Bluetooth: Add MITM mechanism to LE-SMP
authorBrian Gix <bgix@codeaurora.org>
Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:12:12 +0000 (16:12 -0800)
committerGustavo F. Padovan <padovan@profusion.mobi>
Thu, 22 Dec 2011 16:18:59 +0000 (14:18 -0200)
To achive Man-In-The-Middle (MITM) level security with Low Energy,
we have to enable User Passkey Comparison.  This commit modifies the
hard-coded JUST-WORKS pairing mechanism to support query via the MGMT
interface of Passkey comparison and User Confirmation.

Signed-off-by: Brian Gix <bgix@codeaurora.org>
Acked-by: Marcel Holtmann<marcel@holtmann.org>
Signed-off-by: Gustavo F. Padovan <padovan@profusion.mobi>
include/net/bluetooth/hci_core.h
include/net/bluetooth/smp.h
net/bluetooth/smp.c

index 5ce73dbaf604ee42e6769effdb20d0e086e83bf4..4ff08d61eea5c46b3f8475dc314e6aaeaa59078e 100644 (file)
@@ -310,6 +310,7 @@ struct hci_conn {
        struct hci_dev  *hdev;
        void            *l2cap_data;
        void            *sco_data;
+       void            *smp_conn;
 
        struct hci_conn *link;
 
index 15b97d54944195b19f52d57434a01f5443407d92..aeaf5fa2b9f15e9c0b6c5cd0ba41af510a012464 100644 (file)
@@ -115,6 +115,10 @@ struct smp_cmd_security_req {
 #define SMP_MIN_ENC_KEY_SIZE           7
 #define SMP_MAX_ENC_KEY_SIZE           16
 
+#define SMP_FLAG_TK_VALID      1
+#define SMP_FLAG_CFM_PENDING   2
+#define SMP_FLAG_MITM_AUTH     3
+
 struct smp_chan {
        struct l2cap_conn *conn;
        u8              preq[7]; /* SMP Pairing Request */
@@ -124,6 +128,7 @@ struct smp_chan {
        u8              pcnf[16]; /* SMP Pairing Confirm */
        u8              tk[16]; /* SMP Temporary Key */
        u8              smp_key_size;
+       unsigned long   smp_flags;
        struct crypto_blkcipher *tfm;
        struct work_struct confirm;
        struct work_struct random;
@@ -134,6 +139,7 @@ struct smp_chan {
 int smp_conn_security(struct l2cap_conn *conn, __u8 sec_level);
 int smp_sig_channel(struct l2cap_conn *conn, struct sk_buff *skb);
 int smp_distribute_keys(struct l2cap_conn *conn, __u8 force);
+int smp_user_confirm_reply(struct hci_conn *conn, u16 mgmt_op, __le32 passkey);
 
 void smp_chan_destroy(struct l2cap_conn *conn);
 
index 0ee2905a61792c5f725fc514a0ca390fef580262..9fea4bfd0eb54567b711e881eb20112067b61426 100644 (file)
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include <net/bluetooth/bluetooth.h>
 #include <net/bluetooth/hci_core.h>
 #include <net/bluetooth/l2cap.h>
+#include <net/bluetooth/mgmt.h>
 #include <net/bluetooth/smp.h>
 #include <linux/crypto.h>
 #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
@@ -189,24 +190,45 @@ static void smp_send_cmd(struct l2cap_conn *conn, u8 code, u16 len, void *data)
                                        msecs_to_jiffies(SMP_TIMEOUT));
 }
 
+static __u8 authreq_to_seclevel(__u8 authreq)
+{
+       if (authreq & SMP_AUTH_MITM)
+               return BT_SECURITY_HIGH;
+       else
+               return BT_SECURITY_MEDIUM;
+}
+
+static __u8 seclevel_to_authreq(__u8 sec_level)
+{
+       switch (sec_level) {
+       case BT_SECURITY_HIGH:
+               return SMP_AUTH_MITM | SMP_AUTH_BONDING;
+       case BT_SECURITY_MEDIUM:
+               return SMP_AUTH_BONDING;
+       default:
+               return SMP_AUTH_NONE;
+       }
+}
+
 static void build_pairing_cmd(struct l2cap_conn *conn,
                                struct smp_cmd_pairing *req,
                                struct smp_cmd_pairing *rsp,
                                __u8 authreq)
 {
-       u8 dist_keys;
+       u8 dist_keys = 0;
 
-       dist_keys = 0;
        if (test_bit(HCI_PAIRABLE, &conn->hcon->hdev->flags)) {
                dist_keys = SMP_DIST_ENC_KEY;
                authreq |= SMP_AUTH_BONDING;
+       } else {
+               authreq &= ~SMP_AUTH_BONDING;
        }
 
        if (rsp == NULL) {
                req->io_capability = conn->hcon->io_capability;
                req->oob_flag = SMP_OOB_NOT_PRESENT;
                req->max_key_size = SMP_MAX_ENC_KEY_SIZE;
-               req->init_key_dist = dist_keys;
+               req->init_key_dist = 0;
                req->resp_key_dist = dist_keys;
                req->auth_req = authreq;
                return;
@@ -215,7 +237,7 @@ static void build_pairing_cmd(struct l2cap_conn *conn,
        rsp->io_capability = conn->hcon->io_capability;
        rsp->oob_flag = SMP_OOB_NOT_PRESENT;
        rsp->max_key_size = SMP_MAX_ENC_KEY_SIZE;
-       rsp->init_key_dist = req->init_key_dist & dist_keys;
+       rsp->init_key_dist = 0;
        rsp->resp_key_dist = req->resp_key_dist & dist_keys;
        rsp->auth_req = authreq;
 }
@@ -245,6 +267,95 @@ static void smp_failure(struct l2cap_conn *conn, u8 reason, u8 send)
        smp_chan_destroy(conn);
 }
 
+#define JUST_WORKS     0x00
+#define JUST_CFM       0x01
+#define REQ_PASSKEY    0x02
+#define CFM_PASSKEY    0x03
+#define REQ_OOB                0x04
+#define OVERLAP                0xFF
+
+static const u8 gen_method[5][5] = {
+       { JUST_WORKS,  JUST_CFM,    REQ_PASSKEY, JUST_WORKS, REQ_PASSKEY },
+       { JUST_WORKS,  JUST_CFM,    REQ_PASSKEY, JUST_WORKS, REQ_PASSKEY },
+       { CFM_PASSKEY, CFM_PASSKEY, REQ_PASSKEY, JUST_WORKS, CFM_PASSKEY },
+       { JUST_WORKS,  JUST_CFM,    JUST_WORKS,  JUST_WORKS, JUST_CFM    },
+       { CFM_PASSKEY, CFM_PASSKEY, REQ_PASSKEY, JUST_WORKS, OVERLAP     },
+};
+
+static int tk_request(struct l2cap_conn *conn, u8 remote_oob, u8 auth,
+                                               u8 local_io, u8 remote_io)
+{
+       struct hci_conn *hcon = conn->hcon;
+       struct smp_chan *smp = conn->smp_chan;
+       u8 method;
+       u32 passkey = 0;
+       int ret = 0;
+
+       /* Initialize key for JUST WORKS */
+       memset(smp->tk, 0, sizeof(smp->tk));
+       clear_bit(SMP_FLAG_TK_VALID, &smp->smp_flags);
+
+       BT_DBG("tk_request: auth:%d lcl:%d rem:%d", auth, local_io, remote_io);
+
+       /* If neither side wants MITM, use JUST WORKS */
+       /* If either side has unknown io_caps, use JUST WORKS */
+       /* Otherwise, look up method from the table */
+       if (!(auth & SMP_AUTH_MITM) ||
+                       local_io > SMP_IO_KEYBOARD_DISPLAY ||
+                       remote_io > SMP_IO_KEYBOARD_DISPLAY)
+               method = JUST_WORKS;
+       else
+               method = gen_method[local_io][remote_io];
+
+       /* If not bonding, don't ask user to confirm a Zero TK */
+       if (!(auth & SMP_AUTH_BONDING) && method == JUST_CFM)
+               method = JUST_WORKS;
+
+       /* If Just Works, Continue with Zero TK */
+       if (method == JUST_WORKS) {
+               set_bit(SMP_FLAG_TK_VALID, &smp->smp_flags);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /* Not Just Works/Confirm results in MITM Authentication */
+       if (method != JUST_CFM)
+               set_bit(SMP_FLAG_MITM_AUTH, &smp->smp_flags);
+
+       /* If both devices have Keyoard-Display I/O, the master
+        * Confirms and the slave Enters the passkey.
+        */
+       if (method == OVERLAP) {
+               if (hcon->link_mode & HCI_LM_MASTER)
+                       method = CFM_PASSKEY;
+               else
+                       method = REQ_PASSKEY;
+       }
+
+       /* Generate random passkey. Not valid until confirmed. */
+       if (method == CFM_PASSKEY) {
+               u8 key[16];
+
+               memset(key, 0, sizeof(key));
+               get_random_bytes(&passkey, sizeof(passkey));
+               passkey %= 1000000;
+               put_unaligned_le32(passkey, key);
+               swap128(key, smp->tk);
+               BT_DBG("PassKey: %d", passkey);
+       }
+
+       hci_dev_lock(hcon->hdev);
+
+       if (method == REQ_PASSKEY)
+               ret = mgmt_user_passkey_request(hcon->hdev, conn->dst);
+       else
+               ret = mgmt_user_confirm_request(hcon->hdev, conn->dst,
+                                               cpu_to_le32(passkey), 0);
+
+       hci_dev_unlock(hcon->hdev);
+
+       return ret;
+}
+
 static void confirm_work(struct work_struct *work)
 {
        struct smp_chan *smp = container_of(work, struct smp_chan, confirm);
@@ -277,6 +388,8 @@ static void confirm_work(struct work_struct *work)
                goto error;
        }
 
+       clear_bit(SMP_FLAG_CFM_PENDING, &smp->smp_flags);
+
        swap128(res, cp.confirm_val);
        smp_send_cmd(smp->conn, SMP_CMD_PAIRING_CONFIRM, sizeof(cp), &cp);
 
@@ -382,6 +495,7 @@ static struct smp_chan *smp_chan_create(struct l2cap_conn *conn)
 
        smp->conn = conn;
        conn->smp_chan = smp;
+       conn->hcon->smp_conn = conn;
 
        hci_conn_hold(conn->hcon);
 
@@ -399,18 +513,64 @@ void smp_chan_destroy(struct l2cap_conn *conn)
 
        kfree(smp);
        conn->smp_chan = NULL;
+       conn->hcon->smp_conn = NULL;
        hci_conn_put(conn->hcon);
 }
 
+int smp_user_confirm_reply(struct hci_conn *hcon, u16 mgmt_op, __le32 passkey)
+{
+       struct l2cap_conn *conn = hcon->smp_conn;
+       struct smp_chan *smp;
+       u32 value;
+       u8 key[16];
+
+       BT_DBG("");
+
+       if (!conn)
+               return -ENOTCONN;
+
+       smp = conn->smp_chan;
+
+       switch (mgmt_op) {
+       case MGMT_OP_USER_PASSKEY_REPLY:
+               value = le32_to_cpu(passkey);
+               memset(key, 0, sizeof(key));
+               BT_DBG("PassKey: %d", value);
+               put_unaligned_le32(value, key);
+               swap128(key, smp->tk);
+               /* Fall Through */
+       case MGMT_OP_USER_CONFIRM_REPLY:
+               set_bit(SMP_FLAG_TK_VALID, &smp->smp_flags);
+               break;
+       case MGMT_OP_USER_PASSKEY_NEG_REPLY:
+       case MGMT_OP_USER_CONFIRM_NEG_REPLY:
+               smp_failure(conn, SMP_PASSKEY_ENTRY_FAILED, 1);
+               return 0;
+       default:
+               smp_failure(conn, SMP_PASSKEY_ENTRY_FAILED, 1);
+               return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+       }
+
+       /* If it is our turn to send Pairing Confirm, do so now */
+       if (test_bit(SMP_FLAG_CFM_PENDING, &smp->smp_flags))
+               queue_work(hcon->hdev->workqueue, &smp->confirm);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
 static u8 smp_cmd_pairing_req(struct l2cap_conn *conn, struct sk_buff *skb)
 {
        struct smp_cmd_pairing rsp, *req = (void *) skb->data;
        struct smp_chan *smp;
        u8 key_size;
+       u8 auth = SMP_AUTH_NONE;
        int ret;
 
        BT_DBG("conn %p", conn);
 
+       if (conn->hcon->link_mode & HCI_LM_MASTER)
+               return SMP_CMD_NOTSUPP;
+
        if (!test_and_set_bit(HCI_CONN_LE_SMP_PEND, &conn->hcon->pend))
                smp = smp_chan_create(conn);
 
@@ -420,19 +580,16 @@ static u8 smp_cmd_pairing_req(struct l2cap_conn *conn, struct sk_buff *skb)
        memcpy(&smp->preq[1], req, sizeof(*req));
        skb_pull(skb, sizeof(*req));
 
-       if (req->oob_flag)
-               return SMP_OOB_NOT_AVAIL;
+       /* We didn't start the pairing, so match remote */
+       if (req->auth_req & SMP_AUTH_BONDING)
+               auth = req->auth_req;
 
-       /* We didn't start the pairing, so no requirements */
-       build_pairing_cmd(conn, req, &rsp, SMP_AUTH_NONE);
+       build_pairing_cmd(conn, req, &rsp, auth);
 
        key_size = min(req->max_key_size, rsp.max_key_size);
        if (check_enc_key_size(conn, key_size))
                return SMP_ENC_KEY_SIZE;
 
-       /* Just works */
-       memset(smp->tk, 0, sizeof(smp->tk));
-
        ret = smp_rand(smp->prnd);
        if (ret)
                return SMP_UNSPECIFIED;
@@ -442,6 +599,11 @@ static u8 smp_cmd_pairing_req(struct l2cap_conn *conn, struct sk_buff *skb)
 
        smp_send_cmd(conn, SMP_CMD_PAIRING_RSP, sizeof(rsp), &rsp);
 
+       /* Request setup of TK */
+       ret = tk_request(conn, 0, auth, rsp.io_capability, req->io_capability);
+       if (ret)
+               return SMP_UNSPECIFIED;
+
        return 0;
 }
 
@@ -450,11 +612,14 @@ static u8 smp_cmd_pairing_rsp(struct l2cap_conn *conn, struct sk_buff *skb)
        struct smp_cmd_pairing *req, *rsp = (void *) skb->data;
        struct smp_chan *smp = conn->smp_chan;
        struct hci_dev *hdev = conn->hcon->hdev;
-       u8 key_size;
+       u8 key_size, auth = SMP_AUTH_NONE;
        int ret;
 
        BT_DBG("conn %p", conn);
 
+       if (!(conn->hcon->link_mode & HCI_LM_MASTER))
+               return SMP_CMD_NOTSUPP;
+
        skb_pull(skb, sizeof(*rsp));
 
        req = (void *) &smp->preq[1];
@@ -463,12 +628,6 @@ static u8 smp_cmd_pairing_rsp(struct l2cap_conn *conn, struct sk_buff *skb)
        if (check_enc_key_size(conn, key_size))
                return SMP_ENC_KEY_SIZE;
 
-       if (rsp->oob_flag)
-               return SMP_OOB_NOT_AVAIL;
-
-       /* Just works */
-       memset(smp->tk, 0, sizeof(smp->tk));
-
        ret = smp_rand(smp->prnd);
        if (ret)
                return SMP_UNSPECIFIED;
@@ -476,6 +635,22 @@ static u8 smp_cmd_pairing_rsp(struct l2cap_conn *conn, struct sk_buff *skb)
        smp->prsp[0] = SMP_CMD_PAIRING_RSP;
        memcpy(&smp->prsp[1], rsp, sizeof(*rsp));
 
+       if ((req->auth_req & SMP_AUTH_BONDING) &&
+                       (rsp->auth_req & SMP_AUTH_BONDING))
+               auth = SMP_AUTH_BONDING;
+
+       auth |= (req->auth_req | rsp->auth_req) & SMP_AUTH_MITM;
+
+       ret = tk_request(conn, 0, auth, rsp->io_capability, req->io_capability);
+       if (ret)
+               return SMP_UNSPECIFIED;
+
+       set_bit(SMP_FLAG_CFM_PENDING, &smp->smp_flags);
+
+       /* Can't compose response until we have been confirmed */
+       if (!test_bit(SMP_FLAG_TK_VALID, &smp->smp_flags))
+               return 0;
+
        queue_work(hdev->workqueue, &smp->confirm);
 
        return 0;
@@ -497,8 +672,10 @@ static u8 smp_cmd_pairing_confirm(struct l2cap_conn *conn, struct sk_buff *skb)
                swap128(smp->prnd, random);
                smp_send_cmd(conn, SMP_CMD_PAIRING_RANDOM, sizeof(random),
                                                                random);
-       } else {
+       } else if (test_bit(SMP_FLAG_TK_VALID, &smp->smp_flags)) {
                queue_work(hdev->workqueue, &smp->confirm);
+       } else {
+               set_bit(SMP_FLAG_CFM_PENDING, &smp->smp_flags);
        }
 
        return 0;
@@ -551,7 +728,7 @@ static u8 smp_cmd_security_req(struct l2cap_conn *conn, struct sk_buff *skb)
 
        BT_DBG("conn %p", conn);
 
-       hcon->pending_sec_level = BT_SECURITY_MEDIUM;
+       hcon->pending_sec_level = authreq_to_seclevel(rp->auth_req);
 
        if (smp_ltk_encrypt(conn))
                return 0;
@@ -578,6 +755,7 @@ int smp_conn_security(struct l2cap_conn *conn, __u8 sec_level)
 {
        struct hci_conn *hcon = conn->hcon;
        struct smp_chan *smp = conn->smp_chan;
+       __u8 authreq;
 
        BT_DBG("conn %p hcon %p level 0x%2.2x", conn, hcon, sec_level);
 
@@ -598,18 +776,22 @@ int smp_conn_security(struct l2cap_conn *conn, __u8 sec_level)
                return 0;
 
        smp = smp_chan_create(conn);
+       if (!smp)
+               return 1;
+
+       authreq = seclevel_to_authreq(sec_level);
 
        if (hcon->link_mode & HCI_LM_MASTER) {
                struct smp_cmd_pairing cp;
 
-               build_pairing_cmd(conn, &cp, NULL, SMP_AUTH_NONE);
+               build_pairing_cmd(conn, &cp, NULL, authreq);
                smp->preq[0] = SMP_CMD_PAIRING_REQ;
                memcpy(&smp->preq[1], &cp, sizeof(cp));
 
                smp_send_cmd(conn, SMP_CMD_PAIRING_REQ, sizeof(cp), &cp);
        } else {
                struct smp_cmd_security_req cp;
-               cp.auth_req = SMP_AUTH_NONE;
+               cp.auth_req = authreq;
                smp_send_cmd(conn, SMP_CMD_SECURITY_REQ, sizeof(cp), &cp);
        }