2 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
4 * Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
6 * Memory region support
7 * David Parsons <orc@pell.chi.il.us>, July-August 1999
9 * Added E820 sanitization routine (removes overlapping memory regions);
10 * Brian Moyle <bmoyle@mvista.com>, February 2001
12 * Moved CPU detection code to cpu/${cpu}.c
13 * Patrick Mochel <mochel@osdl.org>, March 2002
15 * Provisions for empty E820 memory regions (reported by certain BIOSes).
16 * Alex Achenbach <xela@slit.de>, December 2002.
21 * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of initialization
24 #include <linux/sched.h>
26 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
27 #include <linux/screen_info.h>
28 #include <linux/ioport.h>
29 #include <linux/acpi.h>
30 #include <linux/sfi.h>
31 #include <linux/apm_bios.h>
32 #include <linux/initrd.h>
33 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
34 #include <linux/memblock.h>
35 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
36 #include <linux/console.h>
37 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
38 #include <linux/highmem.h>
39 #include <linux/module.h>
40 #include <linux/efi.h>
41 #include <linux/init.h>
42 #include <linux/edd.h>
43 #include <linux/iscsi_ibft.h>
44 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
45 #include <linux/kexec.h>
46 #include <linux/dmi.h>
47 #include <linux/pfn.h>
48 #include <linux/pci.h>
49 #include <asm/pci-direct.h>
50 #include <linux/init_ohci1394_dma.h>
51 #include <linux/kvm_para.h>
52 #include <linux/dma-contiguous.h>
54 #include <linux/errno.h>
55 #include <linux/kernel.h>
56 #include <linux/stddef.h>
57 #include <linux/unistd.h>
58 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
59 #include <linux/user.h>
60 #include <linux/delay.h>
62 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
63 #include <linux/cpufreq.h>
64 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
65 #include <linux/ctype.h>
66 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
68 #include <linux/percpu.h>
69 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
70 #include <linux/tboot.h>
71 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
73 #include <video/edid.h>
77 #include <asm/realmode.h>
79 #include <asm/mpspec.h>
80 #include <asm/setup.h>
82 #include <asm/timer.h>
83 #include <asm/i8259.h>
84 #include <asm/sections.h>
86 #include <asm/io_apic.h>
88 #include <asm/setup_arch.h>
89 #include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
90 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
91 #include <asm/processor.h>
94 #include <asm/vsyscall.h>
98 #include <asm/iommu.h>
100 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
101 #include <asm/proto.h>
103 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
104 #include <asm/hypervisor.h>
105 #include <asm/olpc_ofw.h>
107 #include <asm/percpu.h>
108 #include <asm/topology.h>
109 #include <asm/apicdef.h>
110 #include <asm/amd_nb.h>
112 #include <asm/alternative.h>
113 #include <asm/prom.h>
116 * max_low_pfn_mapped: highest direct mapped pfn under 4GB
117 * max_pfn_mapped: highest direct mapped pfn over 4GB
119 * The direct mapping only covers E820_RAM regions, so the ranges and gaps are
120 * represented by pfn_mapped
122 unsigned long max_low_pfn_mapped
;
123 unsigned long max_pfn_mapped
;
126 RESERVE_BRK(dmi_alloc
, 65536);
130 static __initdata
unsigned long _brk_start
= (unsigned long)__brk_base
;
131 unsigned long _brk_end
= (unsigned long)__brk_base
;
134 int default_cpu_present_to_apicid(int mps_cpu
)
136 return __default_cpu_present_to_apicid(mps_cpu
);
139 int default_check_phys_apicid_present(int phys_apicid
)
141 return __default_check_phys_apicid_present(phys_apicid
);
145 struct boot_params boot_params
;
150 static struct resource data_resource
= {
151 .name
= "Kernel data",
154 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_MEM
157 static struct resource code_resource
= {
158 .name
= "Kernel code",
161 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_MEM
164 static struct resource bss_resource
= {
165 .name
= "Kernel bss",
168 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_MEM
173 /* cpu data as detected by the assembly code in head.S */
174 struct cpuinfo_x86 new_cpu_data __cpuinitdata
= {
178 /* common cpu data for all cpus */
179 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly
= {
183 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data
);
185 unsigned int def_to_bigsmp
;
187 /* for MCA, but anyone else can use it if they want */
188 unsigned int machine_id
;
189 unsigned int machine_submodel_id
;
190 unsigned int BIOS_revision
;
192 struct apm_info apm_info
;
193 EXPORT_SYMBOL(apm_info
);
195 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI) || \
196 defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI_MODULE)
197 struct ist_info ist_info
;
198 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ist_info
);
200 struct ist_info ist_info
;
204 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly
= {
205 .x86_phys_bits
= MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS
,
207 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data
);
211 #if !defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE) || defined(CONFIG_X86_64)
212 unsigned long mmu_cr4_features
;
214 unsigned long mmu_cr4_features
= X86_CR4_PAE
;
217 /* Boot loader ID and version as integers, for the benefit of proc_dointvec */
218 int bootloader_type
, bootloader_version
;
223 struct screen_info screen_info
;
224 EXPORT_SYMBOL(screen_info
);
225 struct edid_info edid_info
;
226 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(edid_info
);
228 extern int root_mountflags
;
230 unsigned long saved_video_mode
;
232 #define RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK 0x07FF
233 #define RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG 0x8000
234 #define RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG 0x4000
236 static char __initdata command_line
[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
];
237 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
238 static char __initdata builtin_cmdline
[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
] = CONFIG_CMDLINE
;
241 #if defined(CONFIG_EDD) || defined(CONFIG_EDD_MODULE)
243 #ifdef CONFIG_EDD_MODULE
247 * copy_edd() - Copy the BIOS EDD information
248 * from boot_params into a safe place.
251 static inline void __init
copy_edd(void)
253 memcpy(edd
.mbr_signature
, boot_params
.edd_mbr_sig_buffer
,
254 sizeof(edd
.mbr_signature
));
255 memcpy(edd
.edd_info
, boot_params
.eddbuf
, sizeof(edd
.edd_info
));
256 edd
.mbr_signature_nr
= boot_params
.edd_mbr_sig_buf_entries
;
257 edd
.edd_info_nr
= boot_params
.eddbuf_entries
;
260 static inline void __init
copy_edd(void)
265 void * __init
extend_brk(size_t size
, size_t align
)
267 size_t mask
= align
- 1;
270 BUG_ON(_brk_start
== 0);
271 BUG_ON(align
& mask
);
273 _brk_end
= (_brk_end
+ mask
) & ~mask
;
274 BUG_ON((char *)(_brk_end
+ size
) > __brk_limit
);
276 ret
= (void *)_brk_end
;
279 memset(ret
, 0, size
);
285 static void __init
cleanup_highmap(void)
290 static void __init
reserve_brk(void)
292 if (_brk_end
> _brk_start
)
293 memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(_brk_start
),
294 _brk_end
- _brk_start
);
296 /* Mark brk area as locked down and no longer taking any
301 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
303 static u64 __init
get_ramdisk_image(void)
305 u64 ramdisk_image
= boot_params
.hdr
.ramdisk_image
;
307 ramdisk_image
|= (u64
)boot_params
.ext_ramdisk_image
<< 32;
309 return ramdisk_image
;
311 static u64 __init
get_ramdisk_size(void)
313 u64 ramdisk_size
= boot_params
.hdr
.ramdisk_size
;
315 ramdisk_size
|= (u64
)boot_params
.ext_ramdisk_size
<< 32;
320 #define MAX_MAP_CHUNK (NR_FIX_BTMAPS << PAGE_SHIFT)
321 static void __init
relocate_initrd(void)
323 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
324 u64 ramdisk_image
= get_ramdisk_image();
325 u64 ramdisk_size
= get_ramdisk_size();
326 u64 area_size
= PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_size
);
328 unsigned long slop
, clen
, mapaddr
;
331 /* We need to move the initrd down into directly mapped mem */
332 ramdisk_here
= memblock_find_in_range(0, PFN_PHYS(max_pfn_mapped
),
333 area_size
, PAGE_SIZE
);
336 panic("Cannot find place for new RAMDISK of size %lld\n",
339 /* Note: this includes all the mem currently occupied by
340 the initrd, we rely on that fact to keep the data intact. */
341 memblock_reserve(ramdisk_here
, area_size
);
342 initrd_start
= ramdisk_here
+ PAGE_OFFSET
;
343 initrd_end
= initrd_start
+ ramdisk_size
;
344 printk(KERN_INFO
"Allocated new RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n",
345 ramdisk_here
, ramdisk_here
+ ramdisk_size
- 1);
347 q
= (char *)initrd_start
;
349 /* Copy the initrd */
350 while (ramdisk_size
) {
351 slop
= ramdisk_image
& ~PAGE_MASK
;
353 if (clen
> MAX_MAP_CHUNK
-slop
)
354 clen
= MAX_MAP_CHUNK
-slop
;
355 mapaddr
= ramdisk_image
& PAGE_MASK
;
356 p
= early_memremap(mapaddr
, clen
+slop
);
357 memcpy(q
, p
+slop
, clen
);
358 early_iounmap(p
, clen
+slop
);
360 ramdisk_image
+= clen
;
361 ramdisk_size
-= clen
;
364 ramdisk_image
= get_ramdisk_image();
365 ramdisk_size
= get_ramdisk_size();
366 printk(KERN_INFO
"Move RAMDISK from [mem %#010llx-%#010llx] to"
367 " [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n",
368 ramdisk_image
, ramdisk_image
+ ramdisk_size
- 1,
369 ramdisk_here
, ramdisk_here
+ ramdisk_size
- 1);
372 static void __init
early_reserve_initrd(void)
374 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
375 u64 ramdisk_image
= get_ramdisk_image();
376 u64 ramdisk_size
= get_ramdisk_size();
377 u64 ramdisk_end
= PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image
+ ramdisk_size
);
379 if (!boot_params
.hdr
.type_of_loader
||
380 !ramdisk_image
|| !ramdisk_size
)
381 return; /* No initrd provided by bootloader */
383 memblock_reserve(ramdisk_image
, ramdisk_end
- ramdisk_image
);
385 static void __init
reserve_initrd(void)
387 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
388 u64 ramdisk_image
= get_ramdisk_image();
389 u64 ramdisk_size
= get_ramdisk_size();
390 u64 ramdisk_end
= PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image
+ ramdisk_size
);
393 if (!boot_params
.hdr
.type_of_loader
||
394 !ramdisk_image
|| !ramdisk_size
)
395 return; /* No initrd provided by bootloader */
399 mapped_size
= memblock_mem_size(max_pfn_mapped
);
400 if (ramdisk_size
>= (mapped_size
>>1))
401 panic("initrd too large to handle, "
402 "disabling initrd (%lld needed, %lld available)\n",
403 ramdisk_size
, mapped_size
>>1);
405 printk(KERN_INFO
"RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n", ramdisk_image
,
408 if (pfn_range_is_mapped(PFN_DOWN(ramdisk_image
),
409 PFN_DOWN(ramdisk_end
))) {
410 /* All are mapped, easy case */
411 initrd_start
= ramdisk_image
+ PAGE_OFFSET
;
412 initrd_end
= initrd_start
+ ramdisk_size
;
418 memblock_free(ramdisk_image
, ramdisk_end
- ramdisk_image
);
421 static void __init
early_reserve_initrd(void)
424 static void __init
reserve_initrd(void)
427 #endif /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
429 static void __init
parse_setup_data(void)
431 struct setup_data
*data
;
434 pa_data
= boot_params
.hdr
.setup_data
;
436 u32 data_len
, map_len
;
438 map_len
= max(PAGE_SIZE
- (pa_data
& ~PAGE_MASK
),
439 (u64
)sizeof(struct setup_data
));
440 data
= early_memremap(pa_data
, map_len
);
441 data_len
= data
->len
+ sizeof(struct setup_data
);
442 if (data_len
> map_len
) {
443 early_iounmap(data
, map_len
);
444 data
= early_memremap(pa_data
, data_len
);
448 switch (data
->type
) {
450 parse_e820_ext(data
);
458 pa_data
= data
->next
;
459 early_iounmap(data
, map_len
);
463 static void __init
e820_reserve_setup_data(void)
465 struct setup_data
*data
;
469 pa_data
= boot_params
.hdr
.setup_data
;
471 data
= early_memremap(pa_data
, sizeof(*data
));
472 e820_update_range(pa_data
, sizeof(*data
)+data
->len
,
473 E820_RAM
, E820_RESERVED_KERN
);
475 pa_data
= data
->next
;
476 early_iounmap(data
, sizeof(*data
));
481 sanitize_e820_map(e820
.map
, ARRAY_SIZE(e820
.map
), &e820
.nr_map
);
482 memcpy(&e820_saved
, &e820
, sizeof(struct e820map
));
483 printk(KERN_INFO
"extended physical RAM map:\n");
484 e820_print_map("reserve setup_data");
487 static void __init
memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data(void)
489 struct setup_data
*data
;
492 pa_data
= boot_params
.hdr
.setup_data
;
494 data
= early_memremap(pa_data
, sizeof(*data
));
495 memblock_reserve(pa_data
, sizeof(*data
) + data
->len
);
496 pa_data
= data
->next
;
497 early_iounmap(data
, sizeof(*data
));
502 * --------- Crashkernel reservation ------------------------------
508 * Keep the crash kernel below this limit. On 32 bits earlier kernels
509 * would limit the kernel to the low 512 MiB due to mapping restrictions.
510 * On 64bit, old kexec-tools need to under 896MiB.
513 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_LOW_MAX (512 << 20)
514 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_HIGH_MAX (512 << 20)
516 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_LOW_MAX (896UL<<20)
517 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_HIGH_MAX MAXMEM
520 static void __init
reserve_crashkernel_low(void)
523 const unsigned long long alignment
= 16<<20; /* 16M */
524 unsigned long long low_base
= 0, low_size
= 0;
525 unsigned long total_low_mem
;
526 unsigned long long base
;
527 bool auto_set
= false;
530 total_low_mem
= memblock_mem_size(1UL<<(32-PAGE_SHIFT
));
531 /* crashkernel=Y,low */
532 ret
= parse_crashkernel_low(boot_command_line
, total_low_mem
,
536 * two parts from lib/swiotlb.c:
537 * swiotlb size: user specified with swiotlb= or default.
538 * swiotlb overflow buffer: now is hardcoded to 32k.
539 * We round it to 8M for other buffers that
540 * may need to stay low too.
542 low_size
= swiotlb_size_or_default() + (8UL<<20);
545 /* passed with crashkernel=0,low ? */
550 low_base
= memblock_find_in_range(low_size
, (1ULL<<32),
551 low_size
, alignment
);
555 pr_info("crashkernel low reservation failed - No suitable area found.\n");
560 memblock_reserve(low_base
, low_size
);
561 pr_info("Reserving %ldMB of low memory at %ldMB for crashkernel (System low RAM: %ldMB)\n",
562 (unsigned long)(low_size
>> 20),
563 (unsigned long)(low_base
>> 20),
564 (unsigned long)(total_low_mem
>> 20));
565 crashk_low_res
.start
= low_base
;
566 crashk_low_res
.end
= low_base
+ low_size
- 1;
567 insert_resource(&iomem_resource
, &crashk_low_res
);
571 static void __init
reserve_crashkernel(void)
573 const unsigned long long alignment
= 16<<20; /* 16M */
574 unsigned long long total_mem
;
575 unsigned long long crash_size
, crash_base
;
579 total_mem
= memblock_phys_mem_size();
582 ret
= parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line
, total_mem
,
583 &crash_size
, &crash_base
);
584 if (ret
!= 0 || crash_size
<= 0) {
585 /* crashkernel=X,high */
586 ret
= parse_crashkernel_high(boot_command_line
, total_mem
,
587 &crash_size
, &crash_base
);
588 if (ret
!= 0 || crash_size
<= 0)
593 /* 0 means: find the address automatically */
594 if (crash_base
<= 0) {
596 * kexec want bzImage is below CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX
598 crash_base
= memblock_find_in_range(alignment
,
599 high
? CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_HIGH_MAX
:
600 CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_LOW_MAX
,
601 crash_size
, alignment
);
604 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - No suitable area found.\n");
609 unsigned long long start
;
611 start
= memblock_find_in_range(crash_base
,
612 crash_base
+ crash_size
, crash_size
, 1<<20);
613 if (start
!= crash_base
) {
614 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - memory is in use.\n");
618 memblock_reserve(crash_base
, crash_size
);
620 printk(KERN_INFO
"Reserving %ldMB of memory at %ldMB "
621 "for crashkernel (System RAM: %ldMB)\n",
622 (unsigned long)(crash_size
>> 20),
623 (unsigned long)(crash_base
>> 20),
624 (unsigned long)(total_mem
>> 20));
626 crashk_res
.start
= crash_base
;
627 crashk_res
.end
= crash_base
+ crash_size
- 1;
628 insert_resource(&iomem_resource
, &crashk_res
);
630 if (crash_base
>= (1ULL<<32))
631 reserve_crashkernel_low();
634 static void __init
reserve_crashkernel(void)
639 static struct resource standard_io_resources
[] = {
640 { .name
= "dma1", .start
= 0x00, .end
= 0x1f,
641 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
642 { .name
= "pic1", .start
= 0x20, .end
= 0x21,
643 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
644 { .name
= "timer0", .start
= 0x40, .end
= 0x43,
645 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
646 { .name
= "timer1", .start
= 0x50, .end
= 0x53,
647 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
648 { .name
= "keyboard", .start
= 0x60, .end
= 0x60,
649 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
650 { .name
= "keyboard", .start
= 0x64, .end
= 0x64,
651 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
652 { .name
= "dma page reg", .start
= 0x80, .end
= 0x8f,
653 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
654 { .name
= "pic2", .start
= 0xa0, .end
= 0xa1,
655 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
656 { .name
= "dma2", .start
= 0xc0, .end
= 0xdf,
657 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
658 { .name
= "fpu", .start
= 0xf0, .end
= 0xff,
659 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
}
662 void __init
reserve_standard_io_resources(void)
666 /* request I/O space for devices used on all i[345]86 PCs */
667 for (i
= 0; i
< ARRAY_SIZE(standard_io_resources
); i
++)
668 request_resource(&ioport_resource
, &standard_io_resources
[i
]);
672 static __init
void reserve_ibft_region(void)
674 unsigned long addr
, size
= 0;
676 addr
= find_ibft_region(&size
);
679 memblock_reserve(addr
, size
);
682 static bool __init
snb_gfx_workaround_needed(void)
687 static const __initconst u16 snb_ids
[] = {
697 /* Assume no if something weird is going on with PCI */
698 if (!early_pci_allowed())
701 vendor
= read_pci_config_16(0, 2, 0, PCI_VENDOR_ID
);
702 if (vendor
!= 0x8086)
705 devid
= read_pci_config_16(0, 2, 0, PCI_DEVICE_ID
);
706 for (i
= 0; i
< ARRAY_SIZE(snb_ids
); i
++)
707 if (devid
== snb_ids
[i
])
715 * Sandy Bridge graphics has trouble with certain ranges, exclude
716 * them from allocation.
718 static void __init
trim_snb_memory(void)
720 static const __initconst
unsigned long bad_pages
[] = {
729 if (!snb_gfx_workaround_needed())
732 printk(KERN_DEBUG
"reserving inaccessible SNB gfx pages\n");
735 * Reserve all memory below the 1 MB mark that has not
736 * already been reserved.
738 memblock_reserve(0, 1<<20);
740 for (i
= 0; i
< ARRAY_SIZE(bad_pages
); i
++) {
741 if (memblock_reserve(bad_pages
[i
], PAGE_SIZE
))
742 printk(KERN_WARNING
"failed to reserve 0x%08lx\n",
748 * Here we put platform-specific memory range workarounds, i.e.
749 * memory known to be corrupt or otherwise in need to be reserved on
750 * specific platforms.
752 * If this gets used more widely it could use a real dispatch mechanism.
754 static void __init
trim_platform_memory_ranges(void)
759 static void __init
trim_bios_range(void)
762 * A special case is the first 4Kb of memory;
763 * This is a BIOS owned area, not kernel ram, but generally
764 * not listed as such in the E820 table.
766 * This typically reserves additional memory (64KiB by default)
767 * since some BIOSes are known to corrupt low memory. See the
768 * Kconfig help text for X86_RESERVE_LOW.
770 e820_update_range(0, PAGE_SIZE
, E820_RAM
, E820_RESERVED
);
773 * special case: Some BIOSen report the PC BIOS
774 * area (640->1Mb) as ram even though it is not.
777 e820_remove_range(BIOS_BEGIN
, BIOS_END
- BIOS_BEGIN
, E820_RAM
, 1);
779 sanitize_e820_map(e820
.map
, ARRAY_SIZE(e820
.map
), &e820
.nr_map
);
782 /* called before trim_bios_range() to spare extra sanitize */
783 static void __init
e820_add_kernel_range(void)
785 u64 start
= __pa_symbol(_text
);
786 u64 size
= __pa_symbol(_end
) - start
;
789 * Complain if .text .data and .bss are not marked as E820_RAM and
790 * attempt to fix it by adding the range. We may have a confused BIOS,
791 * or the user may have used memmap=exactmap or memmap=xxM$yyM to
792 * exclude kernel range. If we really are running on top non-RAM,
793 * we will crash later anyways.
795 if (e820_all_mapped(start
, start
+ size
, E820_RAM
))
798 pr_warn(".text .data .bss are not marked as E820_RAM!\n");
799 e820_remove_range(start
, size
, E820_RAM
, 0);
800 e820_add_region(start
, size
, E820_RAM
);
803 static unsigned reserve_low
= CONFIG_X86_RESERVE_LOW
<< 10;
805 static int __init
parse_reservelow(char *p
)
807 unsigned long long size
;
812 size
= memparse(p
, &p
);
825 early_param("reservelow", parse_reservelow
);
827 static void __init
trim_low_memory_range(void)
829 memblock_reserve(0, ALIGN(reserve_low
, PAGE_SIZE
));
833 * Determine if we were loaded by an EFI loader. If so, then we have also been
834 * passed the efi memmap, systab, etc., so we should use these data structures
835 * for initialization. Note, the efi init code path is determined by the
836 * global efi_enabled. This allows the same kernel image to be used on existing
837 * systems (with a traditional BIOS) as well as on EFI systems.
840 * setup_arch - architecture-specific boot-time initializations
842 * Note: On x86_64, fixmaps are ready for use even before this is called.
845 void __init
setup_arch(char **cmdline_p
)
847 memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(_text
),
848 (unsigned long)__bss_stop
- (unsigned long)_text
);
850 early_reserve_initrd();
853 * At this point everything still needed from the boot loader
854 * or BIOS or kernel text should be early reserved or marked not
855 * RAM in e820. All other memory is free game.
859 memcpy(&boot_cpu_data
, &new_cpu_data
, sizeof(new_cpu_data
));
860 visws_early_detect();
863 * copy kernel address range established so far and switch
864 * to the proper swapper page table
866 clone_pgd_range(swapper_pg_dir
+ KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY
,
867 initial_page_table
+ KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY
,
870 load_cr3(swapper_pg_dir
);
873 printk(KERN_INFO
"Command line: %s\n", boot_command_line
);
877 * If we have OLPC OFW, we might end up relocating the fixmap due to
878 * reserve_top(), so do this before touching the ioremap area.
884 early_ioremap_init();
886 setup_olpc_ofw_pgd();
888 ROOT_DEV
= old_decode_dev(boot_params
.hdr
.root_dev
);
889 screen_info
= boot_params
.screen_info
;
890 edid_info
= boot_params
.edid_info
;
892 apm_info
.bios
= boot_params
.apm_bios_info
;
893 ist_info
= boot_params
.ist_info
;
894 if (boot_params
.sys_desc_table
.length
!= 0) {
895 machine_id
= boot_params
.sys_desc_table
.table
[0];
896 machine_submodel_id
= boot_params
.sys_desc_table
.table
[1];
897 BIOS_revision
= boot_params
.sys_desc_table
.table
[2];
900 saved_video_mode
= boot_params
.hdr
.vid_mode
;
901 bootloader_type
= boot_params
.hdr
.type_of_loader
;
902 if ((bootloader_type
>> 4) == 0xe) {
903 bootloader_type
&= 0xf;
904 bootloader_type
|= (boot_params
.hdr
.ext_loader_type
+0x10) << 4;
906 bootloader_version
= bootloader_type
& 0xf;
907 bootloader_version
|= boot_params
.hdr
.ext_loader_ver
<< 4;
909 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM
910 rd_image_start
= boot_params
.hdr
.ram_size
& RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK
;
911 rd_prompt
= ((boot_params
.hdr
.ram_size
& RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG
) != 0);
912 rd_doload
= ((boot_params
.hdr
.ram_size
& RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG
) != 0);
915 if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params
.efi_info
.efi_loader_signature
,
917 set_bit(EFI_BOOT
, &x86_efi_facility
);
918 } else if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params
.efi_info
.efi_loader_signature
,
920 set_bit(EFI_BOOT
, &x86_efi_facility
);
921 set_bit(EFI_64BIT
, &x86_efi_facility
);
924 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT
))
925 efi_memblock_x86_reserve_range();
928 x86_init
.oem
.arch_setup();
930 iomem_resource
.end
= (1ULL << boot_cpu_data
.x86_phys_bits
) - 1;
933 /* update the e820_saved too */
934 e820_reserve_setup_data();
938 if (!boot_params
.hdr
.root_flags
)
939 root_mountflags
&= ~MS_RDONLY
;
940 init_mm
.start_code
= (unsigned long) _text
;
941 init_mm
.end_code
= (unsigned long) _etext
;
942 init_mm
.end_data
= (unsigned long) _edata
;
943 init_mm
.brk
= _brk_end
;
945 code_resource
.start
= __pa_symbol(_text
);
946 code_resource
.end
= __pa_symbol(_etext
)-1;
947 data_resource
.start
= __pa_symbol(_etext
);
948 data_resource
.end
= __pa_symbol(_edata
)-1;
949 bss_resource
.start
= __pa_symbol(__bss_start
);
950 bss_resource
.end
= __pa_symbol(__bss_stop
)-1;
952 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
953 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE
954 strlcpy(boot_command_line
, builtin_cmdline
, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
956 if (builtin_cmdline
[0]) {
957 /* append boot loader cmdline to builtin */
958 strlcat(builtin_cmdline
, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
959 strlcat(builtin_cmdline
, boot_command_line
, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
960 strlcpy(boot_command_line
, builtin_cmdline
, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
965 strlcpy(command_line
, boot_command_line
, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
966 *cmdline_p
= command_line
;
969 * x86_configure_nx() is called before parse_early_param() to detect
970 * whether hardware doesn't support NX (so that the early EHCI debug
971 * console setup can safely call set_fixmap()). It may then be called
972 * again from within noexec_setup() during parsing early parameters
973 * to honor the respective command line option.
981 /* after early param, so could get panic from serial */
982 memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data();
984 if (acpi_mps_check()) {
985 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
988 setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_APIC
);
992 if (pci_early_dump_regs
)
993 early_dump_pci_devices();
996 finish_e820_parsing();
998 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT
))
1004 * VMware detection requires dmi to be available, so this
1005 * needs to be done after dmi_scan_machine, for the BP.
1007 init_hypervisor_platform();
1009 x86_init
.resources
.probe_roms();
1011 /* after parse_early_param, so could debug it */
1012 insert_resource(&iomem_resource
, &code_resource
);
1013 insert_resource(&iomem_resource
, &data_resource
);
1014 insert_resource(&iomem_resource
, &bss_resource
);
1016 e820_add_kernel_range();
1018 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1019 if (ppro_with_ram_bug()) {
1020 e820_update_range(0x70000000ULL
, 0x40000ULL
, E820_RAM
,
1022 sanitize_e820_map(e820
.map
, ARRAY_SIZE(e820
.map
), &e820
.nr_map
);
1023 printk(KERN_INFO
"fixed physical RAM map:\n");
1024 e820_print_map("bad_ppro");
1027 early_gart_iommu_check();
1031 * partially used pages are not usable - thus
1032 * we are rounding upwards:
1034 max_pfn
= e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
1036 /* update e820 for memory not covered by WB MTRRs */
1038 if (mtrr_trim_uncached_memory(max_pfn
))
1039 max_pfn
= e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
1041 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1042 /* max_low_pfn get updated here */
1043 find_low_pfn_range();
1045 num_physpages
= max_pfn
;
1049 /* How many end-of-memory variables you have, grandma! */
1050 /* need this before calling reserve_initrd */
1051 if (max_pfn
> (1UL<<(32 - PAGE_SHIFT
)))
1052 max_low_pfn
= e820_end_of_low_ram_pfn();
1054 max_low_pfn
= max_pfn
;
1056 high_memory
= (void *)__va(max_pfn
* PAGE_SIZE
- 1) + 1;
1060 * Find and reserve possible boot-time SMP configuration:
1064 reserve_ibft_region();
1066 early_alloc_pgt_buf();
1069 * Need to conclude brk, before memblock_x86_fill()
1070 * it could use memblock_find_in_range, could overlap with
1077 memblock
.current_limit
= ISA_END_ADDRESS
;
1078 memblock_x86_fill();
1081 * The EFI specification says that boot service code won't be called
1082 * after ExitBootServices(). This is, in fact, a lie.
1084 if (efi_enabled(EFI_MEMMAP
))
1085 efi_reserve_boot_services();
1087 /* preallocate 4k for mptable mpc */
1088 early_reserve_e820_mpc_new();
1090 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_CHECK_BIOS_CORRUPTION
1091 setup_bios_corruption_check();
1094 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1095 printk(KERN_DEBUG
"initial memory mapped: [mem 0x00000000-%#010lx]\n",
1096 (max_pfn_mapped
<<PAGE_SHIFT
) - 1);
1099 reserve_real_mode();
1101 trim_platform_memory_ranges();
1102 trim_low_memory_range();
1106 early_trap_pf_init();
1110 memblock
.current_limit
= get_max_mapped();
1111 dma_contiguous_reserve(0);
1114 * NOTE: On x86-32, only from this point on, fixmaps are ready for use.
1117 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVIDE_OHCI1394_DMA_INIT
1118 if (init_ohci1394_dma_early
)
1119 init_ohci1394_dma_on_all_controllers();
1121 /* Allocate bigger log buffer */
1126 #if defined(CONFIG_ACPI) && defined(CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD)
1127 acpi_initrd_override((void *)initrd_start
, initrd_end
- initrd_start
);
1130 reserve_crashkernel();
1137 * Parse the ACPI tables for possible boot-time SMP configuration.
1139 acpi_boot_table_init();
1141 early_acpi_boot_init();
1144 memblock_find_dma_reserve();
1146 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_GUEST
1150 x86_init
.paging
.pagetable_init();
1152 if (boot_cpu_data
.cpuid_level
>= 0) {
1153 /* A CPU has %cr4 if and only if it has CPUID */
1154 mmu_cr4_features
= read_cr4();
1155 if (trampoline_cr4_features
)
1156 *trampoline_cr4_features
= mmu_cr4_features
;
1159 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1160 /* sync back kernel address range */
1161 clone_pgd_range(initial_page_table
+ KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY
,
1162 swapper_pg_dir
+ KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY
,
1168 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
1172 generic_apic_probe();
1177 * Read APIC and some other early information from ACPI tables.
1184 * get boot-time SMP configuration:
1186 if (smp_found_config
)
1189 prefill_possible_map();
1193 init_apic_mappings();
1194 if (x86_io_apic_ops
.init
)
1195 x86_io_apic_ops
.init();
1199 e820_reserve_resources();
1200 e820_mark_nosave_regions(max_low_pfn
);
1202 x86_init
.resources
.reserve_resources();
1207 #if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE)
1208 if (!efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT
) || (efi_mem_type(0xa0000) != EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY
))
1209 conswitchp
= &vga_con
;
1210 #elif defined(CONFIG_DUMMY_CONSOLE)
1211 conswitchp
= &dummy_con
;
1214 x86_init
.oem
.banner();
1216 x86_init
.timers
.wallclock_init();
1220 arch_init_ideal_nops();
1222 register_refined_jiffies(CLOCK_TICK_RATE
);
1225 /* Once setup is done above, unmap the EFI memory map on
1226 * mismatched firmware/kernel archtectures since there is no
1227 * support for runtime services.
1229 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT
) && !efi_is_native()) {
1230 pr_info("efi: Setup done, disabling due to 32/64-bit mismatch\n");
1236 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1238 static struct resource video_ram_resource
= {
1239 .name
= "Video RAM area",
1242 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_MEM
1245 void __init
i386_reserve_resources(void)
1247 request_resource(&iomem_resource
, &video_ram_resource
);
1248 reserve_standard_io_resources();
1251 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_32 */