arch/x86/boot/header.S

   1 /*
   2  *      header.S
   3  *
   4  *      Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
   5  *
   6  *      Based on bootsect.S and setup.S
   7  *      modified by more people than can be counted
   8  *
   9  *      Rewritten as a common file by H. Peter Anvin (Apr 2007)
  10  *
  11  * BIG FAT NOTE: We're in real mode using 64k segments.  Therefore segment
  12  * addresses must be multiplied by 16 to obtain their respective linear
  13  * addresses. To avoid confusion, linear addresses are written using leading
  14  * hex while segment addresses are written as segment:offset.
  15  *
  16  */
  17
  18 #include <asm/segment.h>
  19 #include <generated/utsrelease.h>
  20 #include <asm/boot.h>
  21 #include <asm/e820.h>
  22 #include <asm/page_types.h>
  23 #include <asm/setup.h>
  24 #include "boot.h"
  25 #include "voffset.h"
  26 #include "zoffset.h"
  27
  28 BOOTSEG         = 0x07C0                /* original address of boot-sector */
  29 SYSSEG          = 0x1000                /* historical load address >> 4 */
  30
  31 #ifndef SVGA_MODE
  32 #define SVGA_MODE ASK_VGA
  33 #endif
  34
  35 #ifndef ROOT_RDONLY
  36 #define ROOT_RDONLY 1
  37 #endif
  38
  39         .code16
  40         .section ".bstext", "ax"
  41
  42         .global bootsect_start
  43 bootsect_start:
  44 #ifdef CONFIG_EFI_STUB
  45         # "MZ", MS-DOS header
  46         .byte 0x4d
  47         .byte 0x5a
  48 #endif
  49
  50         # Normalize the start address
  51         ljmp    $BOOTSEG, $start2
  52
  53 start2:
  54         movw    %cs, %ax
  55         movw    %ax, %ds
  56         movw    %ax, %es
  57         movw    %ax, %ss
  58         xorw    %sp, %sp
  59         sti
  60         cld
  61
  62         movw    $bugger_off_msg, %si
  63
  64 msg_loop:
  65         lodsb
  66         andb    %al, %al
  67         jz      bs_die
  68         movb    $0xe, %ah
  69         movw    $7, %bx
  70         int     $0x10
  71         jmp     msg_loop
  72
  73 bs_die:
  74         # Allow the user to press a key, then reboot
  75         xorw    %ax, %ax
  76         int     $0x16
  77         int     $0x19
  78
  79         # int 0x19 should never return.  In case it does anyway,
  80         # invoke the BIOS reset code...
  81         ljmp    $0xf000,$0xfff0
  82
  83 #ifdef CONFIG_EFI_STUB
  84         .org    0x3c
  85         #
  86         # Offset to the PE header.
  87         #
  88         .long   pe_header
  89 #endif /* CONFIG_EFI_STUB */
  90
  91         .section ".bsdata", "a"
  92 bugger_off_msg:
  93         .ascii  "Direct floppy boot is not supported. "
  94         .ascii  "Use a boot loader program instead.\r\n"
  95         .ascii  "\n"
  96         .ascii  "Remove disk and press any key to reboot ...\r\n"
  97         .byte   0
  98
  99 #ifdef CONFIG_EFI_STUB
 100 pe_header:
 101         .ascii  "PE"
 102         .word   0
 103
 104 coff_header:
 105 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
 106         .word   0x14c                           # i386
 107 #else
 108         .word   0x8664                          # x86-64
 109 #endif
 110         .word   3                               # nr_sections
 111         .long   0                               # TimeDateStamp
 112         .long   0                               # PointerToSymbolTable
 113         .long   1                               # NumberOfSymbols
 114         .word   section_table - optional_header # SizeOfOptionalHeader
 115 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
 116         .word   0x306                           # Characteristics.
 117                                                 # IMAGE_FILE_32BIT_MACHINE |
 118                                                 # IMAGE_FILE_DEBUG_STRIPPED |
 119                                                 # IMAGE_FILE_EXECUTABLE_IMAGE |
 120                                                 # IMAGE_FILE_LINE_NUMS_STRIPPED
 121 #else
 122         .word   0x206                           # Characteristics
 123                                                 # IMAGE_FILE_DEBUG_STRIPPED |
 124                                                 # IMAGE_FILE_EXECUTABLE_IMAGE |
 125                                                 # IMAGE_FILE_LINE_NUMS_STRIPPED
 126 #endif
 127
 128 optional_header:
 129 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
 130         .word   0x10b                           # PE32 format
 131 #else
 132         .word   0x20b                           # PE32+ format
 133 #endif
 134         .byte   0x02                            # MajorLinkerVersion
 135         .byte   0x14                            # MinorLinkerVersion
 136
 137         # Filled in by build.c
 138         .long   0                               # SizeOfCode
 139
 140         .long   0                               # SizeOfInitializedData
 141         .long   0                               # SizeOfUninitializedData
 142
 143         # Filled in by build.c
 144         .long   0x0000                          # AddressOfEntryPoint
 145
 146         .long   0x0200                          # BaseOfCode
 147 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
 148         .long   0                               # data
 149 #endif
 150
 151 extra_header_fields:
 152 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
 153         .long   0                               # ImageBase
 154 #else
 155         .quad   0                               # ImageBase
 156 #endif
 157         .long   0x20                            # SectionAlignment
 158         .long   0x20                            # FileAlignment
 159         .word   0                               # MajorOperatingSystemVersion
 160         .word   0                               # MinorOperatingSystemVersion
 161         .word   0                               # MajorImageVersion
 162         .word   0                               # MinorImageVersion
 163         .word   0                               # MajorSubsystemVersion
 164         .word   0                               # MinorSubsystemVersion
 165         .long   0                               # Win32VersionValue
 166
 167         #
 168         # The size of the bzImage is written in tools/build.c
 169         #
 170         .long   0                               # SizeOfImage
 171
 172         .long   0x200                           # SizeOfHeaders
 173         .long   0                               # CheckSum
 174         .word   0xa                             # Subsystem (EFI application)
 175         .word   0                               # DllCharacteristics
 176 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
 177         .long   0                               # SizeOfStackReserve
 178         .long   0                               # SizeOfStackCommit
 179         .long   0                               # SizeOfHeapReserve
 180         .long   0                               # SizeOfHeapCommit
 181 #else
 182         .quad   0                               # SizeOfStackReserve
 183         .quad   0                               # SizeOfStackCommit
 184         .quad   0                               # SizeOfHeapReserve
 185         .quad   0                               # SizeOfHeapCommit
 186 #endif
 187         .long   0                               # LoaderFlags
 188         .long   0x6                             # NumberOfRvaAndSizes
 189
 190         .quad   0                               # ExportTable
 191         .quad   0                               # ImportTable
 192         .quad   0                               # ResourceTable
 193         .quad   0                               # ExceptionTable
 194         .quad   0                               # CertificationTable
 195         .quad   0                               # BaseRelocationTable
 196
 197         # Section table
 198 section_table:
 199         #
 200         # The offset & size fields are filled in by build.c.
 201         #
 202         .ascii  ".setup"
 203         .byte   0
 204         .byte   0
 205         .long   0
 206         .long   0x0                             # startup_{32,64}
 207         .long   0                               # Size of initialized data
 208                                                 # on disk
 209         .long   0x0                             # startup_{32,64}
 210         .long   0                               # PointerToRelocations
 211         .long   0                               # PointerToLineNumbers
 212         .word   0                               # NumberOfRelocations
 213         .word   0                               # NumberOfLineNumbers
 214         .long   0x60500020                      # Characteristics (section flags)
 215
 216         #
 217         # The EFI application loader requires a relocation section
 218         # because EFI applications must be relocatable. The .reloc
 219         # offset & size fields are filled in by build.c.
 220         #
 221         .ascii  ".reloc"
 222         .byte   0
 223         .byte   0
 224         .long   0
 225         .long   0
 226         .long   0                               # SizeOfRawData
 227         .long   0                               # PointerToRawData
 228         .long   0                               # PointerToRelocations
 229         .long   0                               # PointerToLineNumbers
 230         .word   0                               # NumberOfRelocations
 231         .word   0                               # NumberOfLineNumbers
 232         .long   0x42100040                      # Characteristics (section flags)
 233
 234         #
 235         # The offset & size fields are filled in by build.c.
 236         #
 237         .ascii  ".text"
 238         .byte   0
 239         .byte   0
 240         .byte   0
 241         .long   0
 242         .long   0x0                             # startup_{32,64}
 243         .long   0                               # Size of initialized data
 244                                                 # on disk
 245         .long   0x0                             # startup_{32,64}
 246         .long   0                               # PointerToRelocations
 247         .long   0                               # PointerToLineNumbers
 248         .word   0                               # NumberOfRelocations
 249         .word   0                               # NumberOfLineNumbers
 250         .long   0x60500020                      # Characteristics (section flags)
 251
 252 #endif /* CONFIG_EFI_STUB */
 253
 254         # Kernel attributes; used by setup.  This is part 1 of the
 255         # header, from the old boot sector.
 256
 257         .section ".header", "a"
 258         .globl  hdr
 259 hdr:
 260 setup_sects:    .byte 0                 /* Filled in by build.c */
 261 root_flags:     .word ROOT_RDONLY
 262 syssize:        .long 0                 /* Filled in by build.c */
 263 ram_size:       .word 0                 /* Obsolete */
 264 vid_mode:       .word SVGA_MODE
 265 root_dev:       .word 0                 /* Filled in by build.c */
 266 boot_flag:      .word 0xAA55
 267
 268         # offset 512, entry point
 269
 270         .globl  _start
 271 _start:
 272                 # Explicitly enter this as bytes, or the assembler
 273                 # tries to generate a 3-byte jump here, which causes
 274                 # everything else to push off to the wrong offset.
 275                 .byte   0xeb            # short (2-byte) jump
 276                 .byte   start_of_setup-1f
 277 1:
 278
 279         # Part 2 of the header, from the old setup.S
 280
 281                 .ascii  "HdrS"          # header signature
 282                 .word   0x020b          # header version number (>= 0x0105)
 283                                         # or else old loadlin-1.5 will fail)
 284                 .globl realmode_swtch
 285 realmode_swtch: .word   0, 0            # default_switch, SETUPSEG
 286 start_sys_seg:  .word   SYSSEG          # obsolete and meaningless, but just
 287                                         # in case something decided to "use" it
 288                 .word   kernel_version-512 # pointing to kernel version string
 289                                         # above section of header is compatible
 290                                         # with loadlin-1.5 (header v1.5). Don't
 291                                         # change it.
 292
 293 type_of_loader: .byte   0               # 0 means ancient bootloader, newer
 294                                         # bootloaders know to change this.
 295                                         # See Documentation/x86/boot.txt for
 296                                         # assigned ids
 297
 298 # flags, unused bits must be zero (RFU) bit within loadflags
 299 loadflags:
 300 LOADED_HIGH     = 1                     # If set, the kernel is loaded high
 301 CAN_USE_HEAP    = 0x80                  # If set, the loader also has set
 302                                         # heap_end_ptr to tell how much
 303                                         # space behind setup.S can be used for
 304                                         # heap purposes.
 305                                         # Only the loader knows what is free
 306                 .byte   LOADED_HIGH
 307
 308 setup_move_size: .word  0x8000          # size to move, when setup is not
 309                                         # loaded at 0x90000. We will move setup
 310                                         # to 0x90000 then just before jumping
 311                                         # into the kernel. However, only the
 312                                         # loader knows how much data behind
 313                                         # us also needs to be loaded.
 314
 315 code32_start:                           # here loaders can put a different
 316                                         # start address for 32-bit code.
 317                 .long   0x100000        # 0x100000 = default for big kernel
 318
 319 ramdisk_image:  .long   0               # address of loaded ramdisk image
 320                                         # Here the loader puts the 32-bit
 321                                         # address where it loaded the image.
 322                                         # This only will be read by the kernel.
 323
 324 ramdisk_size:   .long   0               # its size in bytes
 325
 326 bootsect_kludge:
 327                 .long   0               # obsolete
 328
 329 heap_end_ptr:   .word   _end+STACK_SIZE-512
 330                                         # (Header version 0x0201 or later)
 331                                         # space from here (exclusive) down to
 332                                         # end of setup code can be used by setup
 333                                         # for local heap purposes.
 334
 335 ext_loader_ver:
 336                 .byte   0               # Extended boot loader version
 337 ext_loader_type:
 338                 .byte   0               # Extended boot loader type
 339
 340 cmd_line_ptr:   .long   0               # (Header version 0x0202 or later)
 341                                         # If nonzero, a 32-bit pointer
 342                                         # to the kernel command line.
 343                                         # The command line should be
 344                                         # located between the start of
 345                                         # setup and the end of low
 346                                         # memory (0xa0000), or it may
 347                                         # get overwritten before it
 348                                         # gets read.  If this field is
 349                                         # used, there is no longer
 350                                         # anything magical about the
 351                                         # 0x90000 segment; the setup
 352                                         # can be located anywhere in
 353                                         # low memory 0x10000 or higher.
 354
 355 ramdisk_max:    .long 0x7fffffff
 356                                         # (Header version 0x0203 or later)
 357                                         # The highest safe address for
 358                                         # the contents of an initrd
 359                                         # The current kernel allows up to 4 GB,
 360                                         # but leave it at 2 GB to avoid
 361                                         # possible bootloader bugs.
 362
 363 kernel_alignment:  .long CONFIG_PHYSICAL_ALIGN  #physical addr alignment
 364                                                 #required for protected mode
 365                                                 #kernel
 366 #ifdef CONFIG_RELOCATABLE
 367 relocatable_kernel:    .byte 1
 368 #else
 369 relocatable_kernel:    .byte 0
 370 #endif
 371 min_alignment:          .byte MIN_KERNEL_ALIGN_LG2      # minimum alignment
 372 pad3:                   .word 0
 373
 374 cmdline_size:   .long   COMMAND_LINE_SIZE-1     #length of the command line,
 375                                                 #added with boot protocol
 376                                                 #version 2.06
 377
 378 hardware_subarch:       .long 0                 # subarchitecture, added with 2.07
 379                                                 # default to 0 for normal x86 PC
 380
 381 hardware_subarch_data:  .quad 0
 382
 383 payload_offset:         .long ZO_input_data
 384 payload_length:         .long ZO_z_input_len
 385
 386 setup_data:             .quad 0                 # 64-bit physical pointer to
 387                                                 # single linked list of
 388                                                 # struct setup_data
 389
 390 pref_address:           .quad LOAD_PHYSICAL_ADDR        # preferred load addr
 391
 392 #define ZO_INIT_SIZE    (ZO__end - ZO_startup_32 + ZO_z_extract_offset)
 393 #define VO_INIT_SIZE    (VO__end - VO__text)
 394 #if ZO_INIT_SIZE > VO_INIT_SIZE
 395 #define INIT_SIZE ZO_INIT_SIZE
 396 #else
 397 #define INIT_SIZE VO_INIT_SIZE
 398 #endif
 399 init_size:              .long INIT_SIZE         # kernel initialization size
 400 handover_offset:        .long 0x30              # offset to the handover
 401                                                 # protocol entry point
 402
 403 # End of setup header #####################################################
 404
 405         .section ".entrytext", "ax"
 406 start_of_setup:
 407 # Force %es = %ds
 408         movw    %ds, %ax
 409         movw    %ax, %es
 410         cld
 411
 412 # Apparently some ancient versions of LILO invoked the kernel with %ss != %ds,
 413 # which happened to work by accident for the old code.  Recalculate the stack
 414 # pointer if %ss is invalid.  Otherwise leave it alone, LOADLIN sets up the
 415 # stack behind its own code, so we can't blindly put it directly past the heap.
 416
 417         movw    %ss, %dx
 418         cmpw    %ax, %dx        # %ds == %ss?
 419         movw    %sp, %dx
 420         je      2f              # -> assume %sp is reasonably set
 421
 422         # Invalid %ss, make up a new stack
 423         movw    $_end, %dx
 424         testb   $CAN_USE_HEAP, loadflags
 425         jz      1f
 426         movw    heap_end_ptr, %dx
 427 1:      addw    $STACK_SIZE, %dx
 428         jnc     2f
 429         xorw    %dx, %dx        # Prevent wraparound
 430
 431 2:      # Now %dx should point to the end of our stack space
 432         andw    $~3, %dx        # dword align (might as well...)
 433         jnz     3f
 434         movw    $0xfffc, %dx    # Make sure we're not zero
 435 3:      movw    %ax, %ss
 436         movzwl  %dx, %esp       # Clear upper half of %esp
 437         sti                     # Now we should have a working stack
 438
 439 # We will have entered with %cs = %ds+0x20, normalize %cs so
 440 # it is on par with the other segments.
 441         pushw   %ds
 442         pushw   $6f
 443         lretw
 444 6:
 445
 446 # Check signature at end of setup
 447         cmpl    $0x5a5aaa55, setup_sig
 448         jne     setup_bad
 449
 450 # Zero the bss
 451         movw    $__bss_start, %di
 452         movw    $_end+3, %cx
 453         xorl    %eax, %eax
 454         subw    %di, %cx
 455         shrw    $2, %cx
 456         rep; stosl
 457
 458 # Jump to C code (should not return)
 459         calll   main
 460
 461 # Setup corrupt somehow...
 462 setup_bad:
 463         movl    $setup_corrupt, %eax
 464         calll   puts
 465         # Fall through...
 466
 467         .globl  die
 468         .type   die, @function
 469 die:
 470         hlt
 471         jmp     die
 472
 473         .size   die, .-die
 474
 475         .section ".initdata", "a"
 476 setup_corrupt:
 477         .byte   7
 478         .string "No setup signature found...\n"