V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY ('GREY')
**************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY(2)*
-
Grey-scale image
**Byte Order.**
Each cell is one byte.
-
-
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.8cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{3.0cm}|
-
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_M420 ('M420')
**************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_M420(2)*
-
Format with ½ horizontal and vertical chroma resolution, also known as
YUV 4:2:0. Hybrid plane line-interleaved layout.
Each cell is one byte.
-
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.8cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{3.0cm}|
-
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12 ('NV12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21 ('NV21')
******************************************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12(2)*
V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21
Formats with ½ horizontal and vertical chroma resolution, also known as
Each cell is one byte.
-
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.8cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{3.0cm}|
-
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1
-
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12M ('NM12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21M ('NM21'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12MT_16X16
***********************************************************************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12M(2)*
V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21M
V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12MT_16X16
**Byte Order.**
Each cell is one byte.
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.8cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{3.0cm}|
-
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1
-
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12MT ('TM12')
****************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12MT(2)*
-
Formats with ½ horizontal and vertical chroma resolution. This format
has two planes - one for luminance and one for chrominance. Chroma
samples are interleaved. The difference to ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12`` is the
V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16 ('NV16'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61 ('NV61')
******************************************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16(2)*
-
V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61
Formats with ½ horizontal chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:2.
One luminance and one chrominance plane with alternating chroma samples
Each cell is one byte.
-
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.8cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{3.0cm}|
-
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1
-
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16M ('NM16'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61M ('NM61')
********************************************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16M(2)*
-
V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61M
Variation of ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16`` and ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61`` with planes
non contiguous in memory.
Each cell is one byte.
-
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.8cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{3.0cm}|
-
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1
-
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV24 ('NV24'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV42 ('NV42')
******************************************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV24(2)*
-
V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV42
Formats with full horizontal and vertical chroma resolutions, also known
as YUV 4:4:4. One luminance and one chrominance plane with alternating
Each cell is one byte.
-
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{3.5cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.4cm}|
-
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
-
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16 ('BYR2')
*****************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16(2)*
-
Bayer RGB format
**Byte Order.**
Each cell is one byte.
-
-
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{3.5cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.4cm}|
-
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
-
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8 ('BA81')
****************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8(2)*
-
Bayer RGB format
Each cell is one byte.
-
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.8cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{3.0cm}|
-
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_SDR_FMT_CS8 ('CS08')
*************************
-*man V4L2_SDR_FMT_CS8(2)*
-
Complex signed 8-bit IQ sample
**Byte Order.**
Each cell is one byte.
-
-
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{11.7cm}|p{5.8cm}|
-
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_SDR_FMT_CS14LE ('CS14')
****************************
-*man V4L2_SDR_FMT_CS14LE(2)*
-
Complex signed 14-bit little endian IQ sample
Each cell is one byte.
-
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{8.8cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{4.3cm}|
-
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1
-
- .. row 1
V4L2_SDR_FMT_CU8 ('CU08')
*************************
-*man V4L2_SDR_FMT_CU8(2)*
-
Complex unsigned 8-bit IQ sample
**Byte Order.**
Each cell is one byte.
-
-
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{11.7cm}|p{5.8cm}|
-
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1
-
- .. row 1
V4L2_SDR_FMT_CU16LE ('CU16')
****************************
-*man V4L2_SDR_FMT_CU16LE(2)*
Complex unsigned 16-bit little endian IQ sample
Each cell is one byte.
-
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{8.8cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{4.3cm}|
-
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1
-
- .. row 1
V4L2_SDR_FMT_RU12LE ('RU12')
****************************
-*man V4L2_SDR_FMT_RU12LE(2)*
Real unsigned 12-bit little endian sample
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{8.8cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{4.3cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG8 ('GBRG')
****************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG8(2)*
Bayer RGB format
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.8cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{3.0cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG8 ('GRBG')
****************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG8(2)*
Bayer RGB format
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.8cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{3.0cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB10 ('RG10'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10 ('BA10'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG10 ('GB10'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR10 ('BG10'),
***************************************************************************************************************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB10(2)*
V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10
V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG10
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{3.5cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.4cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR10ALAW8 ('aBA8'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG10ALAW8 ('aGA8'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10ALAW8 ('agA8'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB10ALAW8 ('aRA8'),
***********************************************************************************************************************************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR10ALAW8(2)*
-
V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG10ALAW8
V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10ALAW8
V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB10ALAW8
V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB10P ('pRAA'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10P ('pgAA'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG10P ('pGAA'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR10P ('pBAA'),
*******************************************************************************************************************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB10P(2)*
V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10P
V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG10P
**Byte Order.**
Each cell is one byte.
+.. raw:: latex
+ \newline\newline\begin{adjustbox}{width=\columnwidth}
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.0cm}|p{2.5cm}|p{2.5cm}|p{2.5cm}|p{2.5cm}|p{2.5cm}|
+.. tabularcolumns:: |p{2.0cm}|p{1.3cm}|p{1.3cm}|p{1.3cm}|p{1.3cm}|p{10.9cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1 1
-
+ :widths: 12 8 8 8 8 68
- .. row 1
- G\ :sub:`30low`\ (bits 7--6) R\ :sub:`31low`\ (bits 5--4)
G\ :sub:`32low`\ (bits 3--2) R\ :sub:`33low`\ (bits 1--0)
+
+.. raw:: latex
+
+ \end{adjustbox}\newline\newline
V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB12 ('RG12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG12 ('BA12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG12 ('GB12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR12 ('BG12'),
***************************************************************************************************************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB12(2)*
V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG12
V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG12
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{3.5cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.4cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB8 ('RGGB')
****************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB8(2)*
Bayer RGB format
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.8cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{3.0cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_UV8 ('UV8')
************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_UV8(2)*
UV plane interleaved
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.8cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{3.0cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_UYVY ('UYVY')
**************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_UYVY(2)*
Variation of ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV`` with different order of samples in
memory
**Byte Order.**
Each cell is one byte.
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{3.5cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.4cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_VYUY ('VYUY')
**************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_VYUY(2)*
Variation of ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV`` with different order of samples in
memory
**Byte Order.**
Each cell is one byte.
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{3.5cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.4cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y10 ('Y10 ')
*************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y10(2)*
Grey-scale image
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{3.5cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.4cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y10BPACK ('Y10B')
******************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y10BPACK(2)*
-
Grey-scale image as a bit-packed array
pixels cross the byte boundary and have a ratio of 5 bytes for each 4
pixels.
-
-
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.8cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{3.0cm}|
-
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1
-
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y12 ('Y12 ')
*************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y12(2)*
Grey-scale image
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{3.5cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.4cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y12I ('Y12I')
**************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y12I(2)*
-
Interleaved grey-scale image, e.g. from a stereo-pair
pixels cross the byte boundary and have a ratio of 3 bytes for each
interleaved pixel.
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{8.8cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{4.3cm}|
-
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16_BE ('Y16 ' | (1 << 31))
****************************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16_BE(2)*
Grey-scale image
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{3.5cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.4cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16 ('Y16 ')
*************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16(2)*
Grey-scale image
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{3.5cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.4cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P ('Y41P')
**************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P(2)*
Format with ¼ horizontal chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:1:1
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{2.5cm}|p{1.3cm}|p{1.3cm}|p{1.3cm}|p{1.3cm}|p{1.3cm}|p{1.3cm}|p{1.3cm}|p{1.3cm}|p{1.3cm}|p{1.3cm}|p{1.3cm}|p{0.7cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y8I ('Y8I ')
*************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y8I(2)*
Interleaved grey-scale image, e.g. from a stereo-pair
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{3.5cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.4cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU410 ('YVU9'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV410 ('YUV9')
**********************************************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU410(2)*
V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV410
Planar formats with ¼ horizontal and vertical chroma resolution, also
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.8cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{3.0cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV411P ('411P')
*****************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV411P(2)*
Format with ¼ horizontal chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:1:1.
Planar layout as opposed to ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P``
Each cell is one byte.
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.8cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{3.0cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420 ('YV12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420 ('YU12')
**********************************************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420(2)*
V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420
Planar formats with ½ horizontal and vertical chroma resolution, also
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.8cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{3.0cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420M ('YM12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420M ('YM21')
************************************************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420M(2)*
V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420M
Variation of ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420`` and ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420`` with
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.8cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{3.0cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422M ('YM16'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU422M ('YM61')
************************************************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422M(2)*
V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU422M
Planar formats with ½ horizontal resolution, also known as YUV and YVU
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.8cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{3.0cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422P ('422P')
*****************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422P(2)*
Format with ½ horizontal chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:2.
Planar layout as opposed to ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV``
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.8cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{3.0cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV444M ('YM24'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU444M ('YM42')
************************************************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV444M(2)*
V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU444M
Planar formats with full horizontal resolution, also known as YUV and
**Byte Order.**
Each cell is one byte.
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.8cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{3.0cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV ('YUYV')
**************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV(2)*
Packed format with ½ horizontal chroma resolution, also known as YUV
4:2:2
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{3.5cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.4cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVYU ('YVYU')
**************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVYU(2)*
Variation of ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV`` with different order of samples in
memory
**Byte Order.**
Each cell is one byte.
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{3.5cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.4cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1
V4L2_PIX_FMT_Z16 ('Z16 ')
*************************
-*man V4L2_PIX_FMT_Z16(2)*
16-bit depth data with distance values at each pixel
-.. tabularcolumns:: |p{3.5cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{1.4cm}|
.. flat-table::
:header-rows: 0
:stub-columns: 0
- :widths: 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
- .. row 1