the debug message level
- (0 = disable debug prints, 1 = normal debug messages,
- 2 = verbose debug messages)
- This option appears only when CONFIG_SND_DEBUG=y.
- This option can be dynamically changed via sysfs
- /sys/modules/snd/parameters/debug file.
-
- Module snd-pcm-oss
- ------------------
-
- The PCM OSS emulation module.
- This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
-
- dsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
- - Default: 0
- adsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
- - Default: 1
- nonblock_open
- - Don't block opening busy PCM devices. Default: 1
-
- For example, when dsp_map=2, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
- the card #0. Similarly, when adsp_map=0, /dev/adsp will be mapped
- to PCM #0 of the card #0.
- For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
- commas, such like "dsp_map=0,1".
-
- nonblock_open option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
- regarding opening the device. When this option is non-zero,
- opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
- immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
-
- Module snd-rawmidi
- ------------------
-
- This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
- similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module.
-
- midi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
- - Default: 0
- amidi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
- - Default: 1
-
- Common parameters for top sound card modules
- --------------------------------------------
-
- Each of top level sound card module takes the following options.
-
- index - index (slot #) of sound card
- - Values: 0 through 31 or negative
- - If nonnegative, assign that index number
- - if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible
- indices; the first free permitted index is assigned
- - Default: -1
- id - card ID (identifier or name)
- - Can be up to 15 characters long
- - Default: the card type
- - A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/
- containing information about the card
- - This ID can be used instead of the index number in
- identifying the card
- enable - enable card
- - Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards
-
- Module snd-adlib
- ----------------
-
- Module for AdLib FM cards.
-
- port - port # for OPL chip
-
- This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe, so
- the port must be specified. For actual AdLib FM cards it will be 0x388.
- Note that this card does not have PCM support and no mixer; only FM
- synthesis.
-
- Make sure you have "sbiload" from the alsa-tools package available and,
- after loading the module, find out the assigned ALSA sequencer port
- number through "sbiload -l". Example output:
-
- Port Client name Port name
- 64:0 OPL2 FM synth OPL2 FM Port
-
- Load the std.sb and drums.sb patches also supplied by sbiload:
-
- sbiload -p 64:0 std.sb drums.sb
-
- If you use this driver to drive an OPL3, you can use std.o3 and drums.o3
- instead. To have the card produce sound, use aplaymidi from alsa-utils:
-
- aplaymidi -p 64:0 foo.mid
-
- Module snd-ad1816a
- ------------------
-
- Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
-
- clockfreq - Clock frequency for AD1816A chip (default = 0, 33000Hz)
-
- This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
-
- Module snd-ad1848
- -----------------
-
- Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
-
- port - port # for AD1848 chip
- irq - IRQ # for AD1848 chip
- dma1 - DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
-
- This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe
- thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-ad1889
- -----------------
-
- Module for Analog Devices AD1889 chips.
-
- ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
- See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- Module snd-ali5451
- ------------------
-
- Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
-
- pcm_channels - Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
- spdif - Support SPDIF I/O
- - Default: disabled
-
- This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-als100
- -----------------
-
- Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
-
- This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-als300
- -----------------
-
- Module for Avance Logic ALS300 and ALS300+
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-als4000
- ------------------
-
- Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
-
- joystick_port - port # for legacy joystick support.
- 0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
-
- This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-asihpi
- -----------------
-
- Module for AudioScience ASI soundcards
-
- enable_hpi_hwdep - enable HPI hwdep for AudioScience soundcard
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
- The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
- Module snd-atiixp
- -----------------
-
- Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250/400 AC97 controllers.
-
- ac97_clock - AC'97 clock (default = 48000)
- ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
- See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
- ac97_codec - Workaround to specify which AC'97 codec
- instead of probing. If this works for you
- file a bug with your `lspci -vn` output.
- -2 -- Force probing.
- -1 -- Default behavior.
- 0-2 -- Use the specified codec.
- spdif_aclink - S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
-
- This module supports one card and autoprobe.
-
- ATI IXP has two different methods to control SPDIF output. One is
- over AC-link and another is over the "direct" SPDIF output. The
- implementation depends on the motherboard, and you'll need to
- choose the correct one via spdif_aclink module option.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-atiixp-modem
- -----------------------
-
- Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
-
- This module supports one card and autoprobe.
-
- Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
- slot is excluded.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
- -----------------------------------------
-
- Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
-
- pcifix - Control PCI workarounds
- 0 = Disable all workarounds
- 1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff
- 2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
- Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge
- 3 = Force both settings
- 255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
-
- This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
- EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
- Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
- http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
- SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
- "spdif" pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
- The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and
- Advantage.
-
- Note: Some ALSA mixer applications don't handle the SPDIF sample rate
- control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
- another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
-
- Module snd-azt1605
- ------------------
-
- Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcards based on the Aztech AZT1605
- chipset.
-
- port - port # for BASE (0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280)
- wss_port - port # for WSS (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
- irq - IRQ # for WSS (7,9,10,11)
- dma1 - DMA # for WSS playback (0,1,3)
- dma2 - DMA # for WSS capture (0,1), -1 = disabled (default)
- mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disabled (default)
- mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (3,5,7,9), -1 = disabled (default)
- fm_port - port # for OPL3 (0x388), -1 = disabled (default)
-
- This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe: port,
- wss_port, irq and dma1 have to be specified. The other values are
- optional.
-
- "port" needs to match the BASE ADDRESS jumper on the card (0x220 or 0x240)
- or the value stored in the card's EEPROM for cards that have an EEPROM and
- their "CONFIG MODE" jumper set to "EEPROM SETTING". The other values can
- be chosen freely from the options enumerated above.
-
- If dma2 is specified and different from dma1, the card will operate in
- full-duplex mode. When dma1=3, only dma2=0 is valid and the only way to
- enable capture since only channels 0 and 1 are available for capture.
-
- Generic settings are "port=0x220 wss_port=0x530 irq=10 dma1=1 dma2=0
- mpu_port=0x330 mpu_irq=9 fm_port=0x388".
-
- Whatever IRQ and DMA channels you pick, be sure to reserve them for
- legacy ISA in your BIOS.
-
- Module snd-azt2316
- ------------------
-
- Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcards based on the Aztech AZT2316
- chipset.
-
- port - port # for BASE (0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280)
- wss_port - port # for WSS (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
- irq - IRQ # for WSS (7,9,10,11)
- dma1 - DMA # for WSS playback (0,1,3)
- dma2 - DMA # for WSS capture (0,1), -1 = disabled (default)
- mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disabled (default)
- mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10), -1 = disabled (default)
- fm_port - port # for OPL3 (0x388), -1 = disabled (default)
-
- This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe: port,
- wss_port, irq and dma1 have to be specified. The other values are
- optional.
-
- "port" needs to match the BASE ADDRESS jumper on the card (0x220 or 0x240)
- or the value stored in the card's EEPROM for cards that have an EEPROM and
- their "CONFIG MODE" jumper set to "EEPROM SETTING". The other values can
- be chosen freely from the options enumerated above.
-
- If dma2 is specified and different from dma1, the card will operate in
- full-duplex mode. When dma1=3, only dma2=0 is valid and the only way to
- enable capture since only channels 0 and 1 are available for capture.
-
- Generic settings are "port=0x220 wss_port=0x530 irq=10 dma1=1 dma2=0
- mpu_port=0x330 mpu_irq=9 fm_port=0x388".
-
- Whatever IRQ and DMA channels you pick, be sure to reserve them for
- legacy ISA in your BIOS.
-
- Module snd-aw2
- --------------
-
- Module for Audiowerk2 sound card
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- Module snd-azt2320
- ------------------
-
- Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
-
- This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-azt3328
- ------------------
-
- Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
-
- joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- Module snd-bt87x
- ----------------
-
- Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
-
- digital_rate - Override the default digital rate (Hz)
- load_all - Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
- slot is excluded.
-
- Module snd-ca0106
- -----------------
-
- Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
-
- Module snd-cmi8330
- ------------------
-
- Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
-
- isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
- with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
-
- wssport - port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
- wssirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
- wssdma - first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
- sbport - port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
- sbirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
- sbdma8 - 8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
- sbdma16 - 16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
- fmport - (optional) OPL3 I/O port
- mpuport - (optional) MPU401 I/O port
- mpuirq - (optional) MPU401 irq #
-
- This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-cmipci
- -----------------
-
- Module for C-Media CMI8338/8738/8768/8770 PCI sound cards.
-
- mpu_port - port address of MIDI interface (8338 only):
- 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 = legacy port,
- 0 = disable (default)
- fm_port - port address of OPL-3 FM synthesizer (8x38 only):
- 0x388 = legacy port,
- 1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
- 0 = disable
- soft_ac3 - Software-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only)
- (default = 1)
- joystick_port - Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
-
- This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-cs4231
- -----------------
-
- Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
-
- port - port # for CS4231 chip
- mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
- irq - IRQ # for CS4231 chip
- mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
- dma1 - first DMA # for CS4231 chip
- dma2 - second DMA # for CS4231 chip
-
- This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
- thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-cs4236
- -----------------
-
- Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A,
- CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/
- CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
-
- isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
- with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
-
- port - port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
- cport - control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
- mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
- fm_port - FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
- irq - IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
- mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
- dma1 - first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
- dma2 - second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
-
- This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
- (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
- specified!!! Other ports are optional.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- This module is aliased as snd-cs4232 since it provides the old
- snd-cs4232 functionality, too.
-
- Module snd-cs4281
- -----------------
-
- Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
-
- dual_codec - Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-cs46xx
- -----------------
-
- Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
- CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
-
- external_amp - Force to enable external amplifier.
- thinkpad - Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
- mmap_valid - Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
-
- This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
- Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
- from PCI sub vendor/device ids. If they don't work, give the options
- above explicitly.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-cs5530
- _________________
-
- Module for Cyrix/NatSemi Geode 5530 chip.
-
- Module snd-cs5535audio
- ----------------------
-
- Module for multifunction CS5535 companion PCI device
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-ctxfi
- ----------------
-
- Module for Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi boards (20k1 / 20k2 chips)
- * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Champion Series
- * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Professional Series
- * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Professional Audio
- * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium
- * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Elite Pro
- * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Platinum
- * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Fatal1ty
- * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeGamer
- * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeMusic
-
- reference_rate - reference sample rate, 44100 or 48000 (default)
- multiple - multiple to ref. sample rate, 1 or 2 (default)
- subsystem - override the PCI SSID for probing; the value
- consists of SSVID << 16 | SSDID. The default is
- zero, which means no override.
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- Module snd-darla20
- ------------------
-
- Module for Echoaudio Darla20
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
- The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
- Module snd-darla24
- ------------------
-
- Module for Echoaudio Darla24
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
- The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
- Module snd-dt019x
- -----------------
-
- Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
- only)
-
- This module supports multiple cards. This module is enabled only with
- ISA PnP support.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-dummy
- ----------------
-
- Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output
- or input, but you may use this module for any application which
- requires a sound card (like RealPlayer).
-
- pcm_devs - Number of PCM devices assigned to each card
- (default = 1, up to 4)
- pcm_substreams - Number of PCM substreams assigned to each PCM
- (default = 8, up to 128)
- hrtimer - Use hrtimer (=1, default) or system timer (=0)
- fake_buffer - Fake buffer allocations (default = 1)
-
- When multiple PCM devices are created, snd-dummy gives different
- behavior to each PCM device:
- 0 = interleaved with mmap support
- 1 = non-interleaved with mmap support
- 2 = interleaved without mmap
- 3 = non-interleaved without mmap
-
- As default, snd-dummy drivers doesn't allocate the real buffers
- but either ignores read/write or mmap a single dummy page to all
- buffer pages, in order to save the resources. If your apps need
- the read/ written buffer data to be consistent, pass fake_buffer=0
- option.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-echo3g
- -----------------
-
- Module for Echoaudio 3G cards (Gina3G/Layla3G)
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
- The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
- Module snd-emu10k1
- ------------------
-
- Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards.
- * Sound Blaster Live!
- * Sound Blaster PCI 512
- * Emu APS (partially supported)
- * Sound Blaster Audigy
-
- extin - bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
- extout - bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
- seq_ports - allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
- max_synth_voices - limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
- max_buffer_size - specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers
- given in MB unit. Default value is 128.
- enable_ir - enable IR
-
- This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-
- Input & Output configurations [extin/extout]
- * Creative Card wo/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f03]
- * Creative Card w/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f0f]
- * Creative Card w/Digital CD in [0x000f/0x1f0f]
- * Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
- * Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
- * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive [0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
- * Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
- * Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
- * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
- * Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fff]
- * Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003 [0x3fc3/0x7cff]
- * Creative Card all ins and outs [0x3fff/0x7fff]
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-emu10k1x
- -------------------
-
- Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- Module snd-ens1370
- ------------------
-
- Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards.
- * SoundBlaster PCI 64
- * SoundBlaster PCI 128
-
- joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
-
- This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-ens1371
- ------------------
-
- Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards.
- * SoundBlaster PCI 64
- * SoundBlaster PCI 128
- * SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
-
- joystick_port - port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218),
- 0 = disable (default), 1 = auto-detect
-
- This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-es1688
- -----------------
-
- Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards.
-
- isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
- mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
- mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
- fm_port - port # for OPL3 (option; share the same port as default)
-
- with isapnp=0, the following additional options are available:
- port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
- irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
- dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
-
- This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port)
- and PnP with the ES968 chip.
-
- Module snd-es18xx
- -----------------
-
- Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards.
-
- isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
- with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
-
- port - port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
- mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
- fm_port - port # for FM (optional, not used)
- irq - IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
- dma1 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
- dma2 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
-
- This module supports multiple cards, ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401
- port if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
- When dma2 is equal with dma1, the driver works as half-duplex.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-es1938
- -----------------
-
- Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
-
- This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-es1968
- -----------------
-
- Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
-
- total_bufsize - total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
- pcm_substreams_p - playback channels (1-8, default=2)
- pcm_substreams_c - capture channels (1-8, default=0)
- clock - clock (0 = auto-detection)
- use_pm - support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on,
- 2 = auto (default))
- enable_mpu - enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
- joystick - enable joystick (default off)
-
- This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-fm801
- ----------------
-
- Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards.
-
- tea575x_tuner - Enable TEA575x tuner
- - 1 = MediaForte 256-PCS
- - 2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR
- - 3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
- - High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1
- - example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
-
- This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-gina20
- -----------------
-
- Module for Echoaudio Gina20
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
- The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
- Module snd-gina24
- -----------------
-
- Module for Echoaudio Gina24
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
- The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
- Module snd-gusclassic
- ---------------------
-
- Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card.
-
- port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
- irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
- dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
- dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
- joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
- voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
- pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
-
- This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-
- Module snd-gusextreme
- ---------------------
-
- Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card.
-
- port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
- gf1_port - port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
- mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
- irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
- gf1_irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
- mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
- dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
- dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
- joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
- voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
- pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
-
- This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
-
- Module snd-gusmax
- -----------------
-
- Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card.
-
- port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
- irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
- dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
- dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
- joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
- voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
- pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
-
- This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-
- Module snd-hda-intel
- --------------------
-
- Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ESB2, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10,
- PCH, SCH),
- ATI SB450, SB600, R600, RS600, RS690, RS780, RV610, RV620,
- RV630, RV635, RV670, RV770,
- VIA VT8251/VT8237A,
- SIS966, ULI M5461
-
- [Multiple options for each card instance]
- model - force the model name
- position_fix - Fix DMA pointer
- -1 = system default: choose appropriate one per controller
- hardware
- 0 = auto: falls back to LPIB when POSBUF doesn't work
- 1 = use LPIB
- 2 = POSBUF: use position buffer
- 3 = VIACOMBO: VIA-specific workaround for capture
- 4 = COMBO: use LPIB for playback, auto for capture stream
- probe_mask - Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1, meaning all slots)
- When the bit 8 (0x100) is set, the lower 8 bits are used
- as the "fixed" codec slots; i.e. the driver probes the
- slots regardless what hardware reports back
- probe_only - Only probing and no codec initialization (default=off);
- Useful to check the initial codec status for debugging
- bdl_pos_adj - Specifies the DMA IRQ timing delay in samples.
- Passing -1 will make the driver to choose the appropriate
- value based on the controller chip.
- patch - Specifies the early "patch" files to modify the HD-audio
- setup before initializing the codecs. This option is
- available only when CONFIG_SND_HDA_PATCH_LOADER=y is set.
- See HD-Audio.txt for details.
- beep_mode - Selects the beep registration mode (0=off, 1=on); default
- value is set via CONFIG_SND_HDA_INPUT_BEEP_MODE kconfig.
-
- [Single (global) options]
- single_cmd - Use single immediate commands to communicate with
- codecs (for debugging only)
- enable_msi - Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (default = off)
- power_save - Automatic power-saving timeout (in second, 0 =
- disable)
- power_save_controller - Reset HD-audio controller in power-saving mode
- (default = on)
- align_buffer_size - Force rounding of buffer/period sizes to multiples
- of 128 bytes. This is more efficient in terms of memory
- access but isn't required by the HDA spec and prevents
- users from specifying exact period/buffer sizes.
- (default = on)
- snoop - Enable/disable snooping (default = on)
-
- This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-
- See Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio.txt for more details about
- HD-audio driver.
-
- Each codec may have a model table for different configurations.
- If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal)
- configuration is set up. You can pass "model=<name>" option to
- specify a certain model in such a case. There are different
- models depending on the codec chip. The list of available models
- is found in HD-Audio-Models.txt
-
- The model name "generic" is treated as a special case. When this
- model is given, the driver uses the generic codec parser without
- "codec-patch". It's sometimes good for testing and debugging.
-
- If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above
- matches with your device, report it together with alsa-info.sh
- output (with --no-upload option) to kernel bugzilla or alsa-devel
- ML (see the section "Links and Addresses").
-
- power_save and power_save_controller options are for power-saving
- mode. See powersave.txt for details.
-
- Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option
- position_fix=1 or 2. position_fix=1 will use the SD_LPIB
- register value without FIFO size correction as the current
- DMA pointer. position_fix=2 will make the driver to use
- the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register.
- (Usually SD_LPIB register is more accurate than the
- position buffer.)
-
- position_fix=3 is specific to VIA devices. The position
- of the capture stream is checked from both LPIB and POSBUF
- values. position_fix=4 is a combination mode, using LPIB
- for playback and POSBUF for capture.
-
- NB: If you get many "azx_get_response timeout" messages at
- loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq
- routing). Try to boot with options like "pci=noacpi". Also, you
- can try "single_cmd=1" module option. This will switch the
- communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the
- single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB. Basically, the
- single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get
- unsolicited events, too. But, at least, this works independently
- from the irq. Remember this is a last resort, and should be
- avoided as much as possible...
-
- MORE NOTES ON "azx_get_response timeout" PROBLEMS:
- On some hardware, you may need to add a proper probe_mask option
- to avoid the "azx_get_response timeout" problem above, instead.
- This occurs when the access to non-existing or non-working codec slot
- (likely a modem one) causes a stall of the communication via HD-audio
- bus. You can see which codec slots are probed by enabling
- CONFIG_SND_DEBUG_VERBOSE, or simply from the file name of the codec
- proc files. Then limit the slots to probe by probe_mask option.
- For example, probe_mask=1 means to probe only the first slot, and
- probe_mask=4 means only the third slot.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-hdsp
- ---------------
-
- Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
- when CONFIG_FW_LOADER is set. Otherwise, you need to load
- the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
- package.
- The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
-
- Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
- module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
- when any HDSP cards are found. To make the buffer
- allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
- stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
- section.
-
- Module snd-hdspm
- ----------------
-
- Module for RME HDSP MADI board.
-
- precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer, or disable.
- line_outs_monitor - Send playback streams to analog outs by default.
- enable_monitor - Enable Analog Out on Channel 63/64 by default.
-
- See hdspm.txt for details.
-
- Module snd-ice1712
- ------------------
-
- Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards.
- * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
- * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
- * MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
- * MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
- * MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
- * MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
- * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
- * TerraTec EWS 88MT
- * TerraTec EWS 88D
- * TerraTec EWX 24/96
- * TerraTec DMX 6Fire
- * TerraTec Phase 88
- * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
- * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
- * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
- * Event Electronics, EZ8
- * Digigram VX442
- * Lionstracs, Mediastaton
- * Terrasoniq TS 88
-
- model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
- delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
- delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
- dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8,
- phase88, mediastation
- omni - Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
- cs8427_timeout - reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver)
- in msec resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
-
- This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. Note: The consumer part
- is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for example in the MidiMan Delta
- serie).
-
- Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
- SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
- model by passing "model" module option in case that the
- driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
- type for testing.
-
- Module snd-ice1724
- ------------------
-
- Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards.
- * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1
- * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
- * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 192
- * AMP Ltd AUDIO2000
- * TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky
- * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Space
- * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Universe
- * TerraTec Phase 22
- * TerraTec Phase 28
- * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1
- * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 LT
- * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 XT
- * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HIFI
- * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HD2
- * AudioTrak Prodigy 192
- * Pontis MS300
- * Albatron K8X800 Pro II
- * Chaintech ZNF3-150
- * Chaintech ZNF3-250
- * Chaintech 9CJS
- * Chaintech AV-710
- * Shuttle SN25P
- * Onkyo SE-90PCI
- * Onkyo SE-200PCI
- * ESI Juli@
- * ESI Maya44
- * Hercules Fortissimo IV
- * EGO-SYS WaveTerminal 192M
-
- model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
- revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt,
- prodigy71xt, prodigy71hifi, prodigyhd2, prodigy192,
- juli, aureon51, aureon71, universe, ap192, k8x800,
- phase22, phase28, ms300, av710, se200pci, se90pci,
- fortissimo4, sn25p, WT192M, maya44
-
- This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-
- Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
- SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
- model by passing "model" module option in case that the
- driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
- type for testing.
-
- Module snd-indigo
- -----------------
-
- Module for Echoaudio Indigo
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
- The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
- Module snd-indigodj
- -------------------
-
- Module for Echoaudio Indigo DJ
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
- The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
- Module snd-indigoio
- -------------------
-
- Module for Echoaudio Indigo IO
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
- The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
- Module snd-intel8x0
- -------------------
-
- Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
- * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
- ICH5, ICH6, ICH7, 6300ESB, ESB2
- * SiS 7012 (SiS 735)
- * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce3, MCP04, CK804
- CK8, CK8S, MCP501
- * AMD AMD768, AMD8111
- * ALi m5455
-
- ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
- ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
- See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
- buggy_irq - Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some
- motherboards (default yes on nForce chips,
- otherwise off)
- buggy_semaphore - Enable workaround for hardware with buggy
- semaphores (e.g. on some ASUS laptops)
- (default off)
- spdif_aclink - Use S/PDIF over AC-link instead of direct connection
- from the controller chip
- (0 = off, 1 = on, -1 = default)
-
- This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
-
- Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
- if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
- explicitly via the module option "ac97_clock=41194".
-
- Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver. If your
- motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
- modules, respectively.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-intel8x0m
- --------------------
-
- Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
- * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
- ICH5, ICH6, ICH7
- * SiS 7013 (SiS 735)
- * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce2s, NForce3
- * AMD AMD8111
- * ALi m5455
-
- ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
-
- This module supports one card and autoprobe.
-
- Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
- slot is excluded.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-interwave
- --------------------
-
- Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
- and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
-
- joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
- midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
- pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
- effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
- requires 8 voices
- isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
- with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
-
- port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
- irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
- dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
- dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
-
- This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
-
- Module snd-interwave-stb
- ------------------------
-
- Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq)
- and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
- circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
-
- joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
- midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
- pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
- effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
- requires 8 voices
- isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
- with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
-
- port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
- port_tc - tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
- irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
- dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
- dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
-
- This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
-
- Module snd-jazz16
- -------------------
-
- Module for Media Vision Jazz16 chipset. The chipset consists of 3 chips:
- MVD1216 + MVA416 + MVA514.
-
- port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
- irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (3,5,7,9,10,15)
- dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
- dma16 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (5,7)
- mpu_port - MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
- mpu_irq - MPU-401 irq # (2,3,5,7)
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- Module snd-korg1212
- -------------------
-
- Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- Module snd-layla20
- ------------------
-
- Module for Echoaudio Layla20
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
- The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
- Module snd-layla24
- ------------------
-
- Module for Echoaudio Layla24
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
- The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
- Module snd-lola
- ---------------
-
- Module for Digigram Lola PCI-e boards
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- Module snd-lx6464es
- -------------------
-
- Module for Digigram LX6464ES boards
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- Module snd-maestro3
- -------------------
-
- Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
-
- external_amp - enable external amp (enabled by default)
- amp_gpio - GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or
- -1 for default pin (8 for allegro, 1 for
- others)
-
- This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
-
- Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
- If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
- specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option.
- For example, a Panasonic notebook might need "amp_gpio=0x0d"
- option.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-mia
- ---------------
-
- Module for Echoaudio Mia
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
- The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
- Module snd-miro
- ---------------
-
- Module for Miro soundcards: miroSOUND PCM 1 pro,
- miroSOUND PCM 12,
- miroSOUND PCM 20 Radio.
-
- port - Port # (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
- irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
- dma1 - 1st dma # (0,1,3)
- dma2 - 2nd dma # (0,1)
- mpu_port - MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
- mpu_irq - MPU-401 irq # (5,7,9,10)
- fm_port - FM Port # (0x388)
- wss - enable WSS mode
- ide - enable onboard ide support
-
- Module snd-mixart
- -----------------
-
- Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards.
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
- Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
- See MIXART.txt for details.
-
- When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
- is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
- Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
- When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
- firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
-
- Module snd-mona
- ---------------
-
- Module for Echoaudio Mona
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
- The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
- Module snd-mpu401
- -----------------
-
- Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
-
- port - port number or -1 (disable)
- irq - IRQ number or -1 (disable)
- pnp - PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
- This module supports multiple devices and PnP.
-
- Module snd-msnd-classic
- -----------------------
-
- Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Classic, Tahiti or Monterey
- soundcards.
-
- io - Port # for msnd-classic card
- irq - IRQ # for msnd-classic card
- mem - Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000,
- 0xe0000 or 0xe8000)
- write_ndelay - enable write ndelay (default = 1)
- calibrate_signal - calibrate signal (default = 0)
- isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
- digital - Digital daughterboard present (default = 0)
- cfg - Config port (0x250, 0x260 or 0x270) default = PnP
- reset - Reset all devices
- mpu_io - MPU401 I/O port
- mpu_irq - MPU401 irq#
- ide_io0 - IDE port #0
- ide_io1 - IDE port #1
- ide_irq - IDE irq#
- joystick_io - Joystick I/O port
-
- The driver requires firmware files "turtlebeach/msndinit.bin" and
- "turtlebeach/msndperm.bin" in the proper firmware directory.
-
- See Documentation/sound/oss/MultiSound for important information
- about this driver. Note that it has been discontinued, but the
- Voyetra Turtle Beach knowledge base entry for it is still available
- at
- http://www.turtlebeach.com
-
- Module snd-msnd-pinnacle
- ------------------------
-
- Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Pinnacle/Fiji soundcards.
-
- io - Port # for pinnacle/fiji card
- irq - IRQ # for pinnalce/fiji card
- mem - Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000,
- 0xe0000 or 0xe8000)
- write_ndelay - enable write ndelay (default = 1)
- calibrate_signal - calibrate signal (default = 0)
- isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
- The driver requires firmware files "turtlebeach/pndspini.bin" and
- "turtlebeach/pndsperm.bin" in the proper firmware directory.
-
- Module snd-mtpav
- ----------------
-
- Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
- port).
-
- port - I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
- irq - IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
- hwports - number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
-
- Module supports only 1 card. This module has no enable option.
-
- Module snd-mts64
- ----------------
-
- Module for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140
-
- This module supports multiple devices.
- Requires parport (CONFIG_PARPORT).
-
- Module snd-nm256
- ----------------
-
- Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
-
- playback_bufsize - max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
- capture_bufsize - max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
- force_ac97 - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
- buffer_top - specify buffer top address
- use_cache - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
- vaio_hack - alias buffer_top=0x25a800
- reset_workaround - enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
- reset_workaround2 - enable extended AC97 RESET workaround for some
- other laptops
-
- This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
- automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
- In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicitly via
- the buffer_top option.
- For example,
- Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
- Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
- The driver supports only ac97 codec. It's possible to force
- to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected. In such a
- case, use force_ac97=1 option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
- works!
-
- Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
- codecs. This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
- with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
- even though the device is detected in lspci. In such a case, try
- other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2. Some has ISA-PnP
- but some doesn't have ISA PnP. You'll need to specify isapnp=0
- and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
-
- Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET. For the
- known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
- workaround is enabled automatically. For other laptops with a
- hard freeze, you can try reset_workaround=1 option.
-
- Note: Dell Latitude CSx laptops have another problem regarding
- AC97 RESET. On these laptops, reset_workaround2 option is
- turned on as default. This option is worth to try if the
- previous reset_workaround option doesn't help.
-
- Note: This driver is really crappy. It's a porting from the
- OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
- The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
- X-server as described above. You might be able to force to load
- the module, but it may result in hang-up. Hence, make sure that
- you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
- problem.
-
- Module snd-opl3sa2
- ------------------
-
- Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards.
-
- isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
- with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
-
- port - control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
- sb_port - SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
- wss_port - WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
- midi_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
- fm_port - FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
- irq - IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
- dma1 - first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
- dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
-
- This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP. It does not support
- autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
- -------------------------
-
- Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
- Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
-
- isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
- with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
-
- port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
- mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
- fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
- irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
- mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
- dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
-
- This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
-
- Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
- -------------------------
-
- Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
-
- isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
- with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
-
- port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
- mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
- fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
- irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
- mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
- dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
- dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
-
- This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
-
- Module snd-opti93x
- ------------------
-
- Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
-
- isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
- with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
-
- port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
- mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
- fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
- irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
- mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
- dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
- dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
-
- This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
-
- Module snd-oxygen
- -----------------
-
- Module for sound cards based on the C-Media CMI8786/8787/8788 chip:
- * Asound A-8788
- * Asus Xonar DG/DGX
- * AuzenTech X-Meridian
- * AuzenTech X-Meridian 2G
- * Bgears b-Enspirer
- * Club3D Theatron DTS
- * HT-Omega Claro (plus)
- * HT-Omega Claro halo (XT)
- * Kuroutoshikou CMI8787-HG2PCI
- * Razer Barracuda AC-1
- * Sondigo Inferno
- * TempoTec HiFier Fantasia
- * TempoTec HiFier Serenade
-
- This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
-
- Module snd-pcsp
- -----------------
-
- Module for internal PC-Speaker.
-
- nopcm - Disable PC-Speaker PCM sound. Only beeps remain.
- nforce_wa - enable NForce chipset workaround. Expect bad sound.
-
- This module supports system beeps, some kind of PCM playback and
- even a few mixer controls.
-
- Module snd-pcxhr
- ----------------
-
- Module for Digigram PCXHR boards
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- Module snd-portman2x4
- ---------------------
-
- Module for Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI interface
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
- ---------------------------------
-
- Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
-
- enable_beep - enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
-
- Module supports autoprobe a chip.
-
- Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianness.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-pxa2xx-ac97 (on arm only)
- ------------------------------------
-
- Module for AC97 driver for the Intel PXA2xx chip
-
- For ARM architecture only.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-riptide
- ------------------
-
- Module for Conexant Riptide chip
-
- joystick_port - Joystick port # (default: 0x200)
- mpu_port - MPU401 port # (default: 0x330)
- opl3_port - OPL3 port # (default: 0x388)
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
- The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
- You need to install the firmware file "riptide.hex" to the standard
- firmware path (e.g. /lib/firmware).
-
- Module snd-rme32
- ----------------
-
- Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32,
- Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards.
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- Module snd-rme96
- ----------------
-
- Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards.
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- Module snd-rme9652
- ------------------
-
- Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards.
-
- precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably).
- (default = 0)
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
- module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
- when any RME9652 cards are found. To make the buffer
- allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
- stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
- section.
-
- Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
- ---------------------------------------
-
- Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card.
-
- Module supports only one card.
- Module has no enable and index options.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-sb8
- --------------
-
- Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0,
- SoundBlaster 2.0,
- SoundBlaster Pro
-
- port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
- irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
- dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
-
- This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
- -----------------------------
-
- Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
- SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP),
- SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
-
- mic_agc - Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
- csp - ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
- isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
- with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
-
- port - port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
- mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
- awe_port - base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660)
- (snd-sbawe module only)
- irq - IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
- dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
- dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
-
- This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
-
- Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
- disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
- Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
- half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
- 16-bit DMA channel.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-sc6000
- -----------------
-
- Module for Gallant SC-6000 soundcard and later models: SC-6600
- and SC-7000.
-
- port - Port # (0x220 or 0x240)
- mss_port - MSS Port # (0x530 or 0xe80)
- irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
- mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (5,7,9,10) ,0 - no MPU-401 irq
- dma - DMA # (1,3,0)
- joystick - Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- This card is also known as Audio Excel DSP 16 or Zoltrix AV302.
-
- Module snd-sscape
- -----------------
-
- Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape cards.
-
- port - Port # (PnP setup)
- wss_port - WSS Port # (PnP setup)
- irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
- mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
- dma - DMA # (PnP setup)
- dma2 - 2nd DMA # (PnP setup, -1 to disable)
- joystick - Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
- Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
- --------------------------------------
-
- Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
- -------------------------------------
-
- Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- Module snd-sun-dbri (on sparc only)
- -----------------------------------
-
- Module for DBRI sound chips found on Sparcs.
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- Module snd-wavefront
- --------------------
-
- Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards.
-
- use_cs4232_midi - Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
- (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
- isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
- with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
-
- cs4232_pcm_port - Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
- cs4232_pcm_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
- cs4232_mpu_port - Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
- cs4232_mpu_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
- ics2115_port - Port # for ICS2115
- ics2115_irq - IRQ # for ICS2115
- fm_port - FM OPL-3 Port #
- dma1 - DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
- dma2 - DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
-
- The below are options for wavefront_synth features:
- wf_raw - Assume that we need to boot the OS (default:no)
- If yes, then during driver loading, the state of the board is
- ignored, and we reset the board and load the firmware anyway.
- fx_raw - Assume that the FX process needs help (default:yes)
- If false, we'll leave the FX processor in whatever state it is
- when the driver is loaded. The default is to download the
- microprogram and associated coefficients to set it up for
- "default" operation, whatever that means.
- debug_default - Debug parameters for card initialization
- wait_usecs - How long to wait without sleeping, usecs
- (default:150)
- This magic number seems to give pretty optimal throughput
- based on my limited experimentation.
- If you want to play around with it and find a better value, be
- my guest. Remember, the idea is to get a number that causes us
- to just busy wait for as many WaveFront commands as possible,
- without coming up with a number so large that we hog the whole
- CPU.
- Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000 status
- waits, only about 250 result in a sleep.
- sleep_interval - How long to sleep when waiting for reply
- (default: 100)
- sleep_tries - How many times to try sleeping during a wait
- (default: 50)
- ospath - Pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware
- (default:wavefront.os)
- The path name of the ISC2115 OS firmware. In the recent
- version, it's handled via firmware loader framework, so it
- must be installed in the proper path, typically,
- /lib/firmware.
- reset_time - How long to wait for a reset to take effect
- (default:2)
- ramcheck_time - How many seconds to wait for the RAM test
- (default:20)
- osrun_time - How many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS
- (default:10)
-
- This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.
-
- Note: the firmware file "wavefront.os" was located in the earlier
- version in /etc. Now it's loaded via firmware loader, and
- must be in the proper firmware path, such as /lib/firmware.
- Copy (or symlink) the file appropriately if you get an error
- regarding firmware downloading after upgrading the kernel.
-
- Module snd-sonicvibes
- ---------------------
-
- Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards.
- * PINE Schubert 32 PCI
-
- reverb - Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
- - SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
- mge - Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
-
- This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-
- Module snd-serial-u16550
- ------------------------
-
- Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
-
- port - port # for UART16550A chip
- irq - IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
- speed - speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
- 38400 = default
- base - base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
- 115200 = default
- outs - number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
- 1 = default
- adaptor - Type of adaptor.
- 0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
- 3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
-
- This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
- thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
-
- Module snd-trident
- ------------------
-
- Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards.
- * Best Union Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
- * HIS 4DWave PCI
- * Warpspeed ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
- * AzTech PCI 64-Q3D
- * Addonics SV 750
- * CHIC True Sound 4Dwave
- * Shark Predator4D-PCI
- * Jaton SonicWave 4D
- * SiS SI7018 PCI Audio
- * Hoontech SoundTrack Digital 4DWave NX
-
- pcm_channels - max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
- wavetable_size - max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
-
- This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-ua101
- ----------------
-
- Module for the Edirol UA-101/UA-1000 audio/MIDI interfaces.
-
- This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
-
- Module snd-usb-audio
- --------------------
-
- Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
-
- vid - Vendor ID for the device (optional)
- pid - Product ID for the device (optional)
- nrpacks - Max. number of packets per URB (default: 8)
- device_setup - Device specific magic number (optional)
- - Influence depends on the device
- - Default: 0x0000
- ignore_ctl_error - Ignore any USB-controller regarding mixer
- interface (default: no)
- autoclock - Enable auto-clock selection for UAC2 devices
- (default: yes)
- quirk_alias - Quirk alias list, pass strings like
- "0123abcd:5678beef", which applies the existing
- quirk for the device 5678:beef to a new device
- 0123:abcd.
-
- This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
-
- NB: nrpacks parameter can be modified dynamically via sysfs.
- Don't put the value over 20. Changing via sysfs has no sanity
- check.
- NB: ignore_ctl_error=1 may help when you get an error at accessing
- the mixer element such as URB error -22. This happens on some
- buggy USB device or the controller.
- NB: quirk_alias option is provided only for testing / development.
- If you want to have a proper support, contact to upstream for
- adding the matching quirk in the driver code statically.
-
- Module snd-usb-caiaq
- --------------------
-
- Module for caiaq UB audio interfaces,
- * Native Instruments RigKontrol2
- * Native Instruments Kore Controller
- * Native Instruments Audio Kontrol 1
- * Native Instruments Audio 8 DJ
-
- This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
-
- Module snd-usb-usx2y
- --------------------
-
- Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
-
- This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
-
- Note: you need to load the firmware via usx2yloader utility included
- in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
-
- Module snd-via82xx
- ------------------
-
- Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233,
- 8233A, 8233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge.
-
- mpu_port - 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
- [VIA686A/686B only]
- joystick - Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
- ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
- dxs_support - support DXS channels,
- 0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
- 3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample
- rate and different sample rates on different
- channels
- [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only]
- ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
- See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
-
- This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
-
- Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
- not be generated properly. In such a case, please try to
- set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
- default value 1.4. Then the interrupt number will be
- assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
-
- Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
- channels as the first PCM. On these channels, up to 4
- streams can be played at the same time, and the controller
- can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for
- each channel.
- As default (dxs_support = 0), 48k fixed rate is chosen
- except for the known devices since the output is often
- noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
- bug of BIOS.
- Please try once dxs_support=5 and if it works on other
- sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
- know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
- "lspci -nv").
- If dxs_support=5 does not work, try dxs_support=4; if it
- doesn't work too, try dxs_support=1. (dxs_support=1 is
- usually for old motherboards. The correct implemented
- board should work with 4 or 5.) If it still doesn't
- work and the default setting is ok, dxs_support=3 is the
- right choice. If the default setting doesn't work at all,
- try dxs_support=2 to disable the DXS channels.
- In any cases, please let us know the result and the
- subsystem vendor/device ids. See "Links and Addresses"
- below.
-
- Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
- additionally. The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-via82xx-modem
- ------------------------
-
- Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
-
- ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
-
- This module supports one card and autoprobe.
-
- Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
- slot is excluded.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-virmidi
- ------------------
-
- Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
- This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
- to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
-
- midi_devs - MIDI devices # (1-4, default=4)
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- Module snd-virtuoso
- -------------------
-
- Module for sound cards based on the Asus AV66/AV100/AV200 chips,
- i.e., Xonar D1, DX, D2, D2X, DS, DSX, Essence ST (Deluxe),
- Essence STX (II), HDAV1.3 (Deluxe), and HDAV1.3 Slim.
-
- This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
-
- Module snd-vx222
- ----------------
-
- Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
-
- mic - Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
- ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
-
- This module supports multiple cards.
-
- When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
- is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
- Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
- When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
- firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package. To invoke
- vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
-
- install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222 && /usr/bin/vxloader
-
- (for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add "post-install /usr/bin/vxloader" to
- /etc/modules.conf, instead.)
- IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM. The smaller size
- gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
- The size is usually aligned to 126. As default (=0), the smallest
- size is chosen. The possible IBL values can be found in
- /proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-vxpocket
- -------------------
-
- Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 and 440 PCMCIA cards.
-
- ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
-
- This module supports multiple cards. The module is compiled only when
- PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
-
- With the older 2.6.x kernel, to activate the driver via the card
- manager, you'll need to set up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf. See the
- sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c. 2.6.13 or later kernel requires no
- longer require a config file.
-
- When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
- is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
- Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
- When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
- firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
-
- About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
-
- Note: snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket driver since
- ALSA 1.0.10.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-ymfpci
- -----------------
-
- Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
-
- mpu_port - 0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
- 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
- fm_port - 0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
- 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
- joystick_port - 0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
- 1 (auto-detect)
- rear_switch - enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
-
- This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
- Module snd-pdaudiocf
- --------------------
-
- Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card.
-
- The power-management is supported.
-
-
-AC97 Quirk Option
-=================
-
-The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround for
-specific devices on drivers for on-board AC'97 controllers like
-snd-intel8x0. Some hardware have swapped output pins between Master
-and Headphone, or Surround (thanks to confusion of AC'97
-specifications from version to version :-)
-
-The driver provides the auto-detection of known problematic devices,
-but some might be unknown or wrongly detected. In such a case, pass
-the proper value with this option.
-
-The following strings are accepted:
- - default Don't override the default setting
- - none Disable the quirk
- - hp_only Bind Master and Headphone controls as a single control
- - swap_hp Swap headphone and master controls
- - swap_surround Swap master and surround controls
- - ad_sharing For AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
- - alc_jack For ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
- - inv_eapd Inverted EAPD implementation
- - mute_led Bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
-
-For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer value -1, 0,
-... are accepted, too.
-
-For example, if "Master" volume control has no effect on your device
-but only "Headphone" does, pass ac97_quirk=hp_only module option.
-
-
-Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
-============================
-
-When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
-supporting the isapnp cards will have module options "isapnp".
-If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
-For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass "isapnp=0" option
-together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
-
-When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
-will be not built in.
-
-
-Module Autoloading Support
-==========================
-
-The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
-module aliases. The string 'snd-card-%1' is requested for ALSA native
-devices where %i is sound card number from zero to seven.
-
-To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
-'sound-slot-%i' where %i means the slot number for OSS, which
-corresponds to the card index of ALSA. Usually, define this
-as the same card module.
-
-An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
------ /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
-alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
-alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
------ /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
-
-The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module
-option "cards_limit" of snd module. As default it's set to 1.
-To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
-sound cards in that option.
-
-When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
-number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
-cards is kept consistent.
-
-An example configuration for two sound cards is like below:
-
------ /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
-# ALSA portion
-options snd cards_limit=2
-alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
-alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
-options snd-interwave index=0
-options snd-ens1371 index=1
-# OSS/Free portion
-alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
-alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
------ /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
-
-In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
-(index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
-
-Alternative (and new) way to fixate the slot assignment is to use
-"slots" option of snd module. In the case above, specify like the
-following:
-
-options snd slots=snd-interwave,snd-ens1371
-
-Then, the first slot (#0) is reserved for snd-interwave driver, and
-the second (#1) for snd-ens1371. You can omit index option in each
-driver if slots option is used (although you can still have them at
-the same time as long as they don't conflict).
-
-The slots option is especially useful for avoiding the possible
-hot-plugging and the resultant slot conflict. For example, in the
-case above again, the first two slots are already reserved. If any
-other driver (e.g. snd-usb-audio) is loaded before snd-interwave or
-snd-ens1371, it will be assigned to the third or later slot.
-
-When a module name is given with '!', the slot will be given for any
-modules but that name. For example, "slots=!snd-pcsp" will reserve
-the first slot for any modules but snd-pcsp.
-
-
-ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
-=======================================
-
-/dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
-/dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp) -> minor 3
-/dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp) -> minor 12
-/dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio1 -> minor 4+16 = 20
-/dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp1 -> minor 3+16 = 19
-/dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp1 -> minor 12+16 = 28
-/dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio2 -> minor 4+32 = 36
-/dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp2 -> minor 3+32 = 39
-/dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp2 -> minor 12+32 = 44
-
-The first number from /dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p] expression means
-sound card number and second means device number. The ALSA devices
-have either 'c' or 'p' suffix indicating the direction, capture and
-playback, respectively.
-
-Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
-options of snd-pcm-oss module.
-
-
-Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
-==============================
-
-/proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
--------------------------------
- String "erase" - erase all additional information about OSS applications
- String "<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]"
-
- <app_name> - name of application with (higher priority) or without path
- <fragments> - number of fragments or zero if auto
- <fragment_size> - size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
- <options> - optional parameters
- - disable the application tries to open a pcm device for
- this channel but does not want to use it.
- (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
- It's good for Quake etc...
- - direct don't use plugins
- - block force block mode (rvplayer)
- - non-block force non-block mode
- - whole-frag write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
- playback only)
- - no-silence do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
- - buggy-ptr Returns the whitespace blocks in GETOPTR ioctl
- instead of filled blocks
-
- Example: echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
- echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
- echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
-
-
-Early Buffer Allocation
-=======================
-
-Some drivers (e.g. hdsp) require the large contiguous buffers, and
-sometimes it's too late to find such spaces when the driver module is
-actually loaded due to memory fragmentation. You can pre-allocate the
-PCM buffers by loading snd-page-alloc module and write commands to its
-proc file in prior, for example, in the early boot stage like
-/etc/init.d/*.local scripts.
-
-Reading the proc file /proc/drivers/snd-page-alloc shows the current
-usage of page allocation. In writing, you can send the following
-commands to the snd-page-alloc driver:
-
- - add VENDOR DEVICE MASK SIZE BUFFERS
-
- VENDOR and DEVICE are PCI vendor and device IDs. They take
- integer numbers (0x prefix is needed for the hex).
- MASK is the PCI DMA mask. Pass 0 if not restricted.
- SIZE is the size of each buffer to allocate. You can pass
- k and m suffix for KB and MB. The max number is 16MB.
- BUFFERS is the number of buffers to allocate. It must be greater
- than 0. The max number is 4.
-
- - erase
-
- This will erase the all pre-allocated buffers which are not in
- use.
-
-
-Links and Addresses
-===================
-
- ALSA project homepage
- http://www.alsa-project.org
-
- Kernel Bugzilla
- http://bugzilla.kernel.org/
-
- ALSA Developers ML
- mailto:alsa-devel@alsa-project.org
-
- alsa-info.sh script
- http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-info.sh
projects / GitHub / moto-9609 / android_kernel_motorola_exynos9610.git / commitdiff