drivers/mmc/card/block.c

   1 /*
   2  * Block driver for media (i.e., flash cards)
   3  *
   4  * Copyright 2002 Hewlett-Packard Company
   5  * Copyright 2005-2007 Pierre Ossman
   6  *
   7  * Use consistent with the GNU GPL is permitted,
   8  * provided that this copyright notice is
   9  * preserved in its entirety in all copies and derived works.
  10  *
  11  * HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED,
  12  * AS TO THE USEFULNESS OR CORRECTNESS OF THIS CODE OR ITS
  13  * FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
  14  *
  15  * Many thanks to Alessandro Rubini and Jonathan Corbet!
  16  *
  17  * Author:  Andrew Christian
  18  *          28 May 2002
  19  */
  20 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
  21 #include <linux/module.h>
  22 #include <linux/init.h>
  23
  24 #include <linux/kernel.h>
  25 #include <linux/fs.h>
  26 #include <linux/errno.h>
  27 #include <linux/hdreg.h>
  28 #include <linux/kdev_t.h>
  29 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
  30 #include <linux/mutex.h>
  31 #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
  32
  33 #include <linux/mmc/card.h>
  34 #include <linux/mmc/host.h>
  35 #include <linux/mmc/mmc.h>
  36 #include <linux/mmc/sd.h>
  37
  38 #include <asm/system.h>
  39 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
  40
  41 #include "queue.h"
  42
  43 /*
  44  * max 8 partitions per card
  45  */
  46 #define MMC_SHIFT       3
  47 #define MMC_NUM_MINORS  (256 >> MMC_SHIFT)
  48
  49 static unsigned long dev_use[MMC_NUM_MINORS/(8*sizeof(unsigned long))];
  50
  51 /*
  52  * There is one mmc_blk_data per slot.
  53  */
  54 struct mmc_blk_data {
  55         spinlock_t      lock;
  56         struct gendisk  *disk;
  57         struct mmc_queue queue;
  58
  59         unsigned int    usage;
  60         unsigned int    block_bits;
  61         unsigned int    read_only;
  62 };
  63
  64 static DEFINE_MUTEX(open_lock);
  65
  66 static struct mmc_blk_data *mmc_blk_get(struct gendisk *disk)
  67 {
  68         struct mmc_blk_data *md;
  69
  70         mutex_lock(&open_lock);
  71         md = disk->private_data;
  72         if (md && md->usage == 0)
  73                 md = NULL;
  74         if (md)
  75                 md->usage++;
  76         mutex_unlock(&open_lock);
  77
  78         return md;
  79 }
  80
  81 static void mmc_blk_put(struct mmc_blk_data *md)
  82 {
  83         mutex_lock(&open_lock);
  84         md->usage--;
  85         if (md->usage == 0) {
  86                 int devidx = md->disk->first_minor >> MMC_SHIFT;
  87                 __clear_bit(devidx, dev_use);
  88
  89                 put_disk(md->disk);
  90                 kfree(md);
  91         }
  92         mutex_unlock(&open_lock);
  93 }
  94
  95 static int mmc_blk_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
  96 {
  97         struct mmc_blk_data *md;
  98         int ret = -ENXIO;
  99
 100         md = mmc_blk_get(inode->i_bdev->bd_disk);
 101         if (md) {
 102                 if (md->usage == 2)
 103                         check_disk_change(inode->i_bdev);
 104                 ret = 0;
 105
 106                 if ((filp->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) && md->read_only)
 107                         ret = -EROFS;
 108         }
 109
 110         return ret;
 111 }
 112
 113 static int mmc_blk_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
 114 {
 115         struct mmc_blk_data *md = inode->i_bdev->bd_disk->private_data;
 116
 117         mmc_blk_put(md);
 118         return 0;
 119 }
 120
 121 static int
 122 mmc_blk_getgeo(struct block_device *bdev, struct hd_geometry *geo)
 123 {
 124         geo->cylinders = get_capacity(bdev->bd_disk) / (4 * 16);
 125         geo->heads = 4;
 126         geo->sectors = 16;
 127         return 0;
 128 }
 129
 130 static struct block_device_operations mmc_bdops = {
 131         .open                   = mmc_blk_open,
 132         .release                = mmc_blk_release,
 133         .getgeo                 = mmc_blk_getgeo,
 134         .owner                  = THIS_MODULE,
 135 };
 136
 137 struct mmc_blk_request {
 138         struct mmc_request      mrq;
 139         struct mmc_command      cmd;
 140         struct mmc_command      stop;
 141         struct mmc_data         data;
 142 };
 143
 144 static u32 mmc_sd_num_wr_blocks(struct mmc_card *card)
 145 {
 146         int err;
 147         u32 blocks;
 148
 149         struct mmc_request mrq;
 150         struct mmc_command cmd;
 151         struct mmc_data data;
 152         unsigned int timeout_us;
 153
 154         struct scatterlist sg;
 155
 156         memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_command));
 157
 158         cmd.opcode = MMC_APP_CMD;
 159         cmd.arg = card->rca << 16;
 160         cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_SPI_R1 | MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_AC;
 161
 162         err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(card->host, &cmd, 0);
 163         if (err)
 164                 return (u32)-1;
 165         if (!mmc_host_is_spi(card->host) && !(cmd.resp[0] & R1_APP_CMD))
 166                 return (u32)-1;
 167
 168         memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_command));
 169
 170         cmd.opcode = SD_APP_SEND_NUM_WR_BLKS;
 171         cmd.arg = 0;
 172         cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_SPI_R1 | MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_ADTC;
 173
 174         memset(&data, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_data));
 175
 176         data.timeout_ns = card->csd.tacc_ns * 100;
 177         data.timeout_clks = card->csd.tacc_clks * 100;
 178
 179         timeout_us = data.timeout_ns / 1000;
 180         timeout_us += data.timeout_clks * 1000 /
 181                 (card->host->ios.clock / 1000);
 182
 183         if (timeout_us > 100000) {
 184                 data.timeout_ns = 100000000;
 185                 data.timeout_clks = 0;
 186         }
 187
 188         data.blksz = 4;
 189         data.blocks = 1;
 190         data.flags = MMC_DATA_READ;
 191         data.sg = &sg;
 192         data.sg_len = 1;
 193
 194         memset(&mrq, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_request));
 195
 196         mrq.cmd = &cmd;
 197         mrq.data = &data;
 198
 199         sg_init_one(&sg, &blocks, 4);
 200
 201         mmc_wait_for_req(card->host, &mrq);
 202
 203         if (cmd.error || data.error)
 204                 return (u32)-1;
 205
 206         blocks = ntohl(blocks);
 207
 208         return blocks;
 209 }
 210
 211 static int mmc_blk_issue_rq(struct mmc_queue *mq, struct request *req)
 212 {
 213         struct mmc_blk_data *md = mq->data;
 214         struct mmc_card *card = md->queue.card;
 215         struct mmc_blk_request brq;
 216         int ret = 1, sg_pos, data_size;
 217
 218         mmc_claim_host(card->host);
 219
 220         do {
 221                 struct mmc_command cmd;
 222                 u32 readcmd, writecmd;
 223
 224                 memset(&brq, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_blk_request));
 225                 brq.mrq.cmd = &brq.cmd;
 226                 brq.mrq.data = &brq.data;
 227
 228                 brq.cmd.arg = req->sector;
 229                 if (!mmc_card_blockaddr(card))
 230                         brq.cmd.arg <<= 9;
 231                 brq.cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_SPI_R1 | MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_ADTC;
 232                 brq.data.blksz = 1 << md->block_bits;
 233                 brq.stop.opcode = MMC_STOP_TRANSMISSION;
 234                 brq.stop.arg = 0;
 235                 brq.stop.flags = MMC_RSP_SPI_R1B | MMC_RSP_R1B | MMC_CMD_AC;
 236                 brq.data.blocks = req->nr_sectors >> (md->block_bits - 9);
 237                 if (brq.data.blocks > card->host->max_blk_count)
 238                         brq.data.blocks = card->host->max_blk_count;
 239
 240                 /*
 241                  * If the host doesn't support multiple block writes, force
 242                  * block writes to single block. SD cards are excepted from
 243                  * this rule as they support querying the number of
 244                  * successfully written sectors.
 245                  */
 246                 if (rq_data_dir(req) != READ &&
 247                     !(card->host->caps & MMC_CAP_MULTIWRITE) &&
 248                     !mmc_card_sd(card))
 249                         brq.data.blocks = 1;
 250
 251                 if (brq.data.blocks > 1) {
 252                         /* SPI multiblock writes terminate using a special
 253                          * token, not a STOP_TRANSMISSION request.
 254                          */
 255                         if (!mmc_host_is_spi(card->host)
 256                                         || rq_data_dir(req) == READ)
 257                                 brq.mrq.stop = &brq.stop;
 258                         readcmd = MMC_READ_MULTIPLE_BLOCK;
 259                         writecmd = MMC_WRITE_MULTIPLE_BLOCK;
 260                 } else {
 261                         brq.mrq.stop = NULL;
 262                         readcmd = MMC_READ_SINGLE_BLOCK;
 263                         writecmd = MMC_WRITE_BLOCK;
 264                 }
 265
 266                 if (rq_data_dir(req) == READ) {
 267                         brq.cmd.opcode = readcmd;
 268                         brq.data.flags |= MMC_DATA_READ;
 269                 } else {
 270                         brq.cmd.opcode = writecmd;
 271                         brq.data.flags |= MMC_DATA_WRITE;
 272                 }
 273
 274                 mmc_set_data_timeout(&brq.data, card);
 275
 276                 brq.data.sg = mq->sg;
 277                 brq.data.sg_len = mmc_queue_map_sg(mq);
 278
 279                 mmc_queue_bounce_pre(mq);
 280
 281                 if (brq.data.blocks !=
 282                     (req->nr_sectors >> (md->block_bits - 9))) {
 283                         data_size = brq.data.blocks * brq.data.blksz;
 284                         for (sg_pos = 0; sg_pos < brq.data.sg_len; sg_pos++) {
 285                                 data_size -= mq->sg[sg_pos].length;
 286                                 if (data_size <= 0) {
 287                                         mq->sg[sg_pos].length += data_size;
 288                                         sg_pos++;
 289                                         break;
 290                                 }
 291                         }
 292                         brq.data.sg_len = sg_pos;
 293                 }
 294
 295                 mmc_wait_for_req(card->host, &brq.mrq);
 296
 297                 mmc_queue_bounce_post(mq);
 298
 299                 if (brq.cmd.error) {
 300                         printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d sending read/write command\n",
 301                                req->rq_disk->disk_name, brq.cmd.error);
 302                         goto cmd_err;
 303                 }
 304
 305                 if (brq.data.error) {
 306                         printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d transferring data\n",
 307                                req->rq_disk->disk_name, brq.data.error);
 308                         goto cmd_err;
 309                 }
 310
 311                 if (brq.stop.error) {
 312                         printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d sending stop command\n",
 313                                req->rq_disk->disk_name, brq.stop.error);
 314                         goto cmd_err;
 315                 }
 316
 317                 if (!mmc_host_is_spi(card->host) && rq_data_dir(req) != READ) {
 318                         do {
 319                                 int err;
 320
 321                                 cmd.opcode = MMC_SEND_STATUS;
 322                                 cmd.arg = card->rca << 16;
 323                                 cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_AC;
 324                                 err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(card->host, &cmd, 5);
 325                                 if (err) {
 326                                         printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d requesting status\n",
 327                                                req->rq_disk->disk_name, err);
 328                                         goto cmd_err;
 329                                 }
 330                                 /*
 331                                  * Some cards mishandle the status bits,
 332                                  * so make sure to check both the busy
 333                                  * indication and the card state.
 334                                  */
 335                         } while (!(cmd.resp[0] & R1_READY_FOR_DATA) ||
 336                                 (R1_CURRENT_STATE(cmd.resp[0]) == 7));
 337
 338 #if 0
 339                         if (cmd.resp[0] & ~0x00000900)
 340                                 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: status = %08x\n",
 341                                        req->rq_disk->disk_name, cmd.resp[0]);
 342                         if (mmc_decode_status(cmd.resp))
 343                                 goto cmd_err;
 344 #endif
 345                 }
 346
 347                 /*
 348                  * A block was successfully transferred.
 349                  */
 350                 spin_lock_irq(&md->lock);
 351                 ret = end_that_request_chunk(req, 1, brq.data.bytes_xfered);
 352                 if (!ret) {
 353                         /*
 354                          * The whole request completed successfully.
 355                          */
 356                         add_disk_randomness(req->rq_disk);
 357                         blkdev_dequeue_request(req);
 358                         end_that_request_last(req, 1);
 359                 }
 360                 spin_unlock_irq(&md->lock);
 361         } while (ret);
 362
 363         mmc_release_host(card->host);
 364
 365         return 1;
 366
 367  cmd_err:
 368         /*
 369          * If this is an SD card and we're writing, we can first
 370          * mark the known good sectors as ok.
 371          *
 372          * If the card is not SD, we can still ok written sectors
 373          * if the controller can do proper error reporting.
 374          *
 375          * For reads we just fail the entire chunk as that should
 376          * be safe in all cases.
 377          */
 378         if (rq_data_dir(req) != READ && mmc_card_sd(card)) {
 379                 u32 blocks;
 380                 unsigned int bytes;
 381
 382                 blocks = mmc_sd_num_wr_blocks(card);
 383                 if (blocks != (u32)-1) {
 384                         if (card->csd.write_partial)
 385                                 bytes = blocks << md->block_bits;
 386                         else
 387                                 bytes = blocks << 9;
 388                         spin_lock_irq(&md->lock);
 389                         ret = end_that_request_chunk(req, 1, bytes);
 390                         spin_unlock_irq(&md->lock);
 391                 }
 392         } else if (rq_data_dir(req) != READ &&
 393                    (card->host->caps & MMC_CAP_MULTIWRITE)) {
 394                 spin_lock_irq(&md->lock);
 395                 ret = end_that_request_chunk(req, 1, brq.data.bytes_xfered);
 396                 spin_unlock_irq(&md->lock);
 397         }
 398
 399         mmc_release_host(card->host);
 400
 401         spin_lock_irq(&md->lock);
 402         while (ret) {
 403                 ret = end_that_request_chunk(req, 0,
 404                                 req->current_nr_sectors << 9);
 405         }
 406
 407         add_disk_randomness(req->rq_disk);
 408         blkdev_dequeue_request(req);
 409         end_that_request_last(req, 0);
 410         spin_unlock_irq(&md->lock);
 411
 412         return 0;
 413 }
 414
 415
 416 static inline int mmc_blk_readonly(struct mmc_card *card)
 417 {
 418         return mmc_card_readonly(card) ||
 419                !(card->csd.cmdclass & CCC_BLOCK_WRITE);
 420 }
 421
 422 static struct mmc_blk_data *mmc_blk_alloc(struct mmc_card *card)
 423 {
 424         struct mmc_blk_data *md;
 425         int devidx, ret;
 426
 427         devidx = find_first_zero_bit(dev_use, MMC_NUM_MINORS);
 428         if (devidx >= MMC_NUM_MINORS)
 429                 return ERR_PTR(-ENOSPC);
 430         __set_bit(devidx, dev_use);
 431
 432         md = kzalloc(sizeof(struct mmc_blk_data), GFP_KERNEL);
 433         if (!md) {
 434                 ret = -ENOMEM;
 435                 goto out;
 436         }
 437
 438
 439         /*
 440          * Set the read-only status based on the supported commands
 441          * and the write protect switch.
 442          */
 443         md->read_only = mmc_blk_readonly(card);
 444
 445         /*
 446          * Both SD and MMC specifications state (although a bit
 447          * unclearly in the MMC case) that a block size of 512
 448          * bytes must always be supported by the card.
 449          */
 450         md->block_bits = 9;
 451
 452         md->disk = alloc_disk(1 << MMC_SHIFT);
 453         if (md->disk == NULL) {
 454                 ret = -ENOMEM;
 455                 goto err_kfree;
 456         }
 457
 458         spin_lock_init(&md->lock);
 459         md->usage = 1;
 460
 461         ret = mmc_init_queue(&md->queue, card, &md->lock);
 462         if (ret)
 463                 goto err_putdisk;
 464
 465         md->queue.issue_fn = mmc_blk_issue_rq;
 466         md->queue.data = md;
 467
 468         md->disk->major = MMC_BLOCK_MAJOR;
 469         md->disk->first_minor = devidx << MMC_SHIFT;
 470         md->disk->fops = &mmc_bdops;
 471         md->disk->private_data = md;
 472         md->disk->queue = md->queue.queue;
 473         md->disk->driverfs_dev = &card->dev;
 474
 475         /*
 476          * As discussed on lkml, GENHD_FL_REMOVABLE should:
 477          *
 478          * - be set for removable media with permanent block devices
 479          * - be unset for removable block devices with permanent media
 480          *
 481          * Since MMC block devices clearly fall under the second
 482          * case, we do not set GENHD_FL_REMOVABLE.  Userspace
 483          * should use the block device creation/destruction hotplug
 484          * messages to tell when the card is present.
 485          */
 486
 487         sprintf(md->disk->disk_name, "mmcblk%d", devidx);
 488
 489         blk_queue_hardsect_size(md->queue.queue, 1 << md->block_bits);
 490
 491         if (!mmc_card_sd(card) && mmc_card_blockaddr(card)) {
 492                 /*
 493                  * The EXT_CSD sector count is in number or 512 byte
 494                  * sectors.
 495                  */
 496                 set_capacity(md->disk, card->ext_csd.sectors);
 497         } else {
 498                 /*
 499                  * The CSD capacity field is in units of read_blkbits.
 500                  * set_capacity takes units of 512 bytes.
 501                  */
 502                 set_capacity(md->disk,
 503                         card->csd.capacity << (card->csd.read_blkbits - 9));
 504         }
 505         return md;
 506
 507  err_putdisk:
 508         put_disk(md->disk);
 509  err_kfree:
 510         kfree(md);
 511  out:
 512         return ERR_PTR(ret);
 513 }
 514
 515 static int
 516 mmc_blk_set_blksize(struct mmc_blk_data *md, struct mmc_card *card)
 517 {
 518         struct mmc_command cmd;
 519         int err;
 520
 521         /* Block-addressed cards ignore MMC_SET_BLOCKLEN. */
 522         if (mmc_card_blockaddr(card))
 523                 return 0;
 524
 525         mmc_claim_host(card->host);
 526         cmd.opcode = MMC_SET_BLOCKLEN;
 527         cmd.arg = 1 << md->block_bits;
 528         cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_SPI_R1 | MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_AC;
 529         err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(card->host, &cmd, 5);
 530         mmc_release_host(card->host);
 531
 532         if (err) {
 533                 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: unable to set block size to %d: %d\n",
 534                         md->disk->disk_name, cmd.arg, err);
 535                 return -EINVAL;
 536         }
 537
 538         return 0;
 539 }
 540
 541 static int mmc_blk_probe(struct mmc_card *card)
 542 {
 543         struct mmc_blk_data *md;
 544         int err;
 545
 546         /*
 547          * Check that the card supports the command class(es) we need.
 548          */
 549         if (!(card->csd.cmdclass & CCC_BLOCK_READ))
 550                 return -ENODEV;
 551
 552         md = mmc_blk_alloc(card);
 553         if (IS_ERR(md))
 554                 return PTR_ERR(md);
 555
 556         err = mmc_blk_set_blksize(md, card);
 557         if (err)
 558                 goto out;
 559
 560         printk(KERN_INFO "%s: %s %s %lluKiB %s\n",
 561                 md->disk->disk_name, mmc_card_id(card), mmc_card_name(card),
 562                 (unsigned long long)(get_capacity(md->disk) >> 1),
 563                 md->read_only ? "(ro)" : "");
 564
 565         mmc_set_drvdata(card, md);
 566         add_disk(md->disk);
 567         return 0;
 568
 569  out:
 570         mmc_blk_put(md);
 571
 572         return err;
 573 }
 574
 575 static void mmc_blk_remove(struct mmc_card *card)
 576 {
 577         struct mmc_blk_data *md = mmc_get_drvdata(card);
 578
 579         if (md) {
 580                 /* Stop new requests from getting into the queue */
 581                 del_gendisk(md->disk);
 582
 583                 /* Then flush out any already in there */
 584                 mmc_cleanup_queue(&md->queue);
 585
 586                 mmc_blk_put(md);
 587         }
 588         mmc_set_drvdata(card, NULL);
 589 }
 590
 591 #ifdef CONFIG_PM
 592 static int mmc_blk_suspend(struct mmc_card *card, pm_message_t state)
 593 {
 594         struct mmc_blk_data *md = mmc_get_drvdata(card);
 595
 596         if (md) {
 597                 mmc_queue_suspend(&md->queue);
 598         }
 599         return 0;
 600 }
 601
 602 static int mmc_blk_resume(struct mmc_card *card)
 603 {
 604         struct mmc_blk_data *md = mmc_get_drvdata(card);
 605
 606         if (md) {
 607                 mmc_blk_set_blksize(md, card);
 608                 mmc_queue_resume(&md->queue);
 609         }
 610         return 0;
 611 }
 612 #else
 613 #define mmc_blk_suspend NULL
 614 #define mmc_blk_resume  NULL
 615 #endif
 616
 617 static struct mmc_driver mmc_driver = {
 618         .drv            = {
 619                 .name   = "mmcblk",
 620         },
 621         .probe          = mmc_blk_probe,
 622         .remove         = mmc_blk_remove,
 623         .suspend        = mmc_blk_suspend,
 624         .resume         = mmc_blk_resume,
 625 };
 626
 627 static int __init mmc_blk_init(void)
 628 {
 629         int res = -ENOMEM;
 630
 631         res = register_blkdev(MMC_BLOCK_MAJOR, "mmc");
 632         if (res)
 633                 goto out;
 634
 635         return mmc_register_driver(&mmc_driver);
 636
 637  out:
 638         return res;
 639 }
 640
 641 static void __exit mmc_blk_exit(void)
 642 {
 643         mmc_unregister_driver(&mmc_driver);
 644         unregister_blkdev(MMC_BLOCK_MAJOR, "mmc");
 645 }
 646
 647 module_init(mmc_blk_init);
 648 module_exit(mmc_blk_exit);
 649
 650 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
 651 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Multimedia Card (MMC) block device driver");
 652