bpf: add a longest prefix match trie map implementation

bpf: add a longest prefix match trie map implementation

This trie implements a longest prefix match algorithm that can be used
to match IP addresses to a stored set of ranges.

Internally, data is stored in an unbalanced trie of nodes that has a
maximum height of n, where n is the prefixlen the trie was created
with.

Tries may be created with prefix lengths that are multiples of 8, in
the range from 8 to 2048. The key used for lookup and update operations
is a struct bpf_lpm_trie_key, and the value is a uint64_t.

The code carries more information about the internal implementation.

Signed-off-by: Daniel Mack <daniel@zonque.org>
Reviewed-by: David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>